// Copyright (c) 2016, the Dart project authors.  Please see the AUTHORS file
// for details. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a
// BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

library fasta.source_library_builder;

import 'dart:collection';
import 'dart:convert' show jsonEncode;

import 'package:_fe_analyzer_shared/src/scanner/token.dart' show Token;
import 'package:_fe_analyzer_shared/src/util/resolve_relative_uri.dart'
    show resolveRelativeUri;
import 'package:kernel/ast.dart' hide Combinator, MapLiteralEntry;
import 'package:kernel/class_hierarchy.dart' show ClassHierarchy;
import 'package:kernel/clone.dart' show CloneVisitorNotMembers;
import 'package:kernel/reference_from_index.dart'
    show IndexedClass, IndexedContainer, IndexedLibrary;
import 'package:kernel/src/bounds_checks.dart'
    show
        TypeArgumentIssue,
        findTypeArgumentIssues,
        findTypeArgumentIssuesForInvocation,
        getGenericTypeName;
import 'package:kernel/type_algebra.dart' show Substitution, substitute;
import 'package:kernel/type_environment.dart'
    show SubtypeCheckMode, TypeEnvironment;

import '../../api_prototype/experimental_flags.dart';
import '../../base/nnbd_mode.dart';
import '../builder/builder.dart';
import '../builder/builtin_type_declaration_builder.dart';
import '../builder/class_builder.dart';
import '../builder/constructor_reference_builder.dart';
import '../builder/dynamic_type_declaration_builder.dart';
import '../builder/extension_builder.dart';
import '../builder/field_builder.dart';
import '../builder/formal_parameter_builder.dart';
import '../builder/function_builder.dart';
import '../builder/function_type_builder.dart';
import '../builder/invalid_type_declaration_builder.dart';
import '../builder/library_builder.dart';
import '../builder/member_builder.dart';
import '../builder/metadata_builder.dart';
import '../builder/mixin_application_builder.dart';
import '../builder/name_iterator.dart';
import '../builder/named_type_builder.dart';
import '../builder/never_type_declaration_builder.dart';
import '../builder/nullability_builder.dart';
import '../builder/prefix_builder.dart';
import '../builder/procedure_builder.dart';
import '../builder/type_alias_builder.dart';
import '../builder/type_builder.dart';
import '../builder/type_declaration_builder.dart';
import '../builder/type_variable_builder.dart';
import '../builder/void_type_declaration_builder.dart';
import '../combinator.dart' show CombinatorBuilder;
import '../configuration.dart' show Configuration;
import '../dill/dill_library_builder.dart' show DillLibraryBuilder;
import '../export.dart' show Export;
import '../fasta_codes.dart';
import '../identifiers.dart' show QualifiedName, flattenName;
import '../import.dart' show Import;
import '../kernel/constructor_tearoff_lowering.dart';
import '../kernel/hierarchy/members_builder.dart';
import '../kernel/implicit_field_type.dart';
import '../kernel/internal_ast.dart';
import '../kernel/kernel_helper.dart';
import '../kernel/load_library_builder.dart';
import '../kernel/macro.dart';
import '../kernel/type_algorithms.dart'
    show
        NonSimplicityIssue,
        calculateBounds,
        computeTypeVariableBuilderVariance,
        findUnaliasedGenericFunctionTypes,
        getInboundReferenceIssuesInType,
        getNonSimplicityIssuesForDeclaration,
        getNonSimplicityIssuesForTypeVariables,
        pendingVariance;
import '../kernel/utils.dart' show compareProcedures, toKernelCombinators;
import '../modifier.dart'
    show
        abstractMask,
        constMask,
        externalMask,
        finalMask,
        declaresConstConstructorMask,
        hasInitializerMask,
        initializingFormalMask,
        superInitializingFormalMask,
        lateMask,
        mixinDeclarationMask,
        namedMixinApplicationMask,
        staticMask;
import '../names.dart' show indexSetName;
import '../operator.dart';
import '../problems.dart' show unexpected, unhandled;
import '../scope.dart';
import '../type_inference/type_inferrer.dart' show TypeInferrer;
import '../util/helpers.dart';
import 'name_scheme.dart';
import 'source_class_builder.dart' show SourceClassBuilder;
import 'source_constructor_builder.dart';
import 'source_enum_builder.dart';
import 'source_extension_builder.dart';
import 'source_factory_builder.dart';
import 'source_field_builder.dart';
import 'source_function_builder.dart';
import 'source_loader.dart' show SourceLoader;
import 'source_member_builder.dart';
import 'source_procedure_builder.dart';
import 'source_type_alias_builder.dart';

class SourceLibraryBuilder extends LibraryBuilderImpl {
  static const String MALFORMED_URI_SCHEME = "org-dartlang-malformed-uri";

  @override
  final SourceLoader loader;

  final TypeParameterScopeBuilder _libraryTypeParameterScopeBuilder;

  final List<ConstructorReferenceBuilder> constructorReferences =
      <ConstructorReferenceBuilder>[];

  final List<LibraryBuilder> parts = <LibraryBuilder>[];

  // Can I use library.parts instead? See SourceLibraryBuilder.addPart.
  final List<int> partOffsets = <int>[];

  final List<Import> imports = <Import>[];

  final List<Export> exports = <Export>[];

  final Scope importScope;

  @override
  final Uri fileUri;

  final Uri? _packageUri;

  Uri? get packageUriForTesting => _packageUri;

  @override
  final bool isUnsupported;

  final List<Object> accessors = <Object>[];

  @override
  String? name;

  String? partOfName;

  Uri? partOfUri;

  List<MetadataBuilder>? metadata;

  /// The current declaration that is being built. When we start parsing a
  /// declaration (class, method, and so on), we don't have enough information
  /// to create a builder and this object records its members and types until,
  /// for example, [addClass] is called.
  TypeParameterScopeBuilder currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder;

  /// Non-null if this library causes an error upon access, that is, there was
  /// an error reading its source.
  Message? accessProblem;

  @override
  final Library library;

  final SourceLibraryBuilder? _origin;

  final List<SourceFunctionBuilder> nativeMethods = <SourceFunctionBuilder>[];

  final List<TypeVariableBuilder> unboundTypeVariables =
      <TypeVariableBuilder>[];

  final List<UncheckedTypedefType> uncheckedTypedefTypes =
      <UncheckedTypedefType>[];

  // A list of alternating forwarders and the procedures they were generated
  // for.  Note that it may not include a forwarder-origin pair in cases when
  // the former does not need to be updated after the body of the latter was
  // built.
  final List<Procedure> forwardersOrigins = <Procedure>[];

  // List of types inferred in the outline.  Errors in these should be reported
  // differently than for specified types.
  // TODO(dmitryas):  Find a way to mark inferred types.
  final Set<DartType> inferredTypes = new Set<DartType>.identity();

  // While the bounds of type parameters aren't compiled yet, we can't tell the
  // default nullability of the corresponding type-parameter types.  This list
  // is used to collect such type-parameter types in order to set the
  // nullability after the bounds are built.
  final List<PendingNullability> _pendingNullabilities = <PendingNullability>[];

