[vm/ffi] Add `_Compound` `_offsetInBytes` field

This CL changes compounds (structs, unions, and arrays) to be backed
by a TypedDataBase and an int offset.

Before this CL, the compounds where only backed by a TypedDataBase.
This leads to the following issues:

1. Access to nested structs required code for allocating new typed data
   views or pointers, which the optimizer then had to prevent from
   being allocated after inlining.
2. Runtime branching on whether the TypedDataBase was a Pointer or
   TypedData increased code size and prevented inlining.
   https://github.com/dart-lang/sdk/issues/54892
   This could not be properly optimized if in AOT both typed
   data and pointer were flowing into the same compound.
3. Constructing TypedData views required calculating the length of the
   view.

After this CL, accessing nested compounds will lead to accesses on the
original TypedDataBase with an extra offset.

This removes the polymorphism on TypedData vs Pointer, because the
final int/float/Pointer accesses in nested compounds operate on
TypedDataBase.

Also, it simplifies creating an `offsetBy` accessor, because it will
no longer have to be polymorphic in typed data vs pointer, nor will it
have to calculate the length of the field.

Implementation details:

* The changes in the CFE and patch files are straightforward.
* VM: Struct-by-value returns (or callback params) are initialized
  with an offsetInBytes of 0.
* VM: Struct-by-value arguments (and callback return) need to read out
  the offsetInBytes. Before this CL we were passing in the TypedData
  as tagged value. With this CL we are passing the TypedData as tagged
  value and the offset as unboxed int, from 1 IL input to 2 IL
  inputs. (The alternative would have been to take the compound as
  a tagged value, but that would have prevented optimizations from not
  allocating the compound object in the optimizer.
  The FfiCallInstr is updated to have two definitions for the case
  where we were passing in the TypedData previously.
  The NativeReturnInstr is refactored to be able to take two inputs
  instead of 1. (Note that we don't have VariadicInstr only
  VariadicDefinition in the code base. So the instruction is _not_
  implemented as variadic, rather as having a fixed length of 2.)
* dart2wasm does no longer support nested compounds due to the
  compound implementation only storing a pointer address.
  https://github.com/dart-lang/sdk/issues/55083

Intending to land this after
https://dart-review.googlesource.com/c/sdk/+/353101.

TEST=test/ffi

CoreLibraryReviewExempt: VM and WASM-only implementation change.
Closes: https://github.com/dart-lang/sdk/issues/54892
Bug: https://github.com/dart-lang/sdk/issues/44589
Change-Id: I8749e21094bf8fa2d5ff1e48b6b002c375232eb5
Cq-Include-Trybots: dart-internal/g3.dart-internal.try:g3-cbuild-try
Cq-Include-Trybots: dart/try:vm-aot-android-release-arm64c-try,vm-aot-android-release-arm_x64-try,vm-aot-linux-debug-x64-try,vm-aot-linux-debug-x64c-try,vm-aot-mac-release-arm64-try,vm-aot-mac-release-x64-try,vm-aot-obfuscate-linux-release-x64-try,vm-aot-optimization-level-linux-release-x64-try,vm-aot-win-debug-arm64-try,vm-aot-win-debug-x64-try,vm-aot-win-debug-x64c-try,vm-appjit-linux-debug-x64-try,vm-asan-linux-release-x64-try,vm-checked-mac-release-arm64-try,vm-eager-optimization-linux-release-ia32-try,vm-eager-optimization-linux-release-x64-try,vm-ffi-android-debug-arm-try,vm-ffi-android-debug-arm64c-try,vm-ffi-qemu-linux-release-arm-try,vm-ffi-qemu-linux-release-riscv64-try,vm-fuchsia-release-x64-try,vm-linux-debug-ia32-try,vm-linux-debug-x64-try,vm-linux-debug-x64c-try,vm-mac-debug-arm64-try,vm-mac-debug-x64-try,vm-msan-linux-release-x64-try,vm-reload-linux-debug-x64-try,vm-reload-rollback-linux-debug-x64-try,vm-ubsan-linux-release-x64-try,vm-win-debug-arm64-try,vm-win-debug-x64-try,vm-win-debug-x64c-try,vm-win-release-ia32-try
Reviewed-on: https://dart-review.googlesource.com/c/sdk/+/354226
Reviewed-by: Tess Strickland <sstrickl@google.com>
71 files changed
tree: 4c4fc55eef348e333c11845dbee010fa9e64e9d4
  1. .dart_tool/
  2. .github/
  3. benchmarks/
  4. build/
  5. docs/
  6. pkg/
  7. runtime/
  8. samples/
  9. sdk/
  10. tests/
  11. third_party/
  12. tools/
  13. utils/
  14. .clang-format
  15. .gitattributes
  16. .gitconfig
  17. .gitignore
  18. .gn
  19. .mailmap
  20. .style.yapf
  21. AUTHORS
  22. BUILD.gn
  23. CHANGELOG.md
  24. codereview.settings
  25. CONTRIBUTING.md
  26. DEPS
  27. LICENSE
  28. OWNERS
  29. PATENT_GRANT
  30. PRESUBMIT.py
  31. README.dart-sdk
  32. README.md
  33. sdk.code-workspace
  34. sdk_args.gni
  35. SECURITY.md
  36. WATCHLISTS
README.md

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