// Copyright (c) 2019, the Dart project authors.  Please see the AUTHORS file
// for details. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a
// BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

#include "vm/compiler/backend/il_serializer.h"

#include "vm/compiler/backend/flow_graph.h"
#include "vm/compiler/backend/il.h"
#include "vm/compiler/backend/range_analysis.h"
#include "vm/compiler/method_recognizer.h"
#include "vm/object_store.h"
#include "vm/os.h"
#include "vm/zone_text_buffer.h"

namespace dart {

DEFINE_FLAG(bool,
            serialize_flow_graph_types,
            true,
            "Serialize inferred type information in flow graphs");

DEFINE_FLAG(bool,
            verbose_flow_graph_serialization,
            false,
            "Serialize extra information useful for debugging");

DEFINE_FLAG(bool,
            pretty_print_serialization,
            false,
            "Format serialized output nicely");

DECLARE_FLAG(bool, populate_llvm_constant_pool);

const char* const FlowGraphSerializer::initial_indent = "";

FlowGraphSerializer::FlowGraphSerializer(Zone* zone,
                                         const FlowGraph* flow_graph)
    : flow_graph_(ASSERT_NOTNULL(flow_graph)),
      zone_(zone),
      object_store_(flow_graph->thread()->isolate()->object_store()),
      open_recursive_types_(zone_),
      llvm_constants_(
          GrowableObjectArray::Handle(zone_,
                                      object_store_->llvm_constant_pool())),
      llvm_functions_(
          GrowableObjectArray::Handle(zone_,
                                      object_store_->llvm_function_pool())),
      llvm_constant_map_(zone_, object_store_->llvm_constant_hash_table()),
      llvm_index_(Smi::Handle(zone_)),
      tmp_string_(String::Handle(zone_)),
      array_type_args_((TypeArguments::Handle(zone_))),
      closure_context_(Context::Handle(zone_)),
      closure_function_(Function::Handle(zone_)),
      closure_type_args_(TypeArguments::Handle(zone_)),
      code_owner_(Object::Handle(zone_)),
      context_parent_(Context::Handle(zone_)),
      context_elem_(Object::Handle(zone_)),
      function_type_args_(TypeArguments::Handle(zone_)),
      ic_data_target_(Function::Handle(zone_)),
      ic_data_type_(AbstractType::Handle(zone_)),
      instance_field_(Field::Handle(zone_)),
      instance_type_args_(TypeArguments::Handle(zone_)),
      serialize_library_(Library::Handle(zone_)),
      serialize_owner_(Class::Handle(zone_)),
      serialize_parent_(Function::Handle(zone_)),
      type_arguments_elem_(AbstractType::Handle(zone_)),
      type_class_(Class::Handle(zone_)),
      type_function_(Function::Handle(zone_)),
      type_ref_type_(AbstractType::Handle(zone_)) {
  // Double-check that the zone in the flow graph is a parent of the
  // zone we'll be using for serialization.
  ASSERT(flow_graph->zone()->ContainsNestedZone(zone));
}

FlowGraphSerializer::~FlowGraphSerializer() {
  object_store_->set_llvm_constant_hash_table(llvm_constant_map_.Release());
}

void FlowGraphSerializer::SerializeToBuffer(Zone* zone,
                                            const FlowGraph* flow_graph,
                                            BaseTextBuffer* buffer) {
  ASSERT(buffer != nullptr);
  auto const sexp = SerializeToSExp(zone, flow_graph);
  if (FLAG_pretty_print_serialization) {
    sexp->SerializeTo(zone, buffer, initial_indent);
  } else {
    sexp->SerializeToLine(buffer);
  }
  buffer->AddString("\n\n");
}

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::SerializeToSExp(Zone* zone,
                                                  const FlowGraph* flow_graph) {
  FlowGraphSerializer serializer(zone, flow_graph);
  return serializer.FlowGraphToSExp();
}

#define KIND_STR(name) #name,
static const char* block_entry_kind_tags[FlowGraphSerializer::kNumEntryKinds] =
    {FOR_EACH_BLOCK_ENTRY_KIND(KIND_STR)};
#undef KIND_STR

FlowGraphSerializer::BlockEntryKind FlowGraphSerializer::BlockEntryTagToKind(
    SExpSymbol* tag) {
  if (tag == nullptr) return kTarget;
  auto const str = tag->value();
  for (intptr_t i = 0; i < kNumEntryKinds; i++) {
    auto const current = block_entry_kind_tags[i];
    if (strcmp(str, current) == 0) return static_cast<BlockEntryKind>(i);
  }
  return kInvalid;
}

void FlowGraphSerializer::AddBool(SExpList* sexp, bool b) {
  sexp->Add(new (zone()) SExpBool(b));
}

void FlowGraphSerializer::AddInteger(SExpList* sexp, intptr_t i) {
  sexp->Add(new (zone()) SExpInteger(i));
}

void FlowGraphSerializer::AddString(SExpList* sexp, const char* cstr) {
  sexp->Add(new (zone()) SExpString(cstr));
}

void FlowGraphSerializer::AddSymbol(SExpList* sexp, const char* cstr) {
  sexp->Add(new (zone()) SExpSymbol(cstr));
}

void FlowGraphSerializer::AddExtraBool(SExpList* sexp,
                                       const char* label,
                                       bool b) {
  sexp->AddExtra(label, new (zone()) SExpBool(b));
}

void FlowGraphSerializer::AddExtraInteger(SExpList* sexp,
                                          const char* label,
                                          intptr_t i) {
  sexp->AddExtra(label, new (zone()) SExpInteger(i));
}

void FlowGraphSerializer::AddExtraString(SExpList* sexp,
                                         const char* label,
                                         const char* cstr) {
  sexp->AddExtra(label, new (zone()) SExpString(cstr));
}

void FlowGraphSerializer::AddExtraSymbol(SExpList* sexp,
                                         const char* label,
                                         const char* cstr) {
  sexp->AddExtra(label, new (zone()) SExpSymbol(cstr));
}