  // A library to use for Names generated when compiling code in this library.
  // This allows code generated in one library to use the private namespace of
  // another, for example during expression compilation (debugging).
  Library get nameOrigin => _nameOrigin?.library ?? library;
  @override
  LibraryBuilder get nameOriginBuilder => _nameOrigin ?? this;
  final LibraryBuilder? _nameOrigin;

  final Library? referencesFrom;
  final IndexedLibrary? referencesFromIndexed;
  IndexedClass? _currentClassReferencesFromIndexed;

  /// Exports that can't be serialized.
  ///
  /// The key is the name of the exported member.
  ///
  /// If the name is `dynamic` or `void`, this library reexports the
  /// corresponding type from `dart:core`, and the value is null.
  ///
  /// Otherwise, this represents an error (an ambiguous export). In this case,
  /// the error message is the corresponding value in the map.
  Map<String, String?>? unserializableExports;

  List<SourceFieldBuilder>? _implicitlyTypedFields;

  /// The language version of this library as defined by the language version
  /// of the package it belongs to, if present, or the current language version
  /// otherwise.
  ///
  /// This language version we be used as the language version for the library
  /// if the library does not contain an explicit @dart= annotation.
  final LanguageVersion packageLanguageVersion;

  /// The actual language version of this library. This is initially the
  /// [packageLanguageVersion] but will be updated if the library contains
  /// an explicit @dart= language version annotation.
  LanguageVersion _languageVersion;

  bool postponedProblemsIssued = false;
  List<PostponedProblem>? postponedProblems;

  /// List of [PrefixBuilder]s for imports with prefixes.
  List<PrefixBuilder>? _prefixBuilders;

  /// Set of extension declarations in scope. This is computed lazily in
  /// [forEachExtensionInScope].
  Set<ExtensionBuilder>? _extensionsInScope;

  List<SourceLibraryBuilder>? _patchLibraries;

  /// `true` if this is an augmentation library.
  final bool isAugmentation;

  SourceLibraryBuilder.internal(
      SourceLoader loader,
      Uri fileUri,
      Uri? packageUri,
      LanguageVersion packageLanguageVersion,
      Scope? scope,
      SourceLibraryBuilder? origin,
      Library library,
      LibraryBuilder? nameOrigin,
      Library? referencesFrom,
      {bool? referenceIsPartOwner,
      required bool isUnsupported,
      required bool isAugmentation})
      : this.fromScopes(
            loader,
            fileUri,
            packageUri,
            packageLanguageVersion,
            new TypeParameterScopeBuilder.library(),
            scope ?? new Scope.top(),
            origin,
            library,
            nameOrigin,
            referencesFrom,
            isUnsupported: isUnsupported,
            isAugmentation: isAugmentation);

  SourceLibraryBuilder.fromScopes(
      this.loader,
      this.fileUri,
      this._packageUri,
      this.packageLanguageVersion,
      this._libraryTypeParameterScopeBuilder,
      this.importScope,
      SourceLibraryBuilder? origin,
      this.library,
      this._nameOrigin,
      this.referencesFrom,
      {required this.isUnsupported,
      required this.isAugmentation})
      : _languageVersion = packageLanguageVersion,
        currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder = _libraryTypeParameterScopeBuilder,
        referencesFromIndexed =
            referencesFrom == null ? null : new IndexedLibrary(referencesFrom),
        _origin = origin,
        super(fileUri, _libraryTypeParameterScopeBuilder.toScope(importScope),
            new Scope.top()) {
    assert(
        _packageUri == null ||
            !importUri.isScheme('package') ||
            importUri.path.startsWith(_packageUri!.path),
        "Foreign package uri '$_packageUri' set on library with import uri "
        "'${importUri}'.");
    assert(
        !importUri.isScheme('dart') || _packageUri == null,
        "Package uri '$_packageUri' set on dart: library with import uri "
        "'${importUri}'.");
  }

  TypeParameterScopeBuilder get libraryTypeParameterScopeBuilderForTesting =>
      _libraryTypeParameterScopeBuilder;

  bool? _enableConstFunctionsInLibrary;
  bool? _enableVarianceInLibrary;
  bool? _enableNonfunctionTypeAliasesInLibrary;
  bool? _enableNonNullableInLibrary;
  Version? _enableNonNullableVersionInLibrary;
  Version? _enableConstructorTearoffsVersionInLibrary;
  Version? _enableExtensionTypesVersionInLibrary;
  Version? _enableNamedArgumentsAnywhereVersionInLibrary;
  Version? _enableSuperParametersVersionInLibrary;
  Version? _enableEnhancedEnumsVersionInLibrary;
  Version? _enableMacrosVersionInLibrary;
  bool? _enableTripleShiftInLibrary;
  bool? _enableExtensionMethodsInLibrary;
  bool? _enableGenericMetadataInLibrary;
  bool? _enableExtensionTypesInLibrary;
  bool? _enableEnhancedEnumsInLibrary;
  bool? _enableConstructorTearOffsInLibrary;
  bool? _enableNamedArgumentsAnywhereInLibrary;
  bool? _enableSuperParametersInLibrary;
  bool? _enableMacrosInLibrary;

  bool get enableConstFunctionsInLibrary => _enableConstFunctionsInLibrary ??=
      loader.target.isExperimentEnabledInLibraryByVersion(
          ExperimentalFlag.constFunctions,
          _packageUri ?? importUri,
          languageVersion.version);

  bool get enableVarianceInLibrary => _enableVarianceInLibrary ??= loader.target
      .isExperimentEnabledInLibraryByVersion(ExperimentalFlag.variance,
          _packageUri ?? importUri, languageVersion.version);

  bool get enableNonfunctionTypeAliasesInLibrary =>
      _enableNonfunctionTypeAliasesInLibrary ??= loader.target
          .isExperimentEnabledInLibraryByVersion(
              ExperimentalFlag.nonfunctionTypeAliases,
              _packageUri ?? importUri,
              languageVersion.version);

  /// Returns `true` if the 'non-nullable' experiment is enabled for this
  /// library.
  ///
  /// Note that the library might still opt out of the experiment by having
  /// a version that is too low for opting in to the experiment.
  bool get enableNonNullableInLibrary => _enableNonNullableInLibrary ??=
      loader.target.isExperimentEnabledInLibrary(
          ExperimentalFlag.nonNullable, _packageUri ?? importUri);

  Version get enableNonNullableVersionInLibrary =>
      _enableNonNullableVersionInLibrary ??= loader.target
          .getExperimentEnabledVersionInLibrary(
              ExperimentalFlag.nonNullable, _packageUri ?? importUri);

  bool get enableConstructorTearOffsInLibrary =>
      _enableConstructorTearOffsInLibrary ??= loader.target
          .isExperimentEnabledInLibraryByVersion(
              ExperimentalFlag.constructorTearoffs,
              _packageUri ?? importUri,
              languageVersion.version);

