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// Copyright (c) 2013, the Dart project authors. Please see the AUTHORS file
// for details. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a
// BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
#ifndef RUNTIME_VM_COMPILER_BACKEND_LINEARSCAN_H_
#define RUNTIME_VM_COMPILER_BACKEND_LINEARSCAN_H_
#if defined(DART_PRECOMPILED_RUNTIME)
#error "AOT runtime should not use compiler sources (including header files)"
#endif // defined(DART_PRECOMPILED_RUNTIME)
#include "vm/compiler/backend/flow_graph.h"
#include "vm/compiler/backend/il.h"
#include "vm/growable_array.h"
namespace dart {
class AllocationFinger;
class FlowGraph;
class LiveRange;
class UseInterval;
class UsePosition;
class ReachingDefs : public ValueObject {
public:
explicit ReachingDefs(const FlowGraph& flow_graph)
: flow_graph_(flow_graph), phis_(10) {}
BitVector* Get(PhiInstr* phi);
private:
void AddPhi(PhiInstr* phi);
void Compute();
const FlowGraph& flow_graph_;
GrowableArray<PhiInstr*> phis_;
};
class SSALivenessAnalysis : public LivenessAnalysis {
public:
explicit SSALivenessAnalysis(const FlowGraph& flow_graph)
: LivenessAnalysis(flow_graph.max_virtual_register_number(),
flow_graph.postorder()),
graph_entry_(flow_graph.graph_entry()) {}
private:
// Compute initial values for live-out, kill and live-in sets.
virtual void ComputeInitialSets();
GraphEntryInstr* graph_entry_;
};
// Forward.
struct ExtraLoopInfo;
class FlowGraphAllocator : public ValueObject {
public:
// Number of stack slots needed for a fpu register spill slot.
static const intptr_t kDoubleSpillFactor =
kDoubleSize / compiler::target::kWordSize;
explicit FlowGraphAllocator(const FlowGraph& flow_graph,
bool intrinsic_mode = false);
void AllocateRegisters();
// Map a virtual register number to its live range.
LiveRange* GetLiveRange(intptr_t vreg);
DART_FORCE_INLINE static void SetLifetimePosition(Instruction* instr,
intptr_t pos) {
instr->SetPassSpecificId(CompilerPass::kAllocateRegisters, pos);
}
DART_FORCE_INLINE static bool HasLifetimePosition(Instruction* instr) {
return instr->HasPassSpecificId(CompilerPass::kAllocateRegisters);
}
DART_FORCE_INLINE static intptr_t GetLifetimePosition(
const Instruction* instr) {
return instr->GetPassSpecificId(CompilerPass::kAllocateRegisters);
}
private:
void CollectRepresentations();
// Visit blocks in the code generation order (reverse post order) and
// linearly assign consequent lifetime positions to every instruction.
// We assign position as follows:
//
// 2 * n - even position corresponding to instruction's start;
//
// 2 * n + 1 - odd position corresponding to instruction's end;
//
// Having two positions per instruction allows us to capture non-trivial
// shapes of use intervals: e.g. by placing a use at the start or the
// end position we can distinguish between instructions that need value
// at the register only at their start and those instructions that
// need value in the register until the end of instruction's body.
// Register allocator can perform splitting of live ranges at any position.
// An implicit ParallelMove will be inserted by ConnectSplitSiblings where
// required to resolve data flow between split siblings when allocation
// is finished.
// For specific examples see comments inside ProcessOneInstruction.
