Add support for parsing simple nullable types

... as part of adding NNBD as outlined in
https://github.com/dart-lang/language/issues/110

This only supports parsing simple nullable types
such as int? and List<int>? while subsequent CLs
will add support for parsing more complex types.

Change-Id: I144858946cb115755af437299899c2631105bf8c
Reviewed-on: https://dart-review.googlesource.com/c/87501
Reviewed-by: Brian Wilkerson <brianwilkerson@google.com>
Commit-Queue: Dan Rubel <danrubel@google.com>
diff --git a/pkg/front_end/lib/src/fasta/parser/parser.dart b/pkg/front_end/lib/src/fasta/parser/parser.dart
index 8b0ff26..92ef4bb 100644
--- a/pkg/front_end/lib/src/fasta/parser/parser.dart
+++ b/pkg/front_end/lib/src/fasta/parser/parser.dart
@@ -4489,11 +4489,7 @@
     Token name = beforeName.next;
     if (name.isIdentifier) {
       TypeParamOrArgInfo typeParam = computeTypeParamOrArg(name);
-      Token next = name;
-      if (typeParam != noTypeParamOrArg) {
-        next = typeParam.skip(next);
-      }
-      next = next.next;
+      Token next = typeParam.skip(name).next;
       if (optional('(', next)) {
         if (looksLikeFunctionBody(next.endGroup.next)) {
           return parseFunctionLiteral(
@@ -4873,8 +4869,10 @@
     if (optional('!', token.next)) {
       not = token = token.next;
     }
-    // Ignore trailing `?` if there is one as it may be part of an expression
-    TypeInfo typeInfo = computeType(token, true).asNonNullableType();
+    TypeInfo typeInfo = computeType(token, true);
+    if (typeInfo.isConditionalExpressionStart(token, this)) {
+      typeInfo = typeInfo.asNonNullable;
+    }
     token = typeInfo.ensureTypeNotVoid(token, this);
     listener.handleIsOperator(operator, not);
     return skipChainedAsIsOperators(token);
@@ -4888,8 +4886,10 @@
   Token parseAsOperatorRest(Token token) {
     Token operator = token = token.next;
     assert(optional('as', operator));
-    // Ignore trailing `?` if there is one as it may be part of an expression
-    TypeInfo typeInfo = computeType(token, true).asNonNullableType();
+    TypeInfo typeInfo = computeType(token, true);
+    if (typeInfo.isConditionalExpressionStart(token, this)) {
+      typeInfo = typeInfo.asNonNullable;
+    }
     token = typeInfo.ensureTypeNotVoid(token, this);
     listener.handleAsOperator(operator);
     return skipChainedAsIsOperators(token);
@@ -4908,7 +4908,11 @@
       if (optional('!', next.next)) {
         next = next.next;
       }
-      token = computeType(next, true).skipType(next);
+      TypeInfo typeInfo = computeType(next, true);
+      if (typeInfo.isConditionalExpressionStart(next, this)) {
+        typeInfo = typeInfo.asNonNullable;
+      }
+      token = typeInfo.skipType(next);
       next = token.next;
       value = next.stringValue;
     }
@@ -5029,6 +5033,10 @@
       TypeInfo typeInfo,
       bool onlyParseVariableDeclarationStart = false]) {
     typeInfo ??= computeType(beforeType, false);
+    if (typeInfo.isConditionalExpressionStart(beforeType, this)) {
+      typeInfo = noType;
+    }
+
     Token token = typeInfo.skipType(beforeType);
     Token next = token.next;
 
diff --git a/pkg/front_end/lib/src/fasta/parser/type_info.dart b/pkg/front_end/lib/src/fasta/parser/type_info.dart
index 5e9f636..c42442a 100644
--- a/pkg/front_end/lib/src/fasta/parser/type_info.dart
+++ b/pkg/front_end/lib/src/fasta/parser/type_info.dart
@@ -19,12 +19,12 @@
 abstract class TypeInfo {
   /// Return type info representing the receiver without the trailing `?`
   /// or the receiver if the receiver does not represent a nullable type.
-  TypeInfo asNonNullableType();
+  TypeInfo get asNonNullable;
 
