| // Copyright (c) 2012, the Dart project authors. Please see the AUTHORS file |
| // for details. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a |
| // BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file. |
| |
| #include "vm/zone.h" |
| |
| #include "platform/assert.h" |
| #include "platform/leak_sanitizer.h" |
| #include "platform/utils.h" |
| #include "vm/dart_api_state.h" |
| #include "vm/flags.h" |
| #include "vm/handles_impl.h" |
| #include "vm/heap/heap.h" |
| #include "vm/os.h" |
| #include "vm/virtual_memory.h" |
| |
| namespace dart { |
| |
| RelaxedAtomic<intptr_t> Zone::total_size_ = {0}; |
| |
| // Zone segments represent chunks of memory: They have starting |
| // address encoded in the this pointer and a size in bytes. They are |
| // chained together to form the backing storage for an expanding zone. |
| class Zone::Segment { |
| public: |
| Segment* next() const { return next_; } |
| intptr_t size() const { return size_; } |
| VirtualMemory* memory() const { return memory_; } |
| |
| uword start() { return address(sizeof(Segment)); } |
| uword end() { return address(size_); } |
| |
| // Allocate or delete individual segments. |
| static Segment* New(intptr_t size, Segment* next); |
| static void DeleteSegmentList(Segment* segment); |
| |
| private: |
| Segment* next_; |
| intptr_t size_; |
| VirtualMemory* memory_; |
| void* alignment_; |
| |
| // Computes the address of the nth byte in this segment. |
| uword address(intptr_t n) { return reinterpret_cast<uword>(this) + n; } |
| |
| DISALLOW_IMPLICIT_CONSTRUCTORS(Segment); |
| }; |
| |
| // tcmalloc and jemalloc have both been observed to hold onto lots of free'd |
| // zone segments (jemalloc to the point of causing OOM), so instead of using |
| // malloc to allocate segments, we allocate directly from mmap/zx_vmo_create/ |
| // VirtualAlloc, and cache a small number of the normal sized segments. |
| static constexpr intptr_t kSegmentCacheCapacity = 16; // 1 MB of Segments |
| static Mutex* segment_cache_mutex = nullptr; |
| static VirtualMemory* segment_cache[kSegmentCacheCapacity] = {nullptr}; |
| static intptr_t segment_cache_size = 0; |
| |
| void Zone::Init() { |
| ASSERT(segment_cache_mutex == nullptr); |
| segment_cache_mutex = new Mutex(NOT_IN_PRODUCT("segment_cache_mutex")); |
| } |
| |
| void Zone::Cleanup() { |
| ClearCache(); |
| delete segment_cache_mutex; |
| segment_cache_mutex = nullptr; |
| } |
| |
| void Zone::ClearCache() { |
| MutexLocker ml(segment_cache_mutex); |
| ASSERT(segment_cache_size >= 0); |
| ASSERT(segment_cache_size <= kSegmentCacheCapacity); |
| while (segment_cache_size > 0) { |
| delete segment_cache[--segment_cache_size]; |
| } |
| } |
| |
| Zone::Segment* Zone::Segment::New(intptr_t size, Zone::Segment* next) { |
| size = Utils::RoundUp(size, VirtualMemory::PageSize()); |
| VirtualMemory* memory = nullptr; |
| if (size == kSegmentSize) { |
| MutexLocker ml(segment_cache_mutex); |
| ASSERT(segment_cache_size >= 0); |
| ASSERT(segment_cache_size <= kSegmentCacheCapacity); |
| if (segment_cache_size > 0) { |
| memory = segment_cache[--segment_cache_size]; |
| } |
| } |
| if (memory == nullptr) { |
| bool executable = false; |
| bool compressed = false; |
| memory = VirtualMemory::Allocate(size, executable, compressed, "dart-zone"); |
| total_size_.fetch_add(size); |
| } |
| if (memory == nullptr) { |
| OUT_OF_MEMORY(); |
| } |
| Segment* result = reinterpret_cast<Segment*>(memory->start()); |
| #ifdef DEBUG |
| // Zap the entire allocated segment (including the header). |
| memset(reinterpret_cast<void*>(result), kZapUninitializedByte, size); |
| #endif |
| result->next_ = next; |
| result->size_ = size; |
| result->memory_ = memory; |
| result->alignment_ = nullptr; // Avoid unused variable warnings. |
| |
| LSAN_REGISTER_ROOT_REGION(result, sizeof(*result)); |
| |
| return result; |
| } |
| |
| void Zone::Segment::DeleteSegmentList(Segment* head) { |
| Segment* current = head; |
| while (current != NULL) { |