  Version get enableConstructorTearOffsVersionInLibrary =>
      _enableConstructorTearoffsVersionInLibrary ??= loader.target
          .getExperimentEnabledVersionInLibrary(
              ExperimentalFlag.constructorTearoffs, _packageUri ?? importUri);

  bool get enableTripleShiftInLibrary => _enableTripleShiftInLibrary ??=
      loader.target.isExperimentEnabledInLibraryByVersion(
          ExperimentalFlag.tripleShift,
          _packageUri ?? importUri,
          languageVersion.version);

  bool get enableExtensionMethodsInLibrary =>
      _enableExtensionMethodsInLibrary ??= loader.target
          .isExperimentEnabledInLibraryByVersion(
              ExperimentalFlag.extensionMethods,
              _packageUri ?? importUri,
              languageVersion.version);

  bool get enableGenericMetadataInLibrary => _enableGenericMetadataInLibrary ??=
      loader.target.isExperimentEnabledInLibraryByVersion(
          ExperimentalFlag.genericMetadata,
          _packageUri ?? importUri,
          languageVersion.version);

  bool get enableExtensionTypesInLibrary => _enableExtensionTypesInLibrary ??=
      loader.target.isExperimentEnabledInLibraryByVersion(
          ExperimentalFlag.extensionTypes,
          _packageUri ?? importUri,
          languageVersion.version);

  Version get enableExtensionTypesVersionInLibrary =>
      _enableExtensionTypesVersionInLibrary ??= loader.target
          .getExperimentEnabledVersionInLibrary(
              ExperimentalFlag.extensionTypes, _packageUri ?? importUri);

  bool get enableNamedArgumentsAnywhereInLibrary =>
      _enableNamedArgumentsAnywhereInLibrary ??= loader.target
          .isExperimentEnabledInLibraryByVersion(
              ExperimentalFlag.namedArgumentsAnywhere,
              _packageUri ?? importUri,
              languageVersion.version);

  Version get enableNamedArgumentsAnywhereVersionInLibrary =>
      _enableNamedArgumentsAnywhereVersionInLibrary ??= loader.target
          .getExperimentEnabledVersionInLibrary(
              ExperimentalFlag.namedArgumentsAnywhere,
              _packageUri ?? importUri);

  bool get enableSuperParametersInLibrary => _enableSuperParametersInLibrary ??=
      loader.target.isExperimentEnabledInLibraryByVersion(
          ExperimentalFlag.superParameters,
          _packageUri ?? importUri,
          languageVersion.version);

  Version get enableSuperParametersVersionInLibrary =>
      _enableSuperParametersVersionInLibrary ??= loader.target
          .getExperimentEnabledVersionInLibrary(
              ExperimentalFlag.superParameters, _packageUri ?? importUri);

  bool get enableEnhancedEnumsInLibrary => _enableEnhancedEnumsInLibrary ??=
      loader.target.isExperimentEnabledInLibraryByVersion(
          ExperimentalFlag.enhancedEnums,
          _packageUri ?? importUri,
          languageVersion.version);

  Version get enableEnhancedEnumsVersionInLibrary =>
      _enableEnhancedEnumsVersionInLibrary ??= loader.target
          .getExperimentEnabledVersionInLibrary(
              ExperimentalFlag.enhancedEnums, _packageUri ?? importUri);

  bool get enableMacrosInLibrary => _enableMacrosInLibrary ??= loader.target
      .isExperimentEnabledInLibraryByVersion(ExperimentalFlag.macros,
          _packageUri ?? importUri, languageVersion.version);

  Version get enableMacrosVersionInLibrary => _enableMacrosVersionInLibrary ??=
      loader.target.getExperimentEnabledVersionInLibrary(
          ExperimentalFlag.macros, _packageUri ?? importUri);

  void _updateLibraryNNBDSettings() {
    library.isNonNullableByDefault = isNonNullableByDefault;
    switch (loader.nnbdMode) {
      case NnbdMode.Weak:
        library.nonNullableByDefaultCompiledMode =
            NonNullableByDefaultCompiledMode.Weak;
        break;
      case NnbdMode.Strong:
        library.nonNullableByDefaultCompiledMode =
            NonNullableByDefaultCompiledMode.Strong;
        break;
      case NnbdMode.Agnostic:
        library.nonNullableByDefaultCompiledMode =
            NonNullableByDefaultCompiledMode.Agnostic;
        break;
    }
  }

  SourceLibraryBuilder(
      {required Uri importUri,
      required Uri fileUri,
      Uri? packageUri,
      required LanguageVersion packageLanguageVersion,
      required SourceLoader loader,
      SourceLibraryBuilder? origin,
      Scope? scope,
      Library? target,
      LibraryBuilder? nameOrigin,
      Library? referencesFrom,
      bool? referenceIsPartOwner,
      required bool isUnsupported,
      required bool isAugmentation})
      : this.internal(
            loader,
            fileUri,
            packageUri,
            packageLanguageVersion,
            scope,
            origin,
            target ??
                (origin?.library ??
                    new Library(importUri,
                        fileUri: fileUri,
                        reference: referenceIsPartOwner == true
                            ? null
                            : referencesFrom?.reference)
                  ..setLanguageVersion(packageLanguageVersion.version)),
            nameOrigin,
            referencesFrom,
            referenceIsPartOwner: referenceIsPartOwner,
            isUnsupported: isUnsupported,
            isAugmentation: isAugmentation);

  @override
  bool get isPart => partOfName != null || partOfUri != null;

  // TODO(johnniwinther): Can avoid using this from outside this class?
  Iterable<SourceLibraryBuilder>? get patchLibraries => _patchLibraries;

  void addPatchLibrary(SourceLibraryBuilder patchLibrary) {
    assert(patchLibrary.isPatch,
        "Library ${patchLibrary} must be a patch library.");
    assert(!patchLibrary.isPart,
        "Patch library ${patchLibrary} cannot be a part .");
    (_patchLibraries ??= []).add(patchLibrary);
  }

  /// Creates a synthesized augmentation library for the [source] code and
  /// attach it as a patch library of this library.
  ///
  /// To support the parser of the [source], the library is registered as an
  /// unparsed library on the [loader].
  SourceLibraryBuilder createAugmentationLibrary(String source) {
    int index = _patchLibraries?.length ?? 0;
    Uri uri =
        new Uri(scheme: augmentationScheme, path: '${fileUri.path}-$index');
    SourceLibraryBuilder augmentationLibrary = new SourceLibraryBuilder(
        fileUri: uri,
        importUri: uri,
        packageLanguageVersion: packageLanguageVersion,
        loader: loader,
        isUnsupported: false,
        target: library,
        origin: this,
        isAugmentation: true,
        referencesFrom: referencesFrom);
    addPatchLibrary(augmentationLibrary);
    loader.registerUnparsedLibrarySource(augmentationLibrary, source);
    return augmentationLibrary;
  }

  List<NamedTypeBuilder> get unresolvedNamedTypes =>
      _libraryTypeParameterScopeBuilder.unresolvedNamedTypes;

  @override
  bool get isSynthetic => accessProblem != null;