   /// Return `true` if the tokens comprising the type represented by the
   /// receiver could be interpreted as a valid standalone expression.
-  /// For example, `A` or `A.b` could be interpreted as a type references
-  /// or as expressions, while `A<T>` only looks like a type reference.
+  /// For example, `A` or `A.b` could be interpreted as type references
+  /// or expressions, while `A<T>` only looks like a type reference.
   bool get couldBeExpression;
 
   /// Call this function when the token after [token] must be a type (not void).
@@ -41,6 +41,13 @@
   /// in valid code or during recovery.
   Token ensureTypeOrVoid(Token token, Parser parser);
 
+  /// Return `true` if the tokens comprising the type represented by the
+  /// receiver are the start of a conditional expression.
+  /// For example, `A?` or `A.b?` could be the start of a conditional expression
+  /// and require arbitrary look ahead to determine if it is,
+  /// while `A<T>?` cannot be the start of a conditional expression.
+  bool isConditionalExpressionStart(Token token, Parser parser);
+
   /// Call this function to parse an optional type (not void) after [token].
   /// This function will call the appropriate event methods on the [Parser]'s
   /// listener to handle the type. This may modify the token stream
@@ -199,13 +206,19 @@
       // We've seen identifier `<` identifier `>`
       next = typeParamOrArg.skip(next).next;
       if (!isGeneralizedFunctionType(next)) {
-        if (required || looksLikeName(next)) {
-          // identifier `<` identifier `>` identifier
-          return typeParamOrArg.typeInfo;
+        if (optional('?', next) && typeParamOrArg == simpleTypeArgument1) {
+          if (required || looksLikeName(next.next)) {
+            // identifier `<` identifier `>` `?` identifier
+            return simpleNullableTypeWith1Argument;
+          }
         } else {
-          // identifier `<` identifier `>` non-identifier
-          return noType;
+          if (required || looksLikeName(next)) {
+            // identifier `<` identifier `>` identifier
+            return typeParamOrArg.typeInfo;
+          }
         }
+        // identifier `<` identifier `>` non-identifier
+        return noType;
       }
     }
     // TODO(danrubel): Consider adding a const for
@@ -255,7 +268,21 @@
         .computeIdentifierGFT(required);
   }
 
-  if (required || looksLikeName(next)) {
+  if (optional('?', next)) {
+    if (required) {
+      // identifier `?`
+      return simpleNullableType;
+    } else {
+      next = next.next;
+      if (isGeneralizedFunctionType(next)) {
+        // identifier `?` Function `(`
+        return simpleNullableType;
+      } else if (looksLikeName(next)) {
+        // identifier `?` identifier `=`
+        return simpleNullableType;
+      }
+    }
+  } else if (required || looksLikeName(next)) {
     // identifier identifier
     return simpleType;
   }
diff --git a/pkg/front_end/lib/src/fasta/parser/type_info_impl.dart b/pkg/front_end/lib/src/fasta/parser/type_info_impl.dart
index 2a2b6ab..7cb7f45 100644
--- a/pkg/front_end/lib/src/fasta/parser/type_info_impl.dart
+++ b/pkg/front_end/lib/src/fasta/parser/type_info_impl.dart
@@ -38,6 +38,10 @@
 /// when there is a single identifier as the type reference.
 const TypeInfo simpleType = const SimpleType();
 
+/// [SimpleNullableType] is a specialized [TypeInfo] returned by [computeType]
+/// when there is a single identifier followed by `?` as the type reference.
+const TypeInfo simpleNullableType = const SimpleNullableType();
+
 /// [PrefixedType] is a specialized [TypeInfo] returned by [computeType]
 /// when the type reference is of the form: identifier `.` identifier.
 const TypeInfo prefixedType = const PrefixedType();
@@ -60,6 +64,12 @@
 const TypeInfo simpleTypeWith1ArgumentGtGt =
     const SimpleTypeWith1Argument(simpleTypeArgument1GtGt);
 
+/// [SimpleNullableTypeWith1Argument] is a specialized [TypeInfo] returned by
+/// [computeType] when the type reference is of the form:
+/// identifier `<` identifier `>` `?`.
+const TypeInfo simpleNullableTypeWith1Argument =
+    const SimpleNullableTypeWith1Argument();
+
 /// [SimpleTypeArgument1] is a specialized [TypeParamOrArgInfo] returned by
 /// [computeTypeParamOrArg] when the type reference is of the form:
 /// `<` identifier `>`.
@@ -82,10 +92,10 @@
   const NoType();
 