| intptr_t size = current->size(); |
| Segment* next = current->next(); |
| VirtualMemory* memory = current->memory(); |
| #ifdef DEBUG |
| // Zap the entire current segment (including the header). |
| memset(reinterpret_cast<void*>(current), kZapDeletedByte, current->size()); |
| #endif |
| LSAN_UNREGISTER_ROOT_REGION(current, sizeof(*current)); |
| |
| if (size == kSegmentSize) { |
| MutexLocker ml(segment_cache_mutex); |
| ASSERT(segment_cache_size >= 0); |
| ASSERT(segment_cache_size <= kSegmentCacheCapacity); |
| if (segment_cache_size < kSegmentCacheCapacity) { |
| segment_cache[segment_cache_size++] = memory; |
| memory = nullptr; |
| } |
| } |
| if (memory != nullptr) { |
| total_size_.fetch_sub(size); |
| delete memory; |
| } |
| current = next; |
| } |
| } |
| |
| Zone::Zone() |
| : position_(reinterpret_cast<uword>(&buffer_)), |
| limit_(position_ + kInitialChunkSize), |
| segments_(nullptr), |
| previous_(nullptr), |
| handles_() { |
| ASSERT(Utils::IsAligned(position_, kAlignment)); |
| #ifdef DEBUG |
| // Zap the entire initial buffer. |
| memset(&buffer_, kZapUninitializedByte, kInitialChunkSize); |
| #endif |
| } |
| |
| Zone::~Zone() { |
| if (FLAG_trace_zones) { |
| Print(); |
| } |
| Segment::DeleteSegmentList(segments_); |
| } |
| |
| void Zone::Reset() { |
| // Traverse the chained list of segments, zapping (in debug mode) |
| // and freeing every zone segment. |
| Segment::DeleteSegmentList(segments_); |
| segments_ = nullptr; |
| |
| #ifdef DEBUG |
| memset(&buffer_, kZapDeletedByte, kInitialChunkSize); |
| #endif |
| position_ = reinterpret_cast<uword>(&buffer_); |
| limit_ = position_ + kInitialChunkSize; |
| size_ = 0; |
| small_segment_capacity_ = 0; |
| previous_ = nullptr; |
| handles_.Reset(); |
| } |
| |
| uintptr_t Zone::SizeInBytes() const { |
| return size_; |
| } |
| |
| uintptr_t Zone::CapacityInBytes() const { |
| uintptr_t size = kInitialChunkSize; |
| for (Segment* s = segments_; s != nullptr; s = s->next()) { |
| size += s->size(); |
| } |
| return size; |
| } |
| |
| void Zone::Print() const { |
| intptr_t segment_size = CapacityInBytes(); |
| intptr_t scoped_handle_size = handles_.ScopedHandlesCapacityInBytes(); |
| intptr_t zone_handle_size = handles_.ZoneHandlesCapacityInBytes(); |
| intptr_t total_size = segment_size + scoped_handle_size + zone_handle_size; |
| OS::PrintErr("Zone(%p, segments: %" Pd ", scoped_handles: %" Pd |
| ", zone_handles: %" Pd ", total: %" Pd ")\n", |
| this, segment_size, scoped_handle_size, zone_handle_size, |
| total_size); |
| } |
| |
| uword Zone::AllocateExpand(intptr_t size) { |
| ASSERT(size >= 0); |
| if (FLAG_trace_zones) { |
| OS::PrintErr("*** Expanding zone 0x%" Px "\n", |
| reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(this)); |
| Print(); |
| } |
| // Make sure the requested size is already properly aligned and that |
| // there isn't enough room in the Zone to satisfy the request. |
| ASSERT(Utils::IsAligned(size, kAlignment)); |
| intptr_t free_size = (limit_ - position_); |
| ASSERT(free_size < size); |
| |
| // First check to see if we should just chain it as a large segment. |
| intptr_t max_size = |
| Utils::RoundDown(kSegmentSize - sizeof(Segment), kAlignment); |
| ASSERT(max_size > 0); |
| if (size > max_size) { |
| return AllocateLargeSegment(size); |
| } |
| |
| const intptr_t kSuperPageSize = 2 * MB; |
| intptr_t next_size; |
| if (small_segment_capacity_ < kSuperPageSize) { |
| // When the Zone is small, grow linearly to reduce size and use the segment |
| // cache to avoid expensive mmap calls. |
| next_size = kSegmentSize; |
| } else { |
| // When the Zone is large, grow geometrically to avoid Page Table Entry |
| // exhaustion. Using 1.125 ratio. |
| next_size = Utils::RoundUp(small_segment_capacity_ >> 3, kSuperPageSize); |
| } |
| ASSERT(next_size >= kSegmentSize); |
| |
| // Allocate another segment and chain it up. |
| segments_ = Segment::New(next_size, segments_); |
| small_segment_capacity_ += next_size; |
| |
