Adding the `resource-identifier` functionality from the compiler to the
vm.

This identifies all calls to static methods annotated with
`@ResourceIdentifier`, collects the constant arguments passed to the
method, and writes the results into a file.

The purpose of this feature is to be able to pass the recorded
information to packages in a post-compilation step, allowing them to
remove or modify assets based on the actual usage in the code prior to
bundling in the final application.

Tested: pkg/vm/test/transformations/resource_identifier_test.dart
Change-Id: I58cb313b66ee23c1d154dcc242547723a1ced359
Reviewed-on: https://dart-review.googlesource.com/c/sdk/+/329961
Commit-Queue: Moritz Sümmermann <mosum@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Nate Bosch <nbosch@google.com>