  NamedTypeBuilder registerUnresolvedNamedType(NamedTypeBuilder type) {
    currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.registerUnresolvedNamedType(type);
    return type;
  }

  bool? _isNonNullableByDefault;

  @override
  bool get isNonNullableByDefault {
    assert(
        _isNonNullableByDefault == null ||
            _isNonNullableByDefault == _computeIsNonNullableByDefault(),
        "Unstable isNonNullableByDefault property, changed "
        "from ${_isNonNullableByDefault} to "
        "${_computeIsNonNullableByDefault()}");
    return _ensureIsNonNullableByDefault();
  }

  bool _ensureIsNonNullableByDefault() {
    if (_isNonNullableByDefault == null) {
      _isNonNullableByDefault = _computeIsNonNullableByDefault();
      _updateLibraryNNBDSettings();
    }
    return _isNonNullableByDefault!;
  }

  bool _computeIsNonNullableByDefault() =>
      enableNonNullableInLibrary &&
      languageVersion.version >= enableNonNullableVersionInLibrary;

  LanguageVersion get languageVersion {
    assert(
        _languageVersion.isFinal,
        "Attempting to read the language version of ${this} before has been "
        "finalized.");
    return _languageVersion;
  }

  void markLanguageVersionFinal() {
    _languageVersion.isFinal = true;
    _ensureIsNonNullableByDefault();
    if (!isNonNullableByDefault &&
        (loader.nnbdMode == NnbdMode.Strong ||
            loader.nnbdMode == NnbdMode.Agnostic)) {
      // In strong and agnostic mode, the language version is not allowed to
      // opt a library out of nnbd.
      if (_languageVersion.isExplicit) {
        addPostponedProblem(messageStrongModeNNBDButOptOut,
            _languageVersion.charOffset, _languageVersion.charCount, fileUri);
      } else {
        loader.registerStrongOptOutLibrary(this);
      }
      library.nonNullableByDefaultCompiledMode =
          NonNullableByDefaultCompiledMode.Invalid;
      loader.hasInvalidNnbdModeLibrary = true;
    }
  }

  /// Set the language version to an explicit major and minor version.
  ///
  /// The default language version specified by the .packages file is passed
  /// to the constructor, but the library can have source code that specifies
  /// another one which should be supported.
  ///
  /// Only the first registered language version is used.
  ///
  /// [offset] and [length] refers to the offset and length of the source code
  /// specifying the language version.
  void registerExplicitLanguageVersion(Version version,
      {int offset: 0, int length: noLength}) {
    if (_languageVersion.isExplicit) {
      // If more than once language version exists we use the first.
      return;
    }
    assert(!_languageVersion.isFinal);

    if (version > loader.target.currentSdkVersion) {
      // If trying to set a language version that is higher than the current sdk
      // version it's an error.
      addPostponedProblem(
          templateLanguageVersionTooHigh.withArguments(
              loader.target.currentSdkVersion.major,
              loader.target.currentSdkVersion.minor),
          offset,
          length,
          fileUri);
      // If the package set an OK version, but the file set an invalid version
      // we want to use the package version.
      _languageVersion = new InvalidLanguageVersion(
          fileUri, offset, length, packageLanguageVersion.version, true);
    } else {
      _languageVersion = new LanguageVersion(version, fileUri, offset, length);
    }
    library.setLanguageVersion(_languageVersion.version);
    _languageVersion.isFinal = true;
  }

  ConstructorReferenceBuilder addConstructorReference(Object name,
      List<TypeBuilder>? typeArguments, String? suffix, int charOffset) {
    ConstructorReferenceBuilder ref = new ConstructorReferenceBuilder(
        name, typeArguments, suffix, this, charOffset);
    constructorReferences.add(ref);
    return ref;
  }

  void beginNestedDeclaration(TypeParameterScopeKind kind, String name,
      {bool hasMembers: true}) {
    currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder =
        currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.createNested(kind, name, hasMembers);
  }

  TypeParameterScopeBuilder endNestedDeclaration(
      TypeParameterScopeKind kind, String? name) {
    assert(
        currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.kind == kind,
        "Unexpected declaration. "
        "Trying to end a ${currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.kind} as a $kind.");
    assert(
        (name?.startsWith(currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.name) ??
                (name == currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.name)) ||
            currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.name == "operator" ||
            identical(name, "<syntax-error>"),
        "${name} != ${currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.name}");
    TypeParameterScopeBuilder previous = currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder;
    currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder = currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.parent!;
    return previous;
  }

  bool uriIsValid(Uri uri) => !uri.isScheme(MALFORMED_URI_SCHEME);

  Uri resolve(Uri baseUri, String? uri, int uriOffset, {isPart: false}) {
    if (uri == null) {
      addProblem(messageExpectedUri, uriOffset, noLength, fileUri);
      return new Uri(scheme: MALFORMED_URI_SCHEME);
    }
    Uri parsedUri;
    try {
      parsedUri = Uri.parse(uri);
    } on FormatException catch (e) {
      // Point to position in string indicated by the exception,
      // or to the initial quote if no position is given.
      // (Assumes the directive is using a single-line string.)
      addProblem(templateCouldNotParseUri.withArguments(uri, e.message),
          uriOffset + 1 + (e.offset ?? -1), 1, fileUri);
      return new Uri(
          scheme: MALFORMED_URI_SCHEME, query: Uri.encodeQueryComponent(uri));
    }
    if (isPart && baseUri.isScheme("dart")) {
      // Resolve using special rules for dart: URIs
      return resolveRelativeUri(baseUri, parsedUri);
    } else {
      return baseUri.resolveUri(parsedUri);
    }
  }

  String? computeAndValidateConstructorName(Object? name, int charOffset,
      {isFactory: false}) {
    String className = currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.name;
    String prefix;
    String? suffix;
    if (name is QualifiedName) {
      prefix = name.qualifier as String;
      suffix = name.name;
    } else {
      prefix = name as String;
      suffix = null;
    }
    if (enableConstructorTearOffsInLibrary) {
      suffix = suffix == "new" ? "" : suffix;
    }
    if (prefix == className) {
      return suffix ?? "";
    }
    if (suffix == null && !isFactory) {
      // A legal name for a regular method, but not for a constructor.
      return null;
    }

    addProblem(
        messageConstructorWithWrongName, charOffset, prefix.length, fileUri,
        context: [
          templateConstructorWithWrongNameContext
              .withArguments(currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.name)
              .withLocation(
                  importUri,
                  currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.charOffset,
                  currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.name.length)
        ]);

    return suffix;
  }

  void addExport(
      List<MetadataBuilder>? metadata,
      String uri,
      List<Configuration>? configurations,
      List<CombinatorBuilder>? combinators,
      int charOffset,
      int uriOffset) {
    if (configurations != null) {
      for (Configuration config in configurations) {
        if (loader.getLibrarySupportValue(config.dottedName) ==
            config.condition) {
          uri = config.importUri;
          break;
        }
      }
    }