// Additionally creates parallel moves at the joins' predecessors
// that will be used for phi resolution.
void NumberInstructions();
Instruction* InstructionAt(intptr_t pos) const;
BlockEntryInstr* BlockEntryAt(intptr_t pos) const;
bool IsBlockEntry(intptr_t pos) const;
LiveRange* MakeLiveRangeForTemporary();
// Visit instructions in the postorder and build live ranges for
// all SSA values.
void BuildLiveRanges();
Instruction* ConnectOutgoingPhiMoves(BlockEntryInstr* block,
BitVector* interference_set);
void ProcessEnvironmentUses(BlockEntryInstr* block, Instruction* current);
void ProcessMaterializationUses(BlockEntryInstr* block,
const intptr_t block_start_pos,
const intptr_t use_pos,
MaterializeObjectInstr* mat);
void ProcessOneInput(BlockEntryInstr* block,
intptr_t pos,
Location* in_ref,
Value* input,
intptr_t vreg,
RegisterSet* live_registers);
void ProcessOneOutput(BlockEntryInstr* block,
intptr_t pos,
Location* out,
Definition* def,
intptr_t vreg,
bool output_same_as_first_input,
Location* in_ref,
Definition* input,
intptr_t input_vreg,
BitVector* interference_set);
void ProcessOneInstruction(BlockEntryInstr* block,
Instruction* instr,
BitVector* interference_set);
static const intptr_t kNormalEntryPos = 2;
void ProcessInitialDefinition(Definition* defn,
LiveRange* range,
BlockEntryInstr* block,
bool second_location_for_definition = false);
void ConnectIncomingPhiMoves(JoinEntryInstr* join);
void BlockLocation(Location loc, intptr_t from, intptr_t to);
void BlockRegisterLocation(Location loc,
intptr_t from,
intptr_t to,
bool* blocked_registers,
LiveRange** blocking_ranges);
intptr_t NumberOfRegisters() const { return number_of_registers_; }
// Find all safepoints that are covered by this live range.
void AssignSafepoints(Definition* defn, LiveRange* range);
void PrepareForAllocation(Location::Kind register_kind,
intptr_t number_of_registers,
const GrowableArray<LiveRange*>& unallocated,
LiveRange** blocking_ranges,
bool* blocked_registers);
// Process live ranges sorted by their start and assign registers
// to them
void AllocateUnallocatedRanges();
void AdvanceActiveIntervals(const intptr_t start);
// Connect split siblings over non-linear control flow edges.
void ResolveControlFlow();
void ConnectSplitSiblings(LiveRange* range,
BlockEntryInstr* source_block,
BlockEntryInstr* target_block);
// Returns true if the target location is the spill slot for the given range.
bool TargetLocationIsSpillSlot(LiveRange* range, Location target);
// Update location slot corresponding to the use with location allocated for
// the use's live range.
void ConvertUseTo(UsePosition* use, Location loc);
void ConvertAllUses(LiveRange* range);
// Add live range to the list of unallocated live ranges to be processed
// by the allocator.
void AddToUnallocated(LiveRange* range);
void CompleteRange(LiveRange* range, Location::Kind kind);
#if defined(DEBUG)
bool UnallocatedIsSorted();
#endif
// Try to find a free register for an unallocated live range.
bool AllocateFreeRegister(LiveRange* unallocated);
// Try to find a register that can be used by a given live range.
// If all registers are occupied consider evicting interference for
// a register that is going to be used as far from the start of
// the unallocated live range as possible.
void AllocateAnyRegister(LiveRange* unallocated);
// Returns true if the given range has only unconstrained uses in
// the given loop.
bool RangeHasOnlyUnconstrainedUsesInLoop(LiveRange* range, intptr_t loop_id);
// Returns true if there is a register blocked by a range that
// has only unconstrained uses in the loop. Such range is a good
// eviction candidate when allocator tries to allocate loop phi.
// Spilling loop phi will have a bigger negative impact on the
// performance because it introduces multiple operations with memory
// inside the loop body and on the back edge.
bool HasCheapEvictionCandidate(LiveRange* phi_range);
bool IsCheapToEvictRegisterInLoop(LoopInfo* loop_info, intptr_t reg);
// Assign selected non-free register to an unallocated live range and
// evict any interference that can be evicted by splitting and spilling
// parts of interfering live ranges. Place non-spilled parts into
// the list of unallocated ranges.
void AssignNonFreeRegister(LiveRange* unallocated, intptr_t reg);
bool EvictIntersection(LiveRange* allocated, LiveRange* unallocated);
void RemoveEvicted(intptr_t reg, intptr_t first_evicted);
// Find first intersection between unallocated live range and
// live ranges currently allocated to the given register.
intptr_t FirstIntersectionWithAllocated(intptr_t reg, LiveRange* unallocated);
bool UpdateFreeUntil(intptr_t reg,
LiveRange* unallocated,
intptr_t* cur_free_until,
intptr_t* cur_blocked_at);
// Split given live range in an optimal position between given positions.