| // Recompute 'position' and 'limit' based on the new head segment. |
| uword result = Utils::RoundUp(segments_->start(), kAlignment); |
| position_ = result + size; |
| limit_ = segments_->end(); |
| size_ += size; |
| ASSERT(position_ <= limit_); |
| return result; |
| } |
| |
| uword Zone::AllocateLargeSegment(intptr_t size) { |
| ASSERT(size >= 0); |
| // Make sure the requested size is already properly aligned and that |
| // there isn't enough room in the Zone to satisfy the request. |
| ASSERT(Utils::IsAligned(size, kAlignment)); |
| intptr_t free_size = (limit_ - position_); |
| ASSERT(free_size < size); |
| |
| // Create a new large segment and chain it up. |
| // Account for book keeping fields in size. |
| size_ += size; |
| size += Utils::RoundUp(sizeof(Segment), kAlignment); |
| segments_ = Segment::New(size, segments_); |
| |
| uword result = Utils::RoundUp(segments_->start(), kAlignment); |
| return result; |
| } |
| |
| char* Zone::MakeCopyOfString(const char* str) { |
| intptr_t len = strlen(str) + 1; // '\0'-terminated. |
| char* copy = Alloc<char>(len); |
| strncpy(copy, str, len); |
| return copy; |
| } |
| |
| char* Zone::MakeCopyOfStringN(const char* str, intptr_t len) { |
| ASSERT(len >= 0); |
| for (intptr_t i = 0; i < len; i++) { |
| if (str[i] == '\0') { |
| len = i; |
| break; |
| } |
| } |
| char* copy = Alloc<char>(len + 1); // +1 for '\0' |
| strncpy(copy, str, len); |
| copy[len] = '\0'; |
| return copy; |
| } |
| |
| char* Zone::ConcatStrings(const char* a, const char* b, char join) { |
| intptr_t a_len = (a == NULL) ? 0 : strlen(a); |
| const intptr_t b_len = strlen(b) + 1; // '\0'-terminated. |
| const intptr_t len = a_len + b_len; |
| char* copy = Alloc<char>(len); |
| if (a_len > 0) { |
| strncpy(copy, a, a_len); |
| // Insert join character. |
| copy[a_len++] = join; |
| } |
| strncpy(©[a_len], b, b_len); |
| return copy; |
| } |
| |
| void Zone::VisitObjectPointers(ObjectPointerVisitor* visitor) { |
| Zone* zone = this; |
| while (zone != NULL) { |
| zone->handles()->VisitObjectPointers(visitor); |
| zone = zone->previous_; |
| } |
| } |
| |
| char* Zone::PrintToString(const char* format, ...) { |
| va_list args; |
| va_start(args, format); |
| char* buffer = OS::VSCreate(this, format, args); |
| va_end(args); |
| return buffer; |
| } |
| |
| char* Zone::VPrint(const char* format, va_list args) { |
| return OS::VSCreate(this, format, args); |
| } |
| |
| StackZone::StackZone(ThreadState* thread) |
| #if defined(DART_USE_ABSL) |
| // DART_USE_ABSL encodes the use of fibers in the Dart VM for threading. |
| : StackResource(thread), zone_(new Zone()) { |
| #else |
| : StackResource(thread), zone_() { |
| #endif // defined(DART_USE_ABSL) |
| if (FLAG_trace_zones) { |
| OS::PrintErr("*** Starting a new Stack zone 0x%" Px "(0x%" Px ")\n", |
| reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(this), |
| reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(GetZone())); |
| } |
| |
| // This thread must be preventing safepoints or the GC could be visiting the |
| // chain of handle blocks we're about the mutate. |
| ASSERT(Thread::Current()->MayAllocateHandles()); |
| |
| Zone* lzone = GetZone(); |
| lzone->Link(thread->zone()); |
| thread->set_zone(lzone); |
| } |
| |
| StackZone::~StackZone() { |
| // This thread must be preventing safepoints or the GC could be visiting the |
| // chain of handle blocks we're about the mutate. |
| ASSERT(Thread::Current()->MayAllocateHandles()); |
| |
| Zone* lzone = GetZone(); |
| ASSERT(thread()->zone() == lzone); |
| thread()->set_zone(lzone->previous_); |
| if (FLAG_trace_zones) { |
| OS::PrintErr("*** Deleting Stack zone 0x%" Px "(0x%" Px ")\n", |
| reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(this), |
| reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(lzone)); |
| } |
| |
| #if defined(DART_USE_ABSL) |
| // DART_USE_ABSL encodes the use of fibers in the Dart VM for threading. |
| delete zone_; |
| #endif // defined(DART_USE_ABSL) |
| } |
| |
| } // namespace dart |