    LibraryBuilder exportedLibrary = loader.read(
        resolve(this.importUri, uri, uriOffset), charOffset,
        accessor: this);
    exportedLibrary.addExporter(this, combinators, charOffset);
    exports.add(new Export(this, exportedLibrary, combinators, charOffset));
  }

  void addImport(
      {required List<MetadataBuilder>? metadata,
      required bool isAugmentationImport,
      required String uri,
      required List<Configuration>? configurations,
      required String? prefix,
      required List<CombinatorBuilder>? combinators,
      required bool deferred,
      required int charOffset,
      required int prefixCharOffset,
      required int uriOffset,
      required int importIndex}) {
    if (configurations != null) {
      for (Configuration config in configurations) {
        if (loader.getLibrarySupportValue(config.dottedName) ==
            config.condition) {
          uri = config.importUri;
          break;
        }
      }
    }

    LibraryBuilder? builder = null;
    Uri? resolvedUri;
    String? nativePath;
    const String nativeExtensionScheme = "dart-ext:";
    if (uri.startsWith(nativeExtensionScheme)) {
      addProblem(messageUnsupportedDartExt, charOffset, noLength, fileUri);
      String strippedUri = uri.substring(nativeExtensionScheme.length);
      if (strippedUri.startsWith("package")) {
        resolvedUri = resolve(this.importUri, strippedUri,
            uriOffset + nativeExtensionScheme.length);
        resolvedUri = loader.target.translateUri(resolvedUri);
        nativePath = resolvedUri.toString();
      } else {
        resolvedUri = new Uri(scheme: "dart-ext", pathSegments: [uri]);
        nativePath = uri;
      }
    } else {
      resolvedUri = resolve(this.importUri, uri, uriOffset);
      builder = loader.read(resolvedUri, uriOffset,
          origin: isAugmentationImport ? this : null,
          accessor: this,
          isAugmentation: isAugmentationImport,
          referencesFrom: isAugmentationImport ? referencesFrom : null);
    }

    imports.add(new Import(
        this,
        builder,
        isAugmentationImport,
        deferred,
        prefix,
        combinators,
        configurations,
        charOffset,
        prefixCharOffset,
        importIndex,
        nativeImportPath: nativePath));
  }

  void addPart(List<MetadataBuilder>? metadata, String uri, int charOffset) {
    Uri resolvedUri;
    Uri newFileUri;
    resolvedUri = resolve(this.importUri, uri, charOffset, isPart: true);
    newFileUri = resolve(fileUri, uri, charOffset);
    // TODO(johnniwinther): Add a LibraryPartBuilder instead of using
    // [LibraryBuilder] to represent both libraries and parts.
    parts.add(loader.read(resolvedUri, charOffset,
        fileUri: newFileUri, accessor: this));
    partOffsets.add(charOffset);

    // TODO(ahe): [metadata] should be stored, evaluated, and added to [part].
    LibraryPart part = new LibraryPart(<Expression>[], uri)
      ..fileOffset = charOffset;
    library.addPart(part);
  }

  void addPartOf(List<MetadataBuilder>? metadata, String? name, String? uri,
      int uriOffset) {
    partOfName = name;
    if (uri != null) {
      partOfUri = resolve(this.importUri, uri, uriOffset);
      Uri newFileUri = resolve(fileUri, uri, uriOffset);
      loader.read(partOfUri!, uriOffset, fileUri: newFileUri, accessor: this);
    }
  }

  void addFields(List<MetadataBuilder>? metadata, int modifiers,
      bool isTopLevel, TypeBuilder? type, List<FieldInfo> fieldInfos) {
    for (FieldInfo info in fieldInfos) {
      bool isConst = modifiers & constMask != 0;
      bool isFinal = modifiers & finalMask != 0;
      bool potentiallyNeedInitializerInOutline = isConst || isFinal;
      Token? startToken;
      if (potentiallyNeedInitializerInOutline || type == null) {
        startToken = info.initializerToken;
      }
      if (startToken != null) {
        // Extract only the tokens for the initializer expression from the
        // token stream.
        Token endToken = info.beforeLast!;
        endToken.setNext(new Token.eof(endToken.next!.offset));
        new Token.eof(startToken.previous!.offset).setNext(startToken);
      }
      bool hasInitializer = info.initializerToken != null;
      addField(metadata, modifiers, isTopLevel, type, info.name,
          info.charOffset, info.charEndOffset, startToken, hasInitializer,
          constInitializerToken:
              potentiallyNeedInitializerInOutline ? startToken : null);
    }
  }

  @override
  Builder? addBuilder(String? name, Builder declaration, int charOffset,
      {Reference? getterReference, Reference? setterReference}) {
    // TODO(ahe): Set the parent correctly here. Could then change the
    // implementation of MemberBuilder.isTopLevel to test explicitly for a
    // LibraryBuilder.
    if (name == null) {
      unhandled("null", "name", charOffset, fileUri);
    }
    if (getterReference != null) {
      loader.buildersCreatedWithReferences[getterReference] = declaration;
    }
    if (setterReference != null) {
      loader.buildersCreatedWithReferences[setterReference] = declaration;
    }
    if (currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder == _libraryTypeParameterScopeBuilder) {
      if (declaration is MemberBuilder) {
        declaration.parent = this;
      } else if (declaration is TypeDeclarationBuilder) {
        declaration.parent = this;
      } else if (declaration is PrefixBuilder) {
        assert(declaration.parent == this);
      } else {
        return unhandled(
            "${declaration.runtimeType}", "addBuilder", charOffset, fileUri);
      }
    } else {
      assert(currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.parent ==
          _libraryTypeParameterScopeBuilder);
    }
    bool isConstructor = declaration is FunctionBuilder &&
        (declaration.isConstructor || declaration.isFactory);
    if (!isConstructor && name == currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.name) {
      addProblem(
          messageMemberWithSameNameAsClass, charOffset, noLength, fileUri);
    }
    Map<String, Builder> members = isConstructor
        ? currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.constructors!
        : (declaration.isSetter
            ? currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.setters!
            : currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.members!);
    Builder? existing = members[name];

    if (existing == declaration) return existing;