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::BlockIdToSExp(intptr_t block_id) {
  return new (zone()) SExpSymbol(OS::SCreate(zone(), "B%" Pd "", block_id));
}

void FlowGraphSerializer::SerializeCanonicalName(BaseTextBuffer* b,
                                                 const Object& obj) {
  ASSERT(!obj.IsNull());
  if (obj.IsFunction()) {
    const auto& function = Function::Cast(obj);
    tmp_string_ = function.name();
    // We only want private keys removed, no other changes.
    tmp_string_ = String::RemovePrivateKey(tmp_string_);
    const char* function_name = tmp_string_.ToCString();
    // If this function is an inner closure then the parent points to its
    // containing function, which will also be part of the canonical name.
    //
    // We retrieve the owner before retrieving the parent function, as the
    // inner closure chain may be arbitrarily deep and serialize_parent_ is
    // passed in on recursive calls. When it is, then changing serialize_parent_
    // to the parent function also changes the contents of obj and thus we'd
    // no longer be able to retrieve the child function or its owner.
    //
    // This does mean that serialize_owner_ gets overwritten for each recursive
    // call until we reach the end of the chain, but we only use its contents at
    // the end of the chain anyway.
    serialize_owner_ = function.Owner();
    serialize_parent_ = function.parent_function();
    if (!serialize_parent_.IsNull()) {
      SerializeCanonicalName(b, serialize_parent_);
    } else {
      ASSERT(!serialize_owner_.IsNull());
      SerializeCanonicalName(b, serialize_owner_);
    }
    b->Printf(":%s", function_name);
  } else if (obj.IsClass()) {
    const auto& cls = Class::Cast(obj);
    tmp_string_ = cls.ScrubbedName();
    const char* class_name = tmp_string_.ToCString();
    serialize_library_ = cls.library();
    if (!serialize_library_.IsNull()) {
      SerializeCanonicalName(b, serialize_library_);
    }
    b->Printf(":%s", class_name);
  } else if (obj.IsLibrary()) {
    const Library& lib = Library::Cast(obj);
    tmp_string_ = lib.url();
    const char* lib_name = tmp_string_.ToCString();
    if (lib_name[0] == '\0') return;
    b->AddString(lib_name);
  } else if (obj.IsField()) {
    const auto& field = Field::Cast(obj);
    tmp_string_ = field.UserVisibleName();
    const char* field_name = tmp_string_.ToCString();
    serialize_owner_ = field.Owner();
    ASSERT(!serialize_owner_.IsNull());
    SerializeCanonicalName(b, serialize_owner_);
    b->Printf(".%s", field_name);
  } else {
    UNREACHABLE();
  }
}

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::CanonicalNameToSExp(const Object& obj) {
  ASSERT(!obj.IsNull());
  ZoneTextBuffer b(zone_, 100);
  SerializeCanonicalName(&b, obj);
  return new (zone()) SExpSymbol(b.buffer());
}

SExpSymbol* FlowGraphSerializer::BlockEntryKindToTag(BlockEntryKind k) {
  ASSERT(k >= 0 && k < kNumEntryKinds);
  return new (zone()) SExpSymbol(block_entry_kind_tags[k]);
}

#define KIND_TAG(name) block_entry_kind_tags[k##name]
SExpSymbol* FlowGraphSerializer::BlockEntryTag(const BlockEntryInstr* entry) {
  if (entry == nullptr) return nullptr;
  if (entry->IsGraphEntry()) {
    return BlockEntryKindToTag(kGraph);
  }
  if (entry->IsOsrEntry()) {
    return BlockEntryKindToTag(kOSR);
  }
  if (entry->IsCatchBlockEntry()) {
    return BlockEntryKindToTag(kCatch);
  }
  if (entry->IsIndirectEntry()) {
    return BlockEntryKindToTag(kIndirect);
  }
  if (entry->IsFunctionEntry()) {
    if (entry == flow_graph()->graph_entry()->normal_entry()) {
      return BlockEntryKindToTag(kNormal);
    }
    if (entry == flow_graph()->graph_entry()->unchecked_entry()) {
      return BlockEntryKindToTag(kUnchecked);
    }
  }
  if (entry->IsJoinEntry()) {
    return BlockEntryKindToTag(kJoin);
  }
  return nullptr;
}
#undef KIND_TAG

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::FunctionEntryToSExp(
    const BlockEntryInstr* entry) {
  if (entry == nullptr) return nullptr;
  auto sexp = new (zone()) SExpList(zone());
  sexp->Add(BlockEntryTag(entry));
  sexp->Add(BlockIdToSExp(entry->block_id()));
  if (auto const with_defs = entry->AsBlockEntryWithInitialDefs()) {
    auto const initial_defs = with_defs->initial_definitions();
    for (intptr_t i = 0; i < initial_defs->length(); i++) {
      sexp->Add(initial_defs->At(i)->ToSExpression(this));
    }
  }

  // Also include the extra info here, to avoid having to find the
  // corresponding block to get it.
  entry->BlockEntryInstr::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, this);

  return sexp;
}

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::EntriesToSExp(const GraphEntryInstr* start) {
  auto sexp = new (zone()) SExpList(zone());
  AddSymbol(sexp, "Entries");
  if (auto const normal = FunctionEntryToSExp(start->normal_entry())) {
    sexp->Add(normal);
  }
  if (auto const unchecked = FunctionEntryToSExp(start->unchecked_entry())) {
    sexp->Add(unchecked);
  }
  if (auto const osr = FunctionEntryToSExp(start->osr_entry())) {
    sexp->Add(osr);
  }
  for (intptr_t i = 0; i < start->catch_entries().length(); i++) {
    sexp->Add(FunctionEntryToSExp(start->catch_entries().At(i)));
  }
  for (intptr_t i = 0; i < start->indirect_entries().length(); i++) {
    sexp->Add(FunctionEntryToSExp(start->indirect_entries().At(i)));
  }
  return sexp;
}

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::FlowGraphToSExp() {
  auto const start = flow_graph()->graph_entry();
  auto const sexp = new (zone()) SExpList(zone());
  AddSymbol(sexp, "FlowGraph");
  sexp->Add(CanonicalNameToSExp(flow_graph()->function()));
  AddExtraInteger(sexp, "deopt_id", start->deopt_id());
  if (start->env() != nullptr) {
    sexp->AddExtra("env", start->env()->ToSExpression(this));
  }
  if (start->IsCompiledForOsr()) {
    AddExtraInteger(sexp, "osr_id", start->osr_id());
  }
  if (auto const constants = ConstantPoolToSExp(start)) {
    sexp->Add(constants);
  }
  sexp->Add(EntriesToSExp(start));
  auto& block_order = flow_graph()->reverse_postorder();
  // Skip the first block, which will be the graph entry block (B0). We
  // output all its information as part of the function expression, so it'll
  // just show up as an empty block here.
  ASSERT(block_order[0]->IsGraphEntry());
  for (intptr_t i = 1; i < block_order.length(); ++i) {
    sexp->Add(block_order[i]->ToSExpression(this));
  }
  if (FLAG_populate_llvm_constant_pool) {
    auto const new_index = llvm_functions_.Length();
    llvm_functions_.Add(flow_graph_->function());
    AddExtraInteger(sexp, "llvm_index", new_index);
  }
  return sexp;
}

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::UseToSExp(const Definition* definition) {
  ASSERT(definition != nullptr);
  ASSERT(definition->HasSSATemp() || definition->HasTemp());
  if (definition->HasSSATemp()) {
    const intptr_t temp_index = definition->ssa_temp_index();
    const auto name_cstr = OS::SCreate(zone(), "v%" Pd "", temp_index);
    if (definition->HasPairRepresentation()) {
      auto sexp = new (zone()) SExpList(zone());
      AddSymbol(sexp, name_cstr);
      AddSymbol(sexp, OS::SCreate(zone(), "v%" Pd "", temp_index + 1));
      return sexp;
    } else {
      return new (zone()) SExpSymbol(name_cstr);
    }
  } else if (definition->HasTemp()) {
    const intptr_t temp_index = definition->temp_index();
    return new (zone()) SExpSymbol(OS::SCreate(zone(), "t%" Pd "", temp_index));
  }
  UNREACHABLE();
}