LiveRange* SplitBetween(LiveRange* range, intptr_t from, intptr_t to);
// Find a spill slot that can be used by the given live range.
void AllocateSpillSlotFor(LiveRange* range);
// Allocate the given live range to a spill slot.
void Spill(LiveRange* range);
// Spill the given live range from the given position onwards.
void SpillAfter(LiveRange* range, intptr_t from);
// Spill the given live range from the given position until some
// position preceding the to position.
void SpillBetween(LiveRange* range, intptr_t from, intptr_t to);
// Mark the live range as a live object pointer at all safepoints
// contained in the range.
void MarkAsObjectAtSafepoints(LiveRange* range);
MoveOperands* AddMoveAt(intptr_t pos, Location to, Location from);
Location MakeRegisterLocation(intptr_t reg) {
return Location::MachineRegisterLocation(register_kind_, reg);
}
void SplitInitialDefinitionAt(LiveRange* range, intptr_t pos);
void PrintLiveRanges();
const FlowGraph& flow_graph_;
ReachingDefs reaching_defs_;
// Representation for SSA values indexed by SSA temp index.
GrowableArray<Representation> value_representations_;
const GrowableArray<BlockEntryInstr*>& block_order_;
const GrowableArray<BlockEntryInstr*>& postorder_;
// Mapping between lifetime positions and instructions.
GrowableArray<Instruction*> instructions_;
// Mapping between lifetime positions and block entries.
GrowableArray<BlockEntryInstr*> block_entries_;
// Mapping between loops and additional information.
GrowableArray<ExtraLoopInfo*> extra_loop_info_;
SSALivenessAnalysis liveness_;
// Number of virtual registers. Currently equal to the number of
// SSA values.
const intptr_t vreg_count_;
// LiveRanges corresponding to SSA values.
GrowableArray<LiveRange*> live_ranges_;
GrowableArray<LiveRange*> unallocated_cpu_;
GrowableArray<LiveRange*> unallocated_xmm_;
LiveRange* cpu_regs_[kNumberOfCpuRegisters];
LiveRange* fpu_regs_[kNumberOfFpuRegisters];
bool blocked_cpu_registers_[kNumberOfCpuRegisters];
bool blocked_fpu_registers_[kNumberOfFpuRegisters];
#if defined(DEBUG)
GrowableArray<LiveRange*> temporaries_;
#endif
// List of spilled live ranges.
GrowableArray<LiveRange*> spilled_;
// List of instructions containing calls.
GrowableArray<Instruction*> safepoints_;
Location::Kind register_kind_;
intptr_t number_of_registers_;
// Per register lists of allocated live ranges. Contain only those
// ranges that can be affected by future allocation decisions.
// Those live ranges that end before the start of the current live range are
// removed from the list and will not be affected.
// The length of both arrays is 'number_of_registers_'
GrowableArray<ZoneGrowableArray<LiveRange*>*> registers_;
GrowableArray<bool> blocked_registers_;
// Worklist for register allocator. Always maintained sorted according
// to ShouldBeAllocatedBefore predicate.
GrowableArray<LiveRange*> unallocated_;
// List of used spill slots. Contains positions after which spill slots
// become free and can be reused for allocation.
GrowableArray<intptr_t> spill_slots_;
// For every used spill slot contains a flag determines whether it is
// QuadSpillSlot to ensure that indexes of quad and double spill slots
// are disjoint.
GrowableArray<bool> quad_spill_slots_;
// Track whether a spill slot is expected to hold a tagged or untagged value.
// This is used to keep tagged and untagged spill slots disjoint. See bug
// #18955 for details.
GrowableArray<bool> untagged_spill_slots_;
intptr_t cpu_spill_slot_count_;
const bool intrinsic_mode_;
DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(FlowGraphAllocator);
};
// UsePosition represents a single use of an SSA value by some instruction.
// It points to a location slot which either tells register allocator
// where instruction expects the value (if slot contains a fixed location) or
// asks register allocator to allocate storage (register or spill slot) for
// this use with certain properties (if slot contains an unallocated location).
class UsePosition : public ZoneAllocated {
public:
UsePosition(intptr_t pos, UsePosition* next, Location* location_slot)
: pos_(pos), location_slot_(location_slot), hint_(NULL), next_(next) {
ASSERT(location_slot != NULL);
}
Location* location_slot() const { return location_slot_; }
void set_location_slot(Location* location_slot) {
location_slot_ = location_slot;
}
Location hint() const {
ASSERT(HasHint());
return *hint_;
}
void set_hint(Location* hint) { hint_ = hint; }
bool HasHint() const { return (hint_ != NULL) && !hint_->IsUnallocated(); }
void set_next(UsePosition* next) { next_ = next; }
UsePosition* next() const { return next_; }
intptr_t pos() const { return pos_; }
private:
const intptr_t pos_;
Location* location_slot_;
Location* hint_;
UsePosition* next_;
DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(UsePosition);
};
// UseInterval represents a holeless half open interval of liveness for a given
// SSA value: [start, end) in terms of lifetime positions that
// NumberInstructions assigns to instructions. Register allocator has to keep
// a value live in the register or in a spill slot from start position and until
// the end position. The interval can cover zero or more uses.
// Note: currently all uses of the same SSA value are linked together into a
// single list (and not split between UseIntervals).
class UseInterval : public ZoneAllocated {
public:
UseInterval(intptr_t start, intptr_t end, UseInterval* next)
: start_(start), end_(end), next_(next) {}
void Print();
intptr_t start() const { return start_; }
intptr_t end() const { return end_; }
UseInterval* next() const { return next_; }
bool Contains(intptr_t pos) const {
return (start() <= pos) && (pos < end());
}
// Return the smallest position that is covered by both UseIntervals or
// kIllegalPosition if intervals do not intersect.
intptr_t Intersect(UseInterval* other);
private:
friend class LiveRange;
intptr_t start_;
intptr_t end_;
UseInterval* next_;
DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(UseInterval);
};
// AllocationFinger is used to keep track of currently active position
// for the register allocator and cache lookup results.
class AllocationFinger : public ValueObject {
public:
AllocationFinger()
: first_pending_use_interval_(NULL),
first_register_use_(NULL),
first_register_beneficial_use_(NULL),
first_hinted_use_(NULL) {}
void Initialize(LiveRange* range);
void UpdateAfterSplit(intptr_t first_use_after_split_pos);
bool Advance(intptr_t start);
UseInterval* first_pending_use_interval() const {
return first_pending_use_interval_;
}
Location FirstHint();
UsePosition* FirstRegisterUse(intptr_t after_pos);
UsePosition* FirstRegisterBeneficialUse(intptr_t after_pos);
UsePosition* FirstInterferingUse(intptr_t after_pos);
private:
UseInterval* first_pending_use_interval_;
UsePosition* first_register_use_;
UsePosition* first_register_beneficial_use_;
UsePosition* first_hinted_use_;
DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(AllocationFinger);
};
class SafepointPosition : public ZoneAllocated {
public:
SafepointPosition(intptr_t pos, LocationSummary* locs)
: pos_(pos), locs_(locs), next_(NULL) {}
void set_next(SafepointPosition* next) { next_ = next; }
SafepointPosition* next() const { return next_; }
intptr_t pos() const { return pos_; }
LocationSummary* locs() const { return locs_; }
private:
const intptr_t pos_;
LocationSummary* const locs_;
SafepointPosition* next_;
};
// LiveRange represents a sequence of UseIntervals for a given SSA value.
class LiveRange : public ZoneAllocated {
public:
explicit LiveRange(intptr_t vreg, Representation rep)
: vreg_(vreg),
representation_(rep),
assigned_location_(),
spill_slot_(),
uses_(NULL),
first_use_interval_(NULL),
last_use_interval_(NULL),
first_safepoint_(NULL),
last_safepoint_(NULL),
next_sibling_(NULL),
has_only_any_uses_in_loops_(0),
is_loop_phi_(false),
finger_() {}
intptr_t vreg() const { return vreg_; }
Representation representation() const { return representation_; }
LiveRange* next_sibling() const { return next_sibling_; }
UsePosition* first_use() const { return uses_; }
void set_first_use(UsePosition* use) { uses_ = use; }
UseInterval* first_use_interval() const { return first_use_interval_; }
UseInterval* last_use_interval() const { return last_use_interval_; }
Location assigned_location() const { return assigned_location_; }
Location* assigned_location_slot() { return &assigned_location_; }
intptr_t Start() const { return first_use_interval()->start(); }
intptr_t End() const { return last_use_interval()->end(); }
SafepointPosition* first_safepoint() const { return first_safepoint_; }
AllocationFinger* finger() { return &finger_; }
void set_assigned_location(Location location) {
assigned_location_ = location;
}
void set_spill_slot(Location spill_slot) { spill_slot_ = spill_slot; }
void DefineAt(intptr_t pos);
void AddSafepoint(intptr_t pos, LocationSummary* locs);
UsePosition* AddUse(intptr_t pos, Location* location_slot);
void AddHintedUse(intptr_t pos, Location* location_slot, Location* hint);
void AddUseInterval(intptr_t start, intptr_t end);
void Print();
LiveRange* SplitAt(intptr_t pos);
// A fast conservative check if the range might contain a given position
// -- can return true when the range does not contain the position (e.g.,
// the position lies in a lifetime hole between range start and end).
bool CanCover(intptr_t pos) const {
return (Start() <= pos) && (pos < End());
}
// True if the range contains the given position.
bool Contains(intptr_t pos) const;
Location spill_slot() const { return spill_slot_; }
bool HasOnlyUnconstrainedUsesInLoop(intptr_t loop_id) const {
if (loop_id < kMaxLoops) {
const uint64_t mask = static_cast<uint64_t>(1) << loop_id;
return (has_only_any_uses_in_loops_ & mask) != 0;
}
return false;
}
void MarkHasOnlyUnconstrainedUsesInLoop(intptr_t loop_id) {
if (loop_id < kMaxLoops) {
has_only_any_uses_in_loops_ |= static_cast<uint64_t>(1) << loop_id;
}
}
bool is_loop_phi() const { return is_loop_phi_; }
void mark_loop_phi() { is_loop_phi_ = true; }
private:
LiveRange(intptr_t vreg,
Representation rep,
UsePosition* uses,
UseInterval* first_use_interval,
UseInterval* last_use_interval,
SafepointPosition* first_safepoint,
LiveRange* next_sibling)
: vreg_(vreg),
representation_(rep),
assigned_location_(),
uses_(uses),
first_use_interval_(first_use_interval),
last_use_interval_(last_use_interval),
first_safepoint_(first_safepoint),
last_safepoint_(NULL),
next_sibling_(next_sibling),
has_only_any_uses_in_loops_(0),
is_loop_phi_(false),
finger_() {}
const intptr_t vreg_;
Representation representation_;
Location assigned_location_;
Location spill_slot_;
UsePosition* uses_;
UseInterval* first_use_interval_;
UseInterval* last_use_interval_;
SafepointPosition* first_safepoint_;
SafepointPosition* last_safepoint_;
LiveRange* next_sibling_;
static constexpr intptr_t kMaxLoops = sizeof(uint64_t) * kBitsPerByte;
uint64_t has_only_any_uses_in_loops_;
bool is_loop_phi_;
AllocationFinger finger_;
DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(LiveRange);
};
} // namespace dart
#endif // RUNTIME_VM_COMPILER_BACKEND_LINEARSCAN_H_