    if (declaration.next != null && declaration.next != existing) {
      unexpected(
          "${declaration.next!.fileUri}@${declaration.next!.charOffset}",
          "${existing?.fileUri}@${existing?.charOffset}",
          declaration.charOffset,
          declaration.fileUri);
    }
    declaration.next = existing;
    if (declaration is PrefixBuilder && existing is PrefixBuilder) {
      assert(existing.next is! PrefixBuilder);
      Builder? deferred;
      Builder? other;
      if (declaration.deferred) {
        deferred = declaration;
        other = existing;
      } else if (existing.deferred) {
        deferred = existing;
        other = declaration;
      }
      if (deferred != null) {
        addProblem(templateDeferredPrefixDuplicated.withArguments(name),
            deferred.charOffset, noLength, fileUri,
            context: [
              templateDeferredPrefixDuplicatedCause
                  .withArguments(name)
                  .withLocation(fileUri, other!.charOffset, noLength)
            ]);
      }
      return existing
        ..exportScope.merge(declaration.exportScope,
            (String name, Builder existing, Builder member) {
          return computeAmbiguousDeclaration(
              name, existing, member, charOffset);
        });
    } else if (isDuplicatedDeclaration(existing, declaration)) {
      String fullName = name;
      if (isConstructor) {
        if (name.isEmpty) {
          fullName = currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.name;
        } else {
          fullName = "${currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.name}.$name";
        }
      }
      addProblem(templateDuplicatedDeclaration.withArguments(fullName),
          charOffset, fullName.length, declaration.fileUri!,
          context: <LocatedMessage>[
            templateDuplicatedDeclarationCause
                .withArguments(fullName)
                .withLocation(
                    existing!.fileUri!, existing.charOffset, fullName.length)
          ]);
    } else if (declaration.isExtension) {
      // We add the extension declaration to the extension scope only if its
      // name is unique. Only the first of duplicate extensions is accessible
      // by name or by resolution and the remaining are dropped for the output.
      currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.extensions!
          .add(declaration as SourceExtensionBuilder);
    }
    if (declaration is PrefixBuilder) {
      _prefixBuilders ??= <PrefixBuilder>[];
      _prefixBuilders!.add(declaration);
    }
    return members[name] = declaration;
  }

  bool isDuplicatedDeclaration(Builder? existing, Builder other) {
    if (existing == null) return false;
    Builder? next = existing.next;
    if (next == null) {
      if (existing.isGetter && other.isSetter) return false;
      if (existing.isSetter && other.isGetter) return false;
    } else {
      if (next is ClassBuilder && !next.isMixinApplication) return true;
    }
    if (existing is ClassBuilder && other is ClassBuilder) {
      // We allow multiple mixin applications with the same name. An
      // alternative is to share these mixin applications. This situation can
      // happen if you have `class A extends Object with Mixin {}` and `class B
      // extends Object with Mixin {}` in the same library.
      return !existing.isMixinApplication || !other.isMixinApplication;
    }
    return true;
  }

  /// Checks [scope] for conflicts between setters and non-setters and reports
  /// them in [sourceLibraryBuilder].
  ///
  /// If [checkForInstanceVsStaticConflict] is `true`, conflicts between
  /// instance and static members of the same name are reported.
  ///
  /// If [checkForMethodVsSetterConflict] is `true`, conflicts between
  /// methods and setters of the same name are reported.
  static void checkMemberConflicts(
      SourceLibraryBuilder sourceLibraryBuilder, Scope scope,
      {required bool checkForInstanceVsStaticConflict,
      required bool checkForMethodVsSetterConflict}) {
    // ignore: unnecessary_null_comparison
    assert(checkForInstanceVsStaticConflict != null);
    // ignore: unnecessary_null_comparison
    assert(checkForMethodVsSetterConflict != null);

    scope.forEachLocalSetter((String name, MemberBuilder setter) {
      Builder? getable = scope.lookupLocalMember(name, setter: false);
      if (getable == null) {
        // Setter without getter.
        return;
      }

      bool isConflictingSetter = false;
      Set<Builder> conflictingGetables = {};
      for (Builder? currentGetable = getable;
          currentGetable != null;
          currentGetable = currentGetable.next) {
        if (currentGetable is FieldBuilder) {
          if (currentGetable.isAssignable) {
            // Setter with writable field.
            isConflictingSetter = true;
            conflictingGetables.add(currentGetable);
          }
        } else if (checkForMethodVsSetterConflict && !currentGetable.isGetter) {
          // Setter with method.
          conflictingGetables.add(currentGetable);
        }
      }
      for (SourceMemberBuilderImpl? currentSetter =
              setter as SourceMemberBuilderImpl?;
          currentSetter != null;
          currentSetter = currentSetter.next as SourceMemberBuilderImpl?) {
        bool conflict = conflictingGetables.isNotEmpty;
        for (Builder? currentGetable = getable;
            currentGetable != null;
            currentGetable = currentGetable.next) {
          if (checkForInstanceVsStaticConflict &&
              currentGetable.isDeclarationInstanceMember !=
                  currentSetter.isDeclarationInstanceMember) {
            conflict = true;
            conflictingGetables.add(currentGetable);
          }
        }
        if (isConflictingSetter) {
          currentSetter.isConflictingSetter = true;
        }
        if (conflict) {
          if (currentSetter.isConflictingSetter) {
            sourceLibraryBuilder.addProblem(
                templateConflictsWithImplicitSetter.withArguments(name),
                currentSetter.charOffset,
                noLength,
                currentSetter.fileUri);
          } else {
            sourceLibraryBuilder.addProblem(
                templateConflictsWithMember.withArguments(name),
                currentSetter.charOffset,
                noLength,
                currentSetter.fileUri);
          }
        }
      }
      for (Builder conflictingGetable in conflictingGetables) {
        // TODO(ahe): Context argument to previous message?
        sourceLibraryBuilder.addProblem(
            templateConflictsWithSetter.withArguments(name),
            conflictingGetable.charOffset,
            noLength,
            conflictingGetable.fileUri!);
      }
    });
  }

  /// Builds the core AST structure of this library as needed for the outline.
  Library build(LibraryBuilder coreLibrary, {bool modifyTarget: true}) {
    // TODO(johnniwinther): Avoid the need to process patch libraries before
    // the origin. Currently, settings performed by the patch are overridden
    // by the origin. For instance, the `Map` class is abstract in the origin
    // but (unintentionally) concrete in the patch. By processing the origin
    // last the `isAbstract` property set by the patch is corrected by the
    // origin.
    Iterable<SourceLibraryBuilder>? patches = this.patchLibraries;
    if (patches != null) {
      for (SourceLibraryBuilder patchLibrary in patches) {
        patchLibrary.build(coreLibrary, modifyTarget: modifyTarget);
      }
    }

    checkMemberConflicts(this, scope,
        checkForInstanceVsStaticConflict: false,
        checkForMethodVsSetterConflict: true);

    Iterator<Builder> iterator = this.iterator;
    while (iterator.moveNext()) {
      buildBuilder(iterator.current, coreLibrary);
    }

    if (!modifyTarget) return library;

    library.isSynthetic = isSynthetic;
    library.isUnsupported = isUnsupported;
    addDependencies(library, new Set<SourceLibraryBuilder>());

    library.name = name;
    library.procedures.sort(compareProcedures);

    if (unserializableExports != null) {
      Name fieldName = new Name("_exports#", library);
      Reference? fieldReference =
          referencesFromIndexed?.lookupFieldReference(fieldName);
      Reference? getterReference =
          referencesFromIndexed?.lookupGetterReference(fieldName);
      library.addField(new Field.immutable(fieldName,
          initializer: new StringLiteral(jsonEncode(unserializableExports)),
          isStatic: true,
          isConst: true,
          fieldReference: fieldReference,
          getterReference: getterReference,
          fileUri: library.fileUri));
    }