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::ClassToSExp(const Class& cls) {
  if (cls.IsNull()) return nullptr;
  auto sexp = new (zone()) SExpList(zone());
  AddSymbol(sexp, "Class");
  AddInteger(sexp, cls.id());
  if (FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    sexp->AddExtra("name", CanonicalNameToSExp(cls));
    // Currently, AbstractTypeToSExp assumes that serializing a class cannot
    // re-enter it. If we make that possible by serializing parts of a class
    // that can contain AbstractTypes, especially types that are not type
    // parameters or type references, fix AbstractTypeToSExp appropriately.
  }
  return sexp;
}

static bool ShouldSerializeType(CompileType* type) {
  return (FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization ||
          FLAG_serialize_flow_graph_types) &&
         type != nullptr;
}

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::FieldToSExp(const Field& field) {
  if (field.IsNull()) return nullptr;
  auto sexp = new (zone()) SExpList(zone());
  AddSymbol(sexp, "Field");
  sexp->Add(CanonicalNameToSExp(field));
  CompileType t(field.is_nullable(), field.guarded_cid(), nullptr);
  if (ShouldSerializeType(&t)) {
    sexp->AddExtra("type", t.ToSExpression(this));
  }
  return sexp;
}

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::AbstractTypeToSExp(const AbstractType& t) {
  if (t.IsNull()) return nullptr;
  ASSERT(t.IsFinalized());
  auto sexp = new (zone()) SExpList(zone());
  if (t.IsTypeParameter()) {
    const auto& param = TypeParameter::Cast(t);
    AddSymbol(sexp, "TypeParameter");
    tmp_string_ = param.name();
    AddSymbol(sexp, tmp_string_.ToCString());
    if (param.IsFunctionTypeParameter()) {
      if (param.parameterized_function() != flow_graph_->function().raw()) {
        type_function_ = param.parameterized_function();
        sexp->AddExtra("function", CanonicalNameToSExp(type_function_));
      } else if (FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
        sexp->AddExtra("function",
                       CanonicalNameToSExp(flow_graph_->function()));
      }
    } else if (param.IsClassTypeParameter()) {
      type_class_ = param.parameterized_class();
      AddExtraInteger(sexp, "class", type_class_.id());
    }
    return sexp;
  }
  if (t.IsTypeRef()) {
    const auto& ref = TypeRef::Cast(t);
    AddSymbol(sexp, "TypeRef");
    type_ref_type_ = ref.type();
    auto const hash = type_ref_type_.Hash();
    // Check to see if this is a TypeRef to a type we're currently serializing.
    // If it is not, then we need to serialize the underlying type, as it
    // otherwise won't be available when deserializing.
    auto const open_type = open_recursive_types_.LookupValue(hash);
    if (open_type == nullptr) {
      // Allocate a new handle as we may re-enter the TypeRef branch.
      auto& type = AbstractType::Handle(zone(), ref.type());
      sexp->Add(AbstractTypeToSExp(type));
      // If we serialized the referrent, then we don't need this information,
      // but it may be useful for debugging so add it in verbose mode.
      if (FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
        AddExtraInteger(sexp, "hash", hash);
      }
    } else {
      // Make sure we didn't have a hash collision.
      ASSERT(open_type->Equals(type_ref_type_));
      AddExtraInteger(sexp, "hash", hash);
    }
    if (FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
      AddExtraString(sexp, "type", type_ref_type_.ToCString());
    }
    return sexp;
  }
  ASSERT(t.IsType());
  AddSymbol(sexp, "Type");
  const auto& type = Type::Cast(t);
  if (!type.token_pos().IsNoSource()) {
    AddExtraInteger(sexp, "token_pos", type.token_pos().value());
  }
  // We want to check for the type being recursive before we may serialize
  // any sub-parts that include possible TypeRefs to this type.
  const bool is_recursive = type.IsRecursive();
  intptr_t hash = 0;
  if (is_recursive) {
    hash = type.Hash();
    AddExtraInteger(sexp, "hash", hash);
    open_recursive_types_.Insert(hash, &type);
  }
  if (type.HasTypeClass()) {
    type_class_ = type.type_class();
    // This avoids re-entry as long as serializing a class doesn't involve
    // serializing concrete (non-parameter, non-reference) types.
    sexp->Add(DartValueToSExp(type_class_));
  } else {
    // TODO(dartbug.com/36882): Actually structure non-class types instead of
    // just printing out this version.
    AddExtraString(sexp, "name", type.ToCString());
  }
  if (type.IsFunctionType()) {
    type_function_ = type.signature();
    sexp->AddExtra("signature", DartValueToSExp(type_function_));
  }
  // Since type arguments may themselves be instantiations of generic
  // types, we may call back into this function in the middle of printing
  // the TypeArguments and so we must allocate a fresh handle here.
  const auto& args = TypeArguments::Handle(zone(), type.arguments());
  if (auto const args_sexp = NonEmptyTypeArgumentsToSExp(args)) {
    sexp->AddExtra("type_args", args_sexp);
  }
  // If we were parsing a recursive type, we're now done building it, so
  // remove it from the open recursive types.
  if (is_recursive) open_recursive_types_.Remove(hash);
  return sexp;
}

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::CodeToSExp(const Code& code) {
  if (code.IsNull()) return nullptr;
  auto sexp = new (zone()) SExpList(zone());
  AddSymbol(sexp, "Code");
  if (code.IsStubCode()) {
    AddSymbol(sexp, StubCode::NameOfStub(code.EntryPoint()));
    if (FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
      AddExtraSymbol(sexp, "kind", "stub");
    }
    return sexp;
  }
  code_owner_ = code.owner();
  if (!code_owner_.IsNull() && FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    if (code_owner_.IsClass()) {
      AddExtraSymbol(sexp, "kind", "allocate");
    } else if (code_owner_.IsAbstractType()) {
      AddExtraSymbol(sexp, "kind", "type_test");
    } else {
      ASSERT(code_owner_.IsFunction());
      AddExtraSymbol(sexp, "kind", "function");
    }
  }
  sexp->Add(DartValueToSExp(code_owner_));
  return sexp;
}

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::TypeArgumentsToSExp(const TypeArguments& ta) {
  if (ta.IsNull()) return nullptr;
  auto sexp = new (zone()) SExpList(zone());
  AddSymbol(sexp, "TypeArguments");
  for (intptr_t i = 0; i < ta.Length(); i++) {
    type_arguments_elem_ = ta.TypeAt(i);
    sexp->Add(DartValueToSExp(type_arguments_elem_));
  }
  if (FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization && ta.IsRecursive()) {
    AddExtraInteger(sexp, "hash", ta.Hash());
  }
  return sexp;
}

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::InstanceToSExp(const Instance& inst) {
  if (inst.IsNull()) return nullptr;

  // Since InstanceToSExp may use ObjectToSExp (via DartValueToSExp) for field
  // values that aren't entries in the constant pool, and ObjectToSExp may
  // re-enter InstanceToSExp, allocate fresh handles here for the argument to
  // DartValueToSExp and other handles that are live across the call.
  const auto& instance_class = Class::Handle(zone(), inst.clazz());
  const auto& instance_fields_array =
      Array::Handle(zone(), instance_class.fields());
  auto& instance_field_value = Object::Handle(zone());

  auto const sexp = new (zone()) SExpList(zone());
  AddSymbol(sexp, "Instance");
  AddInteger(sexp, instance_class.id());
  auto const fields = new (zone()) SExpList(zone());
  AddSymbol(fields, "Fields");
  for (intptr_t i = 0; i < instance_fields_array.Length(); i++) {
    instance_field_ = Field::RawCast(instance_fields_array.At(i));
    // We don't need to serialize static fields, since they're shared by
    // all instances.
    if (instance_field_.is_static()) continue;
    // We should only be getting const instances, which means that we
    // should only see final instance fields.
    ASSERT(instance_field_.is_final());
    tmp_string_ = instance_field_.UserVisibleName();
    auto const label = tmp_string_.ToCString();
    instance_field_value = inst.GetField(instance_field_);
    fields->AddExtra(label, DartValueToSExp(instance_field_value));
  }
  if (fields->ExtraLength() != 0 || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    sexp->Add(fields);
  }
  if (instance_class.IsGeneric()) {
    instance_type_args_ = inst.GetTypeArguments();
    if (auto const args = NonEmptyTypeArgumentsToSExp(instance_type_args_)) {
      sexp->AddExtra("type_args", args);
    }
  }
  if (FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    AddExtraInteger(sexp, "size", inst.InstanceSize());
    // We know the following won't call back into InstanceToSExp because we're
    // providing it a class.
    if (auto const cls = DartValueToSExp(instance_class)) {
      sexp->AddExtra("class", cls);
    }
  }
  return sexp;
}

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::FunctionToSExp(const Function& func) {
  if (func.IsNull()) return nullptr;
  auto const sexp = new (zone()) SExpList(zone());
  AddSymbol(sexp, "Function");
  sexp->Add(CanonicalNameToSExp(func));
  if (func.IsRecognized()) {
    AddExtraSymbol(sexp, "recognized",
                   MethodRecognizer::KindToCString(func.recognized_kind()));
  }
  if (func.is_native()) {
    tmp_string_ = func.native_name();
    if (!tmp_string_.IsNull()) {
      AddExtraSymbol(sexp, "native_name", tmp_string_.ToCString());
    }
  }
  if (func.kind() != FunctionLayout::Kind::kRegularFunction ||
      FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    AddExtraSymbol(sexp, "kind", FunctionLayout::KindToCString(func.kind()));
  }
  function_type_args_ = func.type_parameters();
  if (auto const ta_sexp = NonEmptyTypeArgumentsToSExp(function_type_args_)) {
    sexp->AddExtra("type_args", ta_sexp);
  }
  return sexp;
}

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::ArrayToSExp(const Array& arr) {
  if (arr.IsNull()) return nullptr;
  // We should only be getting immutable lists when serializing Dart values
  // in flow graphs.
  ASSERT(arr.IsImmutable());
  auto sexp = new (zone()) SExpList(zone());
  AddSymbol(sexp, "ImmutableList");
  // We allocate a new Object handle to use for the calls to DartValueToSExp
  // in case any Array elements contain non-constant-pool, non-empty Arrays.
  auto& array_elem = Object::Handle(zone());
  for (intptr_t i = 0; i < arr.Length(); i++) {
    array_elem = arr.At(i);
    sexp->Add(DartValueToSExp(array_elem));
  }
  array_type_args_ = arr.GetTypeArguments();
  if (auto const type_args_sexp = TypeArgumentsToSExp(array_type_args_)) {
    sexp->AddExtra("type_args", type_args_sexp);
  }
  return sexp;
}

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::ClosureToSExp(const Closure& c) {
  if (c.IsNull()) return nullptr;
  auto sexp = new (zone()) SExpList(zone());
  AddSymbol(sexp, "Closure");
  closure_function_ = c.function();
  if (auto const func = FunctionToSExp(closure_function_)) {
    sexp->Add(func);
  }
  closure_context_ = c.context();
  if (auto const context = ContextToSExp(closure_context_)) {
    sexp->AddExtra("context", context);
  }
  closure_type_args_ = c.function_type_arguments();
  if (auto const type_args = NonEmptyTypeArgumentsToSExp(closure_type_args_)) {
    sexp->AddExtra("func_type_args", type_args);
  }
  closure_type_args_ = c.instantiator_type_arguments();
  if (auto const type_args = NonEmptyTypeArgumentsToSExp(closure_type_args_)) {
    sexp->AddExtra("inst_type_args", type_args);
  }
  closure_type_args_ = c.delayed_type_arguments();
  if (auto const type_args = NonEmptyTypeArgumentsToSExp(closure_type_args_)) {
    sexp->AddExtra("delayed_type_args", type_args);
  }
  return sexp;
}

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::ContextToSExp(const Context& c) {
  if (c.IsNull()) return nullptr;
  auto sexp = new (zone()) SExpList(zone());
  AddSymbol(sexp, "Context");
  for (intptr_t i = 0; i < c.num_variables(); i++) {
    context_elem_ = c.At(i);
    auto const elem_sexp = DartValueToSExp(context_elem_);
    if (elem_sexp == nullptr) return nullptr;
    sexp->Add(elem_sexp);
  }
  context_parent_ = c.parent();
  if (auto const parent_sexp = ContextToSExp(context_parent_)) {
    sexp->AddExtra("parent", parent_sexp);
  }
  return sexp;
}

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::ObjectToSExp(const Object& dartval) {
  if (dartval.IsNull()) {
    return new (zone()) SExpSymbol("null");
  }
  if (dartval.raw() == Object::sentinel().raw()) {
    return new (zone()) SExpSymbol("sentinel");
  }
  if (dartval.IsString()) {
    return new (zone()) SExpString(dartval.ToCString());
  }
  if (dartval.IsSmi()) {
    return new (zone()) SExpInteger(Smi::Cast(dartval).Value());
  }
  if (dartval.IsMint()) {
    return new (zone()) SExpInteger(Mint::Cast(dartval).value());
  }
  if (dartval.IsBool()) {
    return new (zone()) SExpBool(Bool::Cast(dartval).value());
  }
  if (dartval.IsDouble()) {
    return new (zone()) SExpDouble(Double::Cast(dartval).value());
  }
  if (dartval.IsField()) {
    return FieldToSExp(Field::Cast(dartval));
  }
  if (dartval.IsClass()) {
    return ClassToSExp(Class::Cast(dartval));
  }
  if (dartval.IsTypeArguments()) {
    return TypeArgumentsToSExp(TypeArguments::Cast(dartval));
  }
  if (dartval.IsCode()) {
    return CodeToSExp(Code::Cast(dartval));
  }
  if (dartval.IsArray()) {
    return ArrayToSExp(Array::Cast(dartval));
  }
  if (dartval.IsFunction()) {
    return FunctionToSExp(Function::Cast(dartval));
  }
  if (dartval.IsClosure()) {
    return ClosureToSExp(Closure::Cast(dartval));
  }
  if (dartval.IsAbstractType()) {
    return AbstractTypeToSExp(AbstractType::Cast(dartval));
  }
  ASSERT(dartval.IsInstance());
  return InstanceToSExp(Instance::Cast(dartval));
}

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::DartValueToSExp(const Object& obj) {
  if (auto const def = flow_graph()->GetExistingConstant(obj)) {
    ASSERT(def->IsDefinition());
    return UseToSExp(def->AsDefinition());
  }
  return ObjectToSExp(obj);
}

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::NonEmptyTypeArgumentsToSExp(
    const TypeArguments& ta) {
  if (ta.IsNull() || ta.Length() == 0) return nullptr;
  return DartValueToSExp(ta);
}

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::ConstantPoolToSExp(
    const GraphEntryInstr* start) {
  auto const initial_defs = start->initial_definitions();
  if (initial_defs == nullptr || initial_defs->is_empty()) return nullptr;
  auto constant_list = new (zone()) SExpList(zone());
  AddSymbol(constant_list, "Constants");
  for (intptr_t i = 0; i < initial_defs->length(); i++) {
    ASSERT(initial_defs->At(i)->IsConstant());
    auto const definition = initial_defs->At(i)->AsDefinition();
    auto elem = new (zone()) SExpList(zone());
    AddSymbol(elem, "def");
    elem->Add(UseToSExp(definition));
    // Use ObjectToSExp here, not DartValueToSExp!
    const auto& value = definition->AsConstant()->value();
    elem->Add(ObjectToSExp(value));
    AddDefinitionExtraInfoToSExp(definition, elem);
    // Only add constants to the LLVM constant pool that are actually used in
    // the flow graph.
    if (FLAG_populate_llvm_constant_pool && definition->HasUses()) {
      auto const pool_len = llvm_constants_.Length();
      llvm_index_ = Smi::New(pool_len);
      llvm_index_ ^= llvm_constant_map_.InsertOrGetValue(value, llvm_index_);
      if (llvm_index_.Value() == pool_len) {
        llvm_constants_.Add(value);
      }
      AddExtraInteger(elem, "llvm_index", llvm_index_.Value());
    }
    constant_list->Add(elem);
  }
  return constant_list;
}

SExpression* Instruction::ToSExpression(FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  auto sexp = new (s->zone()) SExpList(s->zone());
  s->AddSymbol(sexp, DebugName());
  AddOperandsToSExpression(sexp, s);
  AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);
  return sexp;
}

SExpression* BlockEntryInstr::ToSExpression(FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  auto sexp = new (s->zone()) SExpList(s->zone());
  s->AddSymbol(sexp, "Block");
  sexp->Add(s->BlockIdToSExp(block_id()));
  AddOperandsToSExpression(sexp, s);
  AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);
  return sexp;
}

void BlockEntryInstr::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                                FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  Instruction::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);
  if (try_index() != kInvalidTryIndex) {
    s->AddExtraInteger(sexp, "try_index", try_index());
  }
  if (auto const entry_tag = s->BlockEntryTag(this)) {
    sexp->AddExtra("block_type", entry_tag);
  }
  if (FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    if (PredecessorCount() > 0) {
      auto const preds = new (s->zone()) SExpList(s->zone());
      for (intptr_t i = 0; i < PredecessorCount(); i++) {
        preds->Add(s->BlockIdToSExp(PredecessorAt(i)->block_id()));
      }
      sexp->AddExtra("predecessors", preds);
    }
  }
}

void BlockEntryInstr::AddOperandsToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                               FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  for (const auto* inst = next_; inst != nullptr; inst = inst->next_) {
    sexp->Add(inst->ToSExpression(s));
  }
}

void JoinEntryInstr::AddOperandsToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                              FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  if (auto phi_list = phis()) {
    for (intptr_t i = 0; i < phi_list->length(); i++) {
      sexp->Add(phi_list->At(i)->ToSExpression(s));
    }
  }
  BlockEntryInstr::AddOperandsToSExpression(sexp, s);
}

void Instruction::AddOperandsToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                           FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  for (intptr_t i = 0; i < InputCount(); ++i) {
    if (InputAt(i) == nullptr) continue;
    sexp->Add(InputAt(i)->ToSExpression(s));
  }
}

void Instruction::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                            FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  if (GetDeoptId() != DeoptId::kNone) {
    s->AddExtraInteger(sexp, "deopt_id", GetDeoptId());
  }
  if (env() != nullptr) {
    sexp->AddExtra("env", env()->ToSExpression(s));
  }
  if (!token_pos().IsNoSource()) {
    s->AddExtraInteger(sexp, "token_pos", token_pos().value());
  }
}

SExpression* Range::ToSExpression(FlowGraphSerializer* s) {
  auto const sexp = new (s->zone()) SExpList(s->zone());
  s->AddSymbol(sexp, "Range");
  sexp->Add(min_.ToSExpression(s));
  if (!max_.Equals(min_)) sexp->Add(max_.ToSExpression(s));
  return sexp;
}

SExpression* RangeBoundary::ToSExpression(FlowGraphSerializer* s) {
  switch (kind_) {
    case kSymbol: {
      auto const sexp = new (s->zone()) SExpList(s->zone());
      sexp->Add(s->UseToSExp(symbol()));
      if (offset() != 0) {
        s->AddExtraInteger(sexp, "offset", offset());
      }
      return sexp;
    }
    case kConstant:
      return new (s->zone()) SExpInteger(value_);
    default:
      return new (s->zone()) SExpSymbol(RangeBoundary::KindToCString(kind_));
  }
}

bool FlowGraphSerializer::HasDefinitionExtraInfo(const Definition* def) {
  return ShouldSerializeType(def->type_) || def->range() != nullptr;
}

void FlowGraphSerializer::AddDefinitionExtraInfoToSExp(const Definition* def,
                                                       SExpList* sexp) {
  // Type() isn't a const method as it can cause changes to the type_
  // field, so access type_ directly instead.
  if (ShouldSerializeType(def->type_)) {
    sexp->AddExtra("type", def->type_->ToSExpression(this));
  }
  if (def->range() != nullptr) {
    sexp->AddExtra("range", def->range()->ToSExpression(this));
  }
}

SExpression* Definition::ToSExpression(FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  // If we don't have a temp index, then this is a Definition that has no
  // usable result.
  const bool binds_name = HasSSATemp() || HasTemp();
  // Don't serialize non-binding definitions as definitions unless we either
  // have Definition-specific extra info or we're in verbose mode.
  if (!binds_name && !FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization &&
      !s->HasDefinitionExtraInfo(this)) {
    return Instruction::ToSExpression(s);
  }
  auto sexp = new (s->zone()) SExpList(s->zone());
  s->AddSymbol(sexp, "def");
  if (binds_name) {
    sexp->Add(s->UseToSExp(this));
  } else {
    // Since there is Definition-specific extra info to serialize, we use "_"
    // as the bound name, which lets the deserializer know the result is unused.
    s->AddSymbol(sexp, "_");
  }
  // Add only Definition-specific extra info to this form. Any extra info
  // that is Instruction-specific or specific to the actual instruction type is
  // added to the nested instruction form.
  s->AddDefinitionExtraInfoToSExp(this, sexp);
  sexp->Add(Instruction::ToSExpression(s));
  return sexp;
}

void AssertAssignableInstr::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(
    SExpList* sexp,
    FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  Instruction::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);
  sexp->AddExtra("name", s->DartValueToSExp(dst_name()));
}

void ConstantInstr::AddOperandsToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                             FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  sexp->Add(s->DartValueToSExp(value()));
}

void BranchInstr::AddOperandsToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                           FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  sexp->Add(comparison()->ToSExpression(s));
  sexp->Add(s->BlockIdToSExp(true_successor()->block_id()));
  sexp->Add(s->BlockIdToSExp(false_successor()->block_id()));
}

void ParameterInstr::AddOperandsToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                              FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  s->AddInteger(sexp, index());
  s->AddExtraInteger(sexp, "param_offset", param_offset());
  s->AddExtraSymbol(sexp, "representation",
                    Location::RepresentationToCString(representation()));
}

void SpecialParameterInstr::AddOperandsToSExpression(
    SExpList* sexp,
    FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  ASSERT(kind() < SpecialParameterInstr::kNumKinds);
  s->AddSymbol(sexp, KindToCString(kind()));
}

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::LocalVariableToSExp(const LocalVariable& v) {
  auto const sexp = new (zone()) SExpList(zone());
  AddSymbol(sexp, "LocalVariable");
  if (!v.name().IsNull()) {
    AddSymbol(sexp, v.name().ToCString());
  }
  if (v.index().IsValid()) {
    AddExtraInteger(sexp, "index", v.index().value());
  }
  return sexp;
}

void LoadLocalInstr::AddOperandsToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                              FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  sexp->Add(s->LocalVariableToSExp(local()));
}

void StoreLocalInstr::AddOperandsToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                               FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  sexp->Add(s->LocalVariableToSExp(local()));
}

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::SlotToSExp(const Slot& slot) {
  auto sexp = new (zone()) SExpList(zone());
  AddSymbol(sexp, "Slot");
  AddInteger(sexp, slot.offset_in_bytes());
  AddExtraSymbol(sexp, "kind", Slot::KindToCString(slot.kind()));
  if (slot.IsDartField()) {
    sexp->AddExtra("field", DartValueToSExp(slot.field()));
  }
  return sexp;
}

void LoadFieldInstr::AddOperandsToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                              FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  sexp->Add(instance()->ToSExpression(s));
  sexp->Add(s->SlotToSExp(slot()));
}

void LoadFieldInstr::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                               FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  Instruction::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);
  if (calls_initializer() || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    s->AddExtraBool(sexp, "calls_initializer", calls_initializer());
  }
}

void StoreInstanceFieldInstr::AddOperandsToSExpression(
    SExpList* sexp,
    FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  sexp->Add(instance()->ToSExpression(s));
  sexp->Add(s->SlotToSExp(slot()));
  sexp->Add(value()->ToSExpression(s));
}

void StoreInstanceFieldInstr::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(
    SExpList* sexp,
    FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  Instruction::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);
  if (is_initialization_ || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    s->AddExtraBool(sexp, "is_init", is_initialization_);
  }
  if (emit_store_barrier_ != kNoStoreBarrier ||
      FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    // Make sure that we aren't seeing a new value added to the StoreBarrierType
    // enum that isn't handled by the serializer.
    ASSERT(emit_store_barrier_ == kNoStoreBarrier ||
           emit_store_barrier_ == kEmitStoreBarrier);
    s->AddExtraBool(sexp, "emit_barrier",
                    emit_store_barrier_ != kNoStoreBarrier);
  }
}

void LoadIndexedUnsafeInstr::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(
    SExpList* sexp,
    FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  Instruction::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);
  if (offset() > 0 || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    s->AddExtraInteger(sexp, "offset", offset());
  }
}

void StoreIndexedUnsafeInstr::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(
    SExpList* sexp,
    FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  Instruction::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);
  if (offset() > 0 || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    s->AddExtraInteger(sexp, "offset", offset());
  }
}

void ComparisonInstr::AddOperandsToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                               FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  s->AddSymbol(sexp, Token::Str(kind()));
  Instruction::AddOperandsToSExpression(sexp, s);
}

void StrictCompareInstr::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(
    SExpList* sexp,
    FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  Instruction::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);
  if (needs_number_check_ || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    s->AddExtraBool(sexp, "needs_check", needs_number_check_);
  }
}

void DoubleTestOpInstr::AddOperandsToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                                 FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  const bool negated = kind() != Token::kEQ;
  switch (op_kind()) {
    case MethodRecognizer::kDouble_getIsNaN:
      s->AddSymbol(sexp, negated ? "IsNotNaN" : "IsNaN");
      break;
    case MethodRecognizer::kDouble_getIsInfinite:
      s->AddSymbol(sexp, negated ? "IsNotInfinite" : "IsInfinite");
      break;
    default:
      UNREACHABLE();
  }
  sexp->Add(value()->ToSExpression(s));
}

void GotoInstr::AddOperandsToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                         FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  sexp->Add(s->BlockIdToSExp(successor()->block_id()));
}

void DebugStepCheckInstr::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(
    SExpList* sexp,
    FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  Instruction::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);
  if (stub_kind_ != PcDescriptorsLayout::kAnyKind ||
      FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    auto const stub_kind_name = PcDescriptorsLayout::KindToCString(stub_kind_);
    ASSERT(stub_kind_name != nullptr);
    s->AddExtraSymbol(sexp, "stub_kind", stub_kind_name);
  }
}

SExpression* FlowGraphSerializer::ICDataToSExp(const ICData* ic_data) {
  auto const sexp = new (zone()) SExpList(zone());
  AddSymbol(sexp, "ICData");

  if (ic_data->is_tracking_exactness()) {
    ic_data_type_ = ic_data->receivers_static_type();
    sexp->AddExtra("receivers_static_type", AbstractTypeToSExp(ic_data_type_));
  }

  if (ic_data->is_megamorphic() || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    AddExtraBool(sexp, "is_megamorphic", ic_data->is_megamorphic());
  }

  auto const num_checks = ic_data->NumberOfChecks();
  GrowableArray<intptr_t> class_ids(zone(), 2);
  for (intptr_t i = 0; i < num_checks; i++) {
    auto const entry = new (zone()) SExpList(zone());

    auto const count = ic_data->GetCountAt(i);
    if (count > 0 || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
      AddExtraInteger(entry, "count", count);
    }

    class_ids.Clear();
    ic_data->GetCheckAt(i, &class_ids, &ic_data_target_);
    entry->AddExtra("target", DartValueToSExp(ic_data_target_));
    for (auto const cid : class_ids) {
      entry->Add(new (zone()) SExpInteger(cid));
    }

    sexp->Add(entry);
  }

  if (FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    AddExtraSymbol(sexp, "rebind_rule",
                   ICData::RebindRuleToCString(ic_data->rebind_rule()));
    tmp_string_ = ic_data->target_name();
    AddExtraString(sexp, "target_name", tmp_string_.ToCString());
    ic_data_target_ = ic_data->Owner();
    sexp->AddExtra("owner", DartValueToSExp(ic_data_target_));
    AddExtraInteger(sexp, "num_args_tested", ic_data->NumArgsTested());
    auto& args_desc = Array::Handle(zone(), ic_data->arguments_descriptor());
    sexp->AddExtra("arguments_descriptor", DartValueToSExp(args_desc));
  }

  return sexp;
}

void TailCallInstr::AddOperandsToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                             FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  if (auto const code = s->DartValueToSExp(code_)) {
    sexp->Add(code);
  }
  Instruction::AddOperandsToSExpression(sexp, s);
}

void NativeCallInstr::AddOperandsToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                               FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  Instruction::AddOperandsToSExpression(sexp, s);
}

void NativeCallInstr::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                                FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  TemplateDartCall<0>::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);
  if (auto const func = s->DartValueToSExp(function())) {
    sexp->AddExtra("function", func);
  }
  if (!native_name().IsNull()) {
    s->AddExtraString(sexp, "name", native_name().ToCString());
  }
  if (link_lazily() || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    s->AddExtraBool(sexp, "link_lazily", link_lazily());
  }
}

template <intptr_t kExtraInputs>
void TemplateDartCall<kExtraInputs>::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(
    SExpList* sexp,
    FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  Instruction::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);
  if (type_args_len() > 0 || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    s->AddExtraInteger(sexp, "type_args_len", type_args_len());
  }
  s->AddExtraInteger(sexp, "args_len", ArgumentCountWithoutTypeArgs());

  const auto& arg_names = argument_names();
  if (!arg_names.IsNull()) {
    auto arg_names_sexp = new (s->zone()) SExpList(s->zone());
    auto& str = String::Handle(s->zone());
    for (intptr_t i = 0; i < arg_names.Length(); i++) {
      str = String::RawCast(arg_names.At(i));
      arg_names_sexp->Add(s->ObjectToSExp(str));
    }
    sexp->AddExtra("arg_names", arg_names_sexp);
  }

  ASSERT(!HasPushArguments());
}

void ClosureCallInstr::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                                 FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  // For now, just here to ensure TemplateDartCall<1>::AddExtraInfoToSExpression
  // gets instantiated.
  TemplateDartCall<1>::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);
}

void StaticCallInstr::AddOperandsToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                               FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  Instruction::AddOperandsToSExpression(sexp, s);
}

void StaticCallInstr::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                                FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  TemplateDartCall<0>::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);

  if (auto const func = s->DartValueToSExp(function())) {
    sexp->AddExtra("function", func);
  }

  if (HasICData()) {
    sexp->AddExtra("ic_data", s->ICDataToSExp(ic_data()));
  } else if (CallCount() > 0 || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    s->AddExtraInteger(sexp, "call_count", CallCount());
  }

  if (rebind_rule_ != ICData::kStatic ||
      FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    auto const str = ICData::RebindRuleToCString(rebind_rule_);
    ASSERT(str != nullptr);
    s->AddExtraSymbol(sexp, "rebind_rule", str);
  }

  if (ShouldSerializeType(result_type())) {
    sexp->AddExtra("result_type", result_type()->ToSExpression(s));
  }

  if (entry_kind() != Code::EntryKind::kNormal ||
      FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    auto const kind_str = Code::EntryKindToCString(entry_kind());
    s->AddExtraSymbol(sexp, "entry_kind", kind_str);
  }
}

void InstanceCallBaseInstr::AddOperandsToSExpression(
    SExpList* sexp,
    FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  Instruction::AddOperandsToSExpression(sexp, s);
}

void InstanceCallBaseInstr::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(
    SExpList* sexp,
    FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  TemplateDartCall<0>::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);

  if (auto const target = s->DartValueToSExp(interface_target())) {
    sexp->AddExtra("interface_target", target);
  }

  if (auto const target = s->DartValueToSExp(tearoff_interface_target())) {
    sexp->AddExtra("tearoff_interface_target", target);
  }

  if (HasICData()) {
    sexp->AddExtra("ic_data", s->ICDataToSExp(ic_data()));
  }

  if (function_name().IsNull()) {
    if (!interface_target().IsNull() || !tearoff_interface_target().IsNull()) {
      s->AddExtraSymbol(sexp, "function_name", "null");
    }
  } else {
    if (interface_target().IsNull() ||
        (function_name().raw() != interface_target().name() &&
         function_name().raw() != tearoff_interface_target().name())) {
      s->AddExtraString(sexp, "function_name", function_name().ToCString());
    }
  }

  if (token_kind() != Token::kILLEGAL) {
    s->AddExtraSymbol(sexp, "token_kind", Token::Str(token_kind()));
  }

  if (ShouldSerializeType(result_type())) {
    sexp->AddExtra("result_type", result_type()->ToSExpression(s));
  }

  if (entry_kind() != Code::EntryKind::kNormal ||
      FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    auto const kind_str = Code::EntryKindToCString(entry_kind());
    s->AddExtraSymbol(sexp, "entry_kind", kind_str);
  }
}

void InstanceCallInstr::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(
    SExpList* sexp,
    FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  InstanceCallBaseInstr::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);

  if (checked_argument_count() > 0 || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    s->AddExtraInteger(sexp, "checked_arg_count", checked_argument_count());
  }
}

void PolymorphicInstanceCallInstr::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(
    SExpList* sexp,
    FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  InstanceCallBaseInstr::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);

  if (targets().length() > 0 || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    auto elem_list = new (s->zone()) SExpList(s->zone());
    for (intptr_t i = 0; i < targets().length(); i++) {
      auto elem = new (s->zone()) SExpList(s->zone());
      const TargetInfo* ti = targets().TargetAt(i);
      if (ti->cid_start == ti->cid_end) {
        s->AddInteger(elem, ti->cid_start);
      } else {
        auto range = new (s->zone()) SExpList(s->zone());
        s->AddInteger(range, ti->cid_start);
        s->AddInteger(range, ti->cid_end);
        elem->Add(range);
      }
      if (auto const target = s->DartValueToSExp(*ti->target)) {
        elem->Add(target);
      }
      elem_list->Add(elem);
    }
    sexp->AddExtra("targets", elem_list);
  }
}

void AllocateObjectInstr::AddOperandsToSExpression(
    SExpList* sexp,
    FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  if (auto const sexp_cls = s->DartValueToSExp(cls())) {
    sexp->Add(sexp_cls);
  }
  if (type_arguments() != nullptr) {
    sexp->Add(type_arguments()->ToSExpression(s));
  }
}

void AllocateObjectInstr::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(
    SExpList* sexp,
    FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  Instruction::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);
  s->AddExtraInteger(sexp, "size", cls().target_instance_size());
  if (auto const closure = s->DartValueToSExp(closure_function())) {
    sexp->AddExtra("closure_function", closure);
  }
  if (!Identity().IsUnknown() || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    s->AddExtraSymbol(sexp, "identity", Identity().ToCString());
  }
}

void BinaryIntegerOpInstr::AddOperandsToSExpression(
    SExpList* sexp,
    FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  s->AddSymbol(sexp, Token::Str(op_kind()));
  sexp->Add(left()->ToSExpression(s));
  sexp->Add(right()->ToSExpression(s));
}

void CheckedSmiOpInstr::AddOperandsToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                                 FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  s->AddSymbol(sexp, Token::Str(op_kind()));
  sexp->Add(left()->ToSExpression(s));
  sexp->Add(right()->ToSExpression(s));
}

// clang-format off
static const char* simd_op_kind_string[] = {
#define CASE(Arity, Mask, Name, ...) #Name,
  SIMD_OP_LIST(CASE, CASE)
#undef CASE
  "IllegalSimdOp",
};
// clang-format on

void SimdOpInstr::AddOperandsToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                           FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  s->AddSymbol(sexp, simd_op_kind_string[kind()]);
  Instruction::AddOperandsToSExpression(sexp, s);
}

void SimdOpInstr::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                            FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  Instruction::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);
  if (HasMask()) {
    s->AddExtraInteger(sexp, "mask", mask());
  }
}

void LoadIndexedInstr::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                                 FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  Instruction::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);
  if (aligned() || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    s->AddExtraBool(sexp, "aligned", aligned());
  }
  if (index_scale() > 1 || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    s->AddExtraInteger(sexp, "scale", index_scale());
  }
  if (class_id() != kDynamicCid || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    s->AddExtraInteger(sexp, "cid", class_id());
  }
}

void StoreIndexedInstr::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(
    SExpList* sexp,
    FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  Instruction::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);
  if (aligned() || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    s->AddExtraBool(sexp, "aligned", aligned());
  }
  if (index_scale() > 1 || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    s->AddExtraInteger(sexp, "scale", index_scale());
  }
  if (class_id() != kDynamicCid || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    s->AddExtraInteger(sexp, "cid", class_id());
  }
}

void CheckStackOverflowInstr::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(
    SExpList* sexp,
    FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  Instruction::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);
  if (stack_depth() > 0 || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    s->AddExtraInteger(sexp, "stack_depth", stack_depth());
  }
  if (in_loop() || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    s->AddExtraInteger(sexp, "loop_depth", loop_depth());
  }
  if (kind_ != kOsrAndPreemption) {
    ASSERT(kind_ == kOsrOnly);
    s->AddExtraSymbol(sexp, "kind", "OsrOnly");
  }
}

void CheckNullInstr::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                               FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  Instruction::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);
  if (!function_name_.IsNull()) {
    s->AddExtraString(sexp, "function_name", function_name_.ToCString());
  }
}

SExpression* Value::ToSExpression(FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  auto name = s->UseToSExp(definition());
  // If we're not serializing types or there is no reaching type for this use,
  // just serialize the use as the bound name.
  if (!ShouldSerializeType(reaching_type_)) return name;

  auto sexp = new (s->zone()) SExpList(s->zone());
  s->AddSymbol(sexp, "value");
  sexp->Add(name);
  // If there is no owner for the type, then serialize the type in full.
  // Otherwise the owner should be the definition, so we'll inherit the type
  // from it. (That is, (value v<X>) with no explicit type info means the
  // reaching type comes from the definition of v<X>.) We'll serialize an
  // "inherit_type" extra info field to make this explicit when in verbose mode.
  if (reaching_type_->owner() == nullptr) {
    sexp->AddExtra("type", reaching_type_->ToSExpression(s));
  } else {
    ASSERT(reaching_type_->owner() == definition());
  }
  if (FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    s->AddExtraBool(sexp, "inherit_type",
                    reaching_type_->owner() == definition());
  }
  return sexp;
}

SExpression* CompileType::ToSExpression(FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  ASSERT(FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization ||
         FLAG_serialize_flow_graph_types);

  auto sexp = new (s->zone()) SExpList(s->zone());
  s->AddSymbol(sexp, "CompileType");
  AddExtraInfoToSExpression(sexp, s);
  return sexp;
}

void CompileType::AddExtraInfoToSExpression(SExpList* sexp,
                                            FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  if (cid_ != kIllegalCid || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    s->AddExtraInteger(sexp, "cid", cid_);
  }
  // TODO(sstrickl): Currently we only print out nullable if it's false
  // (or during verbose printing). Switch this when NNBD is the standard.
  if (!is_nullable() || FLAG_verbose_flow_graph_serialization) {
    s->AddExtraBool(sexp, "nullable", is_nullable());
  }
  if (type_ != nullptr) {
    sexp->AddExtra("type", s->DartValueToSExp(*type_));
  }
}

SExpression* Environment::ToSExpression(FlowGraphSerializer* s) const {
  auto sexp = new (s->zone()) SExpList(s->zone());
  for (intptr_t i = 0; i < values_.length(); ++i) {
    ASSERT(!values_[i]->definition()->IsPushArgument());
    sexp->Add(values_[i]->ToSExpression(s));
    // TODO(sstrickl): This currently assumes that there are no locations in the
    // environment (e.g. before register allocation). If we ever want to print
    // out environments on steps after AllocateRegisters, we'll need to handle
    // locations as well.
    ASSERT(locations_ == nullptr || locations_[i].IsInvalid());
  }
  if (outer_ != NULL) {
    auto outer_sexp = outer_->ToSExpression(s)->AsList();
    if (outer_->deopt_id_ != DeoptId::kNone) {
      s->AddExtraInteger(outer_sexp, "deopt_id", outer_->deopt_id_);
    }
    sexp->AddExtra("outer", outer_sexp);
  }
  return sexp;
}

}  // namespace dart