   @override
-  bool get couldBeExpression => false;
+  TypeInfo get asNonNullable => this;
 
   @override
-  TypeInfo asNonNullableType() => this;
+  bool get couldBeExpression => false;
 
   @override
   Token ensureTypeNotVoid(Token token, Parser parser) {
@@ -100,6 +110,9 @@
       ensureTypeNotVoid(token, parser);
 
   @override
+  bool isConditionalExpressionStart(Token token, Parser parser) => false;
+
+  @override
   Token parseTypeNotVoid(Token token, Parser parser) =>
       parseType(token, parser);
 
@@ -120,10 +133,10 @@
   const PrefixedType();
 
   @override
-  bool get couldBeExpression => true;
+  TypeInfo get asNonNullable => this;
 
   @override
-  TypeInfo asNonNullableType() => this;
+  bool get couldBeExpression => true;
 
   @override
   Token ensureTypeNotVoid(Token token, Parser parser) =>
@@ -134,6 +147,9 @@
       parseType(token, parser);
 
   @override
+  bool isConditionalExpressionStart(Token token, Parser parser) => false;
+
+  @override
   Token parseTypeNotVoid(Token token, Parser parser) =>
       parseType(token, parser);
 
@@ -164,6 +180,33 @@
   }
 }
 
+/// See documentation on the [simpleNullableTypeWith1Argument] const.
+class SimpleNullableTypeWith1Argument extends SimpleTypeWith1Argument {
+  const SimpleNullableTypeWith1Argument() : super(simpleTypeArgument1);
+
+  @override
+  TypeInfo get asNonNullable => simpleTypeWith1Argument;
+
+  @override
+  bool isConditionalExpressionStart(Token token, Parser parser) =>
+      isConditionalThenExpression(skipType(token), parser);
+
+  @override
+  Token parseTypeRest(Token start, Token token, Parser parser) {
+    token = token.next;
+    assert(optional('?', token));
+    parser.listener.handleType(start, token);
+    return token;
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Token skipType(Token token) {
+    token = super.skipType(token).next;
+    assert(optional('?', token));
+    return token;
+  }
+}
+
 /// See documentation on the [simpleTypeWith1Argument] const.
 class SimpleTypeWith1Argument implements TypeInfo {
   final TypeParamOrArgInfo typeArg;
@@ -171,10 +214,10 @@
   const SimpleTypeWith1Argument(this.typeArg);
 
   @override
-  bool get couldBeExpression => false;
+  TypeInfo get asNonNullable => this;
 
   @override
-  TypeInfo asNonNullableType() => this;
+  bool get couldBeExpression => false;
 
   @override
   Token ensureTypeNotVoid(Token token, Parser parser) =>
@@ -185,6 +228,9 @@
       parseType(token, parser);
 
   @override
+  bool isConditionalExpressionStart(Token token, Parser parser) => false;
+
+  @override
   Token parseTypeNotVoid(Token token, Parser parser) =>
       parseType(token, parser);
 
@@ -210,15 +256,40 @@
   }
 }
 
+/// See documentation on the [simpleNullableType] const.
+class SimpleNullableType extends SimpleType {
+  const SimpleNullableType();
+
+  @override
+  TypeInfo get asNonNullable => simpleType;
+
+  @override
+  bool isConditionalExpressionStart(Token token, Parser parser) =>
+      isConditionalThenExpression(skipType(token), parser);
+
+  @override
+  Token parseTypeRest(Token start, Parser parser) {
+    Token token = start.next;
+    assert(optional('?', token));
+    parser.listener.handleType(start, token);
+    return token;
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Token skipType(Token token) {
+    return token.next.next;
+  }
+}
+
 /// See documentation on the [simpleType] const.
 class SimpleType implements TypeInfo {
   const SimpleType();
 
   @override
-  bool get couldBeExpression => true;
+  TypeInfo get asNonNullable => this;
 
   @override
-  TypeInfo asNonNullableType() => this;
+  bool get couldBeExpression => true;
 
   @override
   Token ensureTypeNotVoid(Token token, Parser parser) =>
@@ -229,6 +300,9 @@
       parseType(token, parser);
 
   @override
+  bool isConditionalExpressionStart(Token token, Parser parser) => false;
+
+  @override
   Token parseTypeNotVoid(Token token, Parser parser) =>
       parseType(token, parser);
 
@@ -257,10 +331,10 @@
   const VoidType();
 
   @override
-  bool get couldBeExpression => false;
+  TypeInfo get asNonNullable => this;
 
   @override
-  TypeInfo asNonNullableType() => this;
+  bool get couldBeExpression => false;
 
   @override
   Token ensureTypeNotVoid(Token token, Parser parser) {
@@ -274,6 +348,9 @@
       parseType(token, parser);
 
   @override
+  bool isConditionalExpressionStart(Token token, Parser parser) => false;
+
+  @override
   Token parseTypeNotVoid(Token token, Parser parser) =>
       ensureTypeNotVoid(token, parser);
 
@@ -337,14 +414,14 @@
       : this.start = beforeStart.next;
 
   @override
-  bool get couldBeExpression => false;
-
-  @override
-  TypeInfo asNonNullableType() {
+  TypeInfo get asNonNullable {
     return this;
   }
 
   @override
+  bool get couldBeExpression => false;
+
+  @override
   Token ensureTypeNotVoid(Token token, Parser parser) =>
       parseType(token, parser);
 
@@ -353,6 +430,12 @@
       parseType(token, parser);
 
   @override
+  bool isConditionalExpressionStart(Token token, Parser parser) {
+    //return isConditionalThenExpression(token.next.next, parser);
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  @override
   Token parseTypeNotVoid(Token token, Parser parser) =>
       parseType(token, parser);
 
@@ -1061,3 +1144,16 @@
   }
   return null;
 }
+
+/// Return `true` if the tokens after [token]
+/// represent a valid expression followed by a `:`.
+bool isConditionalThenExpression(Token token, Parser parser) {
+  // TODO(danrubel): Consider adding checks for simple situations
+  // before resorting to heavy weight lookahead.
+
+  final originalListener = parser.listener;
+  parser.listener = new ForwardingListener();
+  token = parser.parseExpression(token);
+  parser.listener = originalListener;
+  return optional(':', token.next);
+}
diff --git a/pkg/front_end/test/fasta/parser/type_info_test.dart b/pkg/front_end/test/fasta/parser/type_info_test.dart
index 9a0400d..0febbe0 100644
--- a/pkg/front_end/test/fasta/parser/type_info_test.dart
+++ b/pkg/front_end/test/fasta/parser/type_info_test.dart
@@ -19,7 +19,9 @@
   defineReflectiveSuite(() {
     defineReflectiveTests(NoTypeInfoTest);
     defineReflectiveTests(PrefixedTypeInfoTest);
-    defineReflectiveTests(SimpleTypeInfoTest);
+    defineReflectiveTests(SimpleNullableTypeTest);
+    defineReflectiveTests(SimpleNullableTypeWith1ArgumentTest);
+    defineReflectiveTests(SimpleTypeTest);
     defineReflectiveTests(SimpleTypeWith1ArgumentTest);
     defineReflectiveTests(TypeInfoTest);
     defineReflectiveTests(VoidTypeInfoTest);
@@ -309,7 +311,124 @@
 }
 
 @reflectiveTest
-class SimpleTypeInfoTest {
+class SimpleNullableTypeTest {
+  void test_compute() {
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableType, 'C?', required: true);
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableType, 'C?;', required: true);
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableType, 'C?(', required: true);
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableType, 'C?<', required: true);
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableType, 'C?=', required: true);
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableType, 'C?*', required: true);
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableType, 'C? do', required: true);
+
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableType, 'C? foo');
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableType, 'C? get');
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableType, 'C? set');
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableType, 'C? operator');
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableType, 'C? this');
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableType, 'C? Function');
+
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableType, 'C? Function()', required: false);
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableType, 'C? Function<T>()', required: false);
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableType, 'C? Function(int)', required: false);
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableType, 'C? Function<T>(int)', required: false);
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableType, 'C? Function(int x)', required: false);
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableType, 'C? Function<T>(int x)', required: false);
+  }
+
+  void test_simpleNullableType() {
+    final Token start = scanString('before C? ;').tokens;
+    final Token expectedEnd = start.next.next;
+
+    expect(simpleNullableType.skipType(start), expectedEnd);
+    expect(simpleNullableType.couldBeExpression, isTrue);
+
+    TypeInfoListener listener;
+    assertResult(Token actualEnd) {
+      expect(actualEnd, expectedEnd);
+      expect(listener.calls, [
+        'handleIdentifier C typeReference',
+        'handleNoTypeArguments ?',
+        'handleType C ?',
+      ]);
+      expect(listener.errors, isNull);
+    }
+
+    listener = new TypeInfoListener();
+    assertResult(
+        simpleNullableType.ensureTypeNotVoid(start, new Parser(listener)));
+
+    listener = new TypeInfoListener();
+    assertResult(
+        simpleNullableType.ensureTypeOrVoid(start, new Parser(listener)));
+
+    listener = new TypeInfoListener();
+    assertResult(
+        simpleNullableType.parseTypeNotVoid(start, new Parser(listener)));
+
+    listener = new TypeInfoListener();
+    assertResult(simpleNullableType.parseType(start, new Parser(listener)));
+  }
+}
+
+@reflectiveTest
+class SimpleNullableTypeWith1ArgumentTest {
+  void test_compute() {
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableTypeWith1Argument, 'C<T>?', required: true);
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableTypeWith1Argument, 'C<T>?;', required: true);
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableTypeWith1Argument, 'C<T>?(', required: true);
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableTypeWith1Argument, 'C<T>? do', required: true);
+
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableTypeWith1Argument, 'C<T>? foo');
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableTypeWith1Argument, 'C<T>? get');
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableTypeWith1Argument, 'C<T>? set');
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableTypeWith1Argument, 'C<T>? operator');
+    expectInfo(simpleNullableTypeWith1Argument, 'C<T>? Function');
+  }
+
+  void test_gt_questionMark() {
+    final Token start = scanString('before C<T>? ;').tokens;
+    final Token expectedEnd = start.next.next.next.next.next;
+    expect(expectedEnd.lexeme, '?');
+
+    expect(simpleNullableTypeWith1Argument.skipType(start), expectedEnd);
+    expect(simpleNullableTypeWith1Argument.couldBeExpression, isFalse);
+
+    TypeInfoListener listener;
+    assertResult(Token actualEnd) {
+      expect(actualEnd, expectedEnd);
+      expect(listener.calls, [
+        'handleIdentifier C typeReference',
+        'beginTypeArguments <',
+        'handleIdentifier T typeReference',
+        'handleNoTypeArguments >',
+        'handleType T null',
+        'endTypeArguments 1 < >',
+        'handleType C ?',
+      ]);
+      expect(listener.errors, isNull);
+    }
+
+    listener = new TypeInfoListener();
+    assertResult(simpleNullableTypeWith1Argument.ensureTypeNotVoid(
+        start, new Parser(listener)));
+
+    listener = new TypeInfoListener();
+    assertResult(simpleNullableTypeWith1Argument.ensureTypeOrVoid(
+        start, new Parser(listener)));
+
+    listener = new TypeInfoListener();
+    assertResult(simpleNullableTypeWith1Argument.parseTypeNotVoid(
+        start, new Parser(listener)));
+
+    listener = new TypeInfoListener();
+    assertResult(
+        simpleNullableTypeWith1Argument.parseType(start, new Parser(listener)));
+  }
+}
+
+@reflectiveTest
+class SimpleTypeTest {
   void test_compute() {
     expectInfo(simpleType, 'C', required: true);
     expectInfo(simpleType, 'C;', required: true);
@@ -336,7 +455,7 @@
     expectInfo(simpleType, 'C Function<T>(int x)', required: false);
   }
 
-  void test_simpleTypeInfo() {
+  void test_simpleType() {
     final Token start = scanString('before C ;').tokens;
     final Token expectedEnd = start.next;
 
@@ -818,7 +937,9 @@
         expectedErrors: [
           error(codeExpectedType, 2, 1)
         ]);
+  }
 
+  void test_computeType_statements() {
     // Statements that should not have a type
     expectInfo(noType, 'C<T ; T>U;', required: false);
     expectInfo(noType, 'C<T && T>U;', required: false);