    return library;
  }

  void validatePart(SourceLibraryBuilder? library, Set<Uri>? usedParts) {
    if (library != null && parts.isNotEmpty) {
      // If [library] is null, we have already reported a problem that this
      // part is orphaned.
      List<LocatedMessage> context = <LocatedMessage>[
        messagePartInPartLibraryContext.withLocation(library.fileUri, -1, 1),
      ];
      for (int offset in partOffsets) {
        addProblem(messagePartInPart, offset, noLength, fileUri,
            context: context);
      }
      for (LibraryBuilder part in parts) {
        // Mark this part as used so we don't report it as orphaned.
        usedParts!.add(part.importUri);
      }
    }
    parts.clear();
    if (exporters.isNotEmpty) {
      List<LocatedMessage> context = <LocatedMessage>[
        messagePartExportContext.withLocation(fileUri, -1, 1),
      ];
      for (Export export in exporters) {
        export.exporter.addProblem(
            messagePartExport, export.charOffset, "export".length, null,
            context: context);
        if (library != null) {
          // Recovery: Export the main library instead.
          export.exported = library;
          SourceLibraryBuilder exporter =
              export.exporter as SourceLibraryBuilder;
          for (Export export2 in exporter.exports) {
            if (export2.exported == this) {
              export2.exported = library;
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

  void includeParts(Set<Uri> usedParts) {
    Set<Uri> seenParts = new Set<Uri>();
    for (int i = 0; i < parts.length; i++) {
      LibraryBuilder part = parts[i];
      int partOffset = partOffsets[i];
      if (part == this) {
        addProblem(messagePartOfSelf, -1, noLength, fileUri);
      } else if (seenParts.add(part.fileUri)) {
        if (part.partOfLibrary != null) {
          addProblem(messagePartOfTwoLibraries, -1, noLength, part.fileUri,
              context: [
                messagePartOfTwoLibrariesContext.withLocation(
                    part.partOfLibrary!.fileUri, -1, noLength),
                messagePartOfTwoLibrariesContext.withLocation(
                    this.fileUri, -1, noLength)
              ]);
        } else {
          if (isPatch) {
            usedParts.add(part.fileUri);
          } else {
            usedParts.add(part.importUri);
          }
          includePart(part, usedParts, partOffset);
        }
      } else {
        addProblem(templatePartTwice.withArguments(part.fileUri), -1, noLength,
            fileUri);
      }
    }
  }

  bool includePart(LibraryBuilder part, Set<Uri> usedParts, int partOffset) {
    if (part is SourceLibraryBuilder) {
      if (part.partOfUri != null) {
        if (uriIsValid(part.partOfUri!) && part.partOfUri != importUri) {
          // This is an error, but the part is not removed from the list of
          // parts, so that metadata annotations can be associated with it.
          addProblem(
              templatePartOfUriMismatch.withArguments(
                  part.fileUri, importUri, part.partOfUri!),
              partOffset,
              noLength,
              fileUri);
          return false;
        }
      } else if (part.partOfName != null) {
        if (name != null) {
          if (part.partOfName != name) {
            // This is an error, but the part is not removed from the list of
            // parts, so that metadata annotations can be associated with it.
            addProblem(
                templatePartOfLibraryNameMismatch.withArguments(
                    part.fileUri, name!, part.partOfName!),
                partOffset,
                noLength,
                fileUri);
            return false;
          }
        } else {
          // This is an error, but the part is not removed from the list of
          // parts, so that metadata annotations can be associated with it.
          addProblem(
              templatePartOfUseUri.withArguments(
                  part.fileUri, fileUri, part.partOfName!),
              partOffset,
              noLength,
              fileUri);
          return false;
        }
      } else {
        // This is an error, but the part is not removed from the list of parts,
        // so that metadata annotations can be associated with it.
        assert(!part.isPart);
        if (uriIsValid(part.fileUri)) {
          addProblem(templateMissingPartOf.withArguments(part.fileUri),
              partOffset, noLength, fileUri);
        }
        return false;
      }

      // Language versions have to match. Except if (at least) one of them is
      // invalid in which case we've already gotten an error about this.
      if (languageVersion != part.languageVersion &&
          languageVersion.valid &&
          part.languageVersion.valid) {
        // This is an error, but the part is not removed from the list of
        // parts, so that metadata annotations can be associated with it.
        List<LocatedMessage> context = <LocatedMessage>[];
        if (languageVersion.isExplicit) {
          context.add(messageLanguageVersionLibraryContext.withLocation(
              languageVersion.fileUri!,
              languageVersion.charOffset,
              languageVersion.charCount));
        }
        if (part.languageVersion.isExplicit) {
          context.add(messageLanguageVersionPartContext.withLocation(
              part.languageVersion.fileUri!,
              part.languageVersion.charOffset,
              part.languageVersion.charCount));
        }
        addProblem(
            messageLanguageVersionMismatchInPart, partOffset, noLength, fileUri,
            context: context);
      }

      part.validatePart(this, usedParts);
      NameIterator partDeclarations = part.nameIterator;
      while (partDeclarations.moveNext()) {
        String name = partDeclarations.name;
        Builder declaration = partDeclarations.current;

        if (declaration.next != null) {
          List<Builder> duplicated = <Builder>[];
          while (declaration.next != null) {
            duplicated.add(declaration);
            partDeclarations.moveNext();
            declaration = partDeclarations.current;
          }
          duplicated.add(declaration);
          // Handle duplicated declarations in the part.
          //
          // Duplicated declarations are handled by creating a linked list using
          // the `next` field. This is preferred over making all scope entries
          // be a `List<Declaration>`.
          //
          // We maintain the linked list so that the last entry is easy to
          // recognize (it's `next` field is null). This means that it is
          // reversed with respect to source code order. Since kernel doesn't
          // allow duplicated declarations, we ensure that we only add the first
          // declaration to the kernel tree.
          //
          // Since the duplicated declarations are stored in reverse order, we
          // iterate over them in reverse order as this is simpler and normally
          // not a problem. However, in this case we need to call [addBuilder]
          // in source order as it would otherwise create cycles.
          //
          // We also need to be careful preserving the order of the links. The
          // part library still keeps these declarations in its scope so that
          // DietListener can find them.
          for (int i = duplicated.length; i > 0; i--) {
            Builder declaration = duplicated[i - 1];
            // No reference: There should be no duplicates when using
            // references.
            addBuilder(name, declaration, declaration.charOffset);
          }
        } else {
          // No reference: The part is in the same loader so the reference
          // - if needed - was already added.
          addBuilder(name, declaration, declaration.charOffset);
        }
      }
      unresolvedNamedTypes.addAll(part.unresolvedNamedTypes);
      constructorReferences.addAll(part.constructorReferences);
      part.partOfLibrary = this;
      part.scope.becomePartOf(scope);
      // TODO(ahe): Include metadata from part?

      // Recovery: Take on all exporters (i.e. if a library has erroneously
      // exported the part it has (in validatePart) been recovered to import the
      // main library (this) instead --- to make it complete (and set up scopes
      // correctly) the exporters in this has to be updated too).
      exporters.addAll(part.exporters);

      nativeMethods.addAll(part.nativeMethods);
      unboundTypeVariables.addAll(part.unboundTypeVariables);
      // Check that the targets are different. This is not normally a problem
      // but is for patch files.
      if (library != part.library && part.library.problemsAsJson != null) {
        (library.problemsAsJson ??= <String>[])
            .addAll(part.library.problemsAsJson!);
      }
      List<SourceFieldBuilder> partImplicitlyTypedFields = [];
      part.collectImplicitlyTypedFields(partImplicitlyTypedFields);
      if (partImplicitlyTypedFields.isNotEmpty) {
        if (_implicitlyTypedFields == null) {
          _implicitlyTypedFields = partImplicitlyTypedFields;
        } else {
          _implicitlyTypedFields!.addAll(partImplicitlyTypedFields);
        }
      }
      if (library != part.library) {
        // Mark the part library as synthetic as it's not an actual library
        // (anymore).
        part.library.isSynthetic = true;
      }
      return true;
    } else {
      assert(part is DillLibraryBuilder);
      // Trying to add a dill library builder as a part means that it exists
      // as a stand-alone library in the dill file.
      // This means, that it's not a part (if it had been it would be been
      // "merged in" to the real library and thus not been a library on its own)
      // so we behave like if it's a library with a missing "part of"
      // declaration (i.e. as it was a SourceLibraryBuilder without a "part of"
      // declaration).
      if (uriIsValid(part.fileUri)) {
        addProblem(templateMissingPartOf.withArguments(part.fileUri),
            partOffset, noLength, fileUri);
      }
      return false;
    }
  }

  void buildInitialScopes() {
    Iterable<SourceLibraryBuilder>? patches = this.patchLibraries;
    if (patches != null) {
      for (SourceLibraryBuilder patchLibrary in patches) {
        patchLibrary.buildInitialScopes();
      }
    }

    NameIterator iterator = nameIterator;
    while (iterator.moveNext()) {
      addToExportScope(iterator.name, iterator.current);
    }
  }

  void addImportsToScope() {
    Iterable<SourceLibraryBuilder>? patches = this.patchLibraries;
    if (patches != null) {
      for (SourceLibraryBuilder patchLibrary in patches) {
        patchLibrary.addImportsToScope();
      }
    }

    bool explicitCoreImport = this == loader.coreLibrary;
    for (Import import in imports) {
      if (import.imported?.isPart ?? false) {
        addProblem(
            templatePartOfInLibrary.withArguments(import.imported!.fileUri),
            import.charOffset,
            noLength,
            fileUri);
        if (import.imported?.partOfLibrary != null) {
          // Recovery: Rewrite to import the "part owner" library.
          // Note that the part will not have a partOfLibrary if it claims to be
          // a part, but isn't mentioned as a part by the (would-be) "parent".
          import.imported = import.imported?.partOfLibrary;
        }
      }
      if (import.imported == loader.coreLibrary) {
        explicitCoreImport = true;
      }
      import.finalizeImports(this);
    }
    if (!explicitCoreImport) {
      loader.coreLibrary.exportScope.forEach((String name, Builder member) {
        addToScope(name, member, -1, true);
      });
    }

    exportScope.forEach((String name, Builder member) {
      if (member.parent != this) {
        switch (name) {
          case "dynamic":
          case "void":
          case "Never":
            unserializableExports ??= <String, String?>{};
            unserializableExports![name] = null;
            break;

          default:
            if (member is InvalidTypeDeclarationBuilder) {
              unserializableExports ??= <String, String>{};
              unserializableExports![name] = member.message.problemMessage;
            } else {
              // Eventually (in #buildBuilder) members aren't added to the
              // library if the have 'next' pointers, so don't add them as
              // additionalExports either. Add the last one only (the one that
              // will eventually be added to the library).
              Builder memberLast = member;
              while (memberLast.next != null) {
                memberLast = memberLast.next!;
              }
              if (memberLast is ClassBuilder) {
                library.additionalExports.add(memberLast.cls.reference);
              } else if (memberLast is TypeAliasBuilder) {
                library.additionalExports.add(memberLast.typedef.reference);
              } else if (memberLast is ExtensionBuilder) {
                library.additionalExports.add(memberLast.extension.reference);
              } else if (memberLast is MemberBuilder) {
                for (Member member in memberLast.exportedMembers) {
                  if (member is Field) {
                    // For fields add both getter and setter references
                    // so replacing a field with a getter/setter pair still
                    // exports correctly.
                    library.additionalExports.add(member.getterReference);
                    if (member.hasSetter) {
                      library.additionalExports.add(member.setterReference!);
                    }
                  } else {
                    library.additionalExports.add(member.reference);
                  }
                }
              } else {
                unhandled('member', 'exportScope', memberLast.charOffset,
                    memberLast.fileUri);
              }
            }
        }
      }
    });
  }

  @override
  void addToScope(String name, Builder member, int charOffset, bool isImport) {
    Builder? existing =
        importScope.lookupLocalMember(name, setter: member.isSetter);
    if (existing != null) {
      if (existing != member) {
        importScope.addLocalMember(
            name,
            computeAmbiguousDeclaration(name, existing, member, charOffset,
                isImport: isImport),
            setter: member.isSetter);
      }
    } else {
      importScope.addLocalMember(name, member, setter: member.isSetter);
    }
    if (member.isExtension) {
      importScope.addExtension(member as ExtensionBuilder);
    }
  }

  /// Resolves all unresolved types in [unresolvedNamedTypes]. The list of types
  /// is cleared when done.
  int resolveTypes() {
    int typeCount = 0;

    Iterable<SourceLibraryBuilder>? patches = this.patchLibraries;
    if (patches != null) {
      for (SourceLibraryBuilder patchLibrary in patches) {
        typeCount += patchLibrary.resolveTypes();
      }
    }

    typeCount += unresolvedNamedTypes.length;
    for (NamedTypeBuilder namedType in unresolvedNamedTypes) {
      namedType.resolveIn(
          scope, namedType.charOffset!, namedType.fileUri!, this);
      namedType.check(this, namedType.charOffset!, namedType.fileUri!);
    }
    unresolvedNamedTypes.clear();
    return typeCount;
  }

  void installDefaultSupertypes(
      ClassBuilder objectClassBuilder, Class objectClass) {
    Iterable<SourceLibraryBuilder>? patches = this.patchLibraries;
    if (patches != null) {
      for (SourceLibraryBuilder patchLibrary in patches) {
        patchLibrary.installDefaultSupertypes(objectClassBuilder, objectClass);
      }
    }

    Iterator<Builder> iterator = this.iterator;
    while (iterator.moveNext()) {
      Builder declaration = iterator.current;
      if (declaration is SourceClassBuilder) {
        Class cls = declaration.cls;
        if (cls != objectClass) {
          cls.supertype ??= objectClass.asRawSupertype;
          declaration.supertypeBuilder ??= new NamedTypeBuilder(
              "Object",
              const NullabilityBuilder.omitted(),
              /* arguments = */ null,
              /* fileUri = */ null,
              /* charOffset = */ null,
              instanceTypeVariableAccess:
                  InstanceTypeVariableAccessState.Unