[_fe_analyzer_shared] Handle record types in exhaustiveness checking

This adds support for record types in the exhaustiveness algorithm.

The original algorithm was based on that record pattern would
match fields on all types, but that is no longer the case. Instead
record patterns only match corresponding to their own type. For this
reason the testing code is updated to create record spaces in relation
to a type. For instance, when the test create a record space {x: B}, it
is know create in relation to a type, say (x: A, y: A), and the create
space will therefore have (x: *, y: *) structure where the y: component
is implicitly Top, similar to how object patterns are used.

Unlike the Dart record types used for type checking and inference, the
record types used for exhaustiveness do not take the field types into
account for its subtype relation. This is avoid conclusions like
(int i, Object o) and (Object o, int i) having no values in common because
their corresponding types (int, Object) and (Object, int) are not subtypes
of each other. Instead, the subtype relation for record types used for
exhaustiveness only use the structure of the record to determine whether
two types are related.

Note though, that fields of a record type still know the type of the field.
This is used when expanded a record type into a space; the field spaces
will be derived from the field types in this case.

Change-Id: I84735d827494bcf384fd5f419d71933830ff5d15
Reviewed-on: https://dart-review.googlesource.com/c/sdk/+/283182
Reviewed-by: Paul Berry <paulberry@google.com>
Commit-Queue: Johnni Winther <johnniwinther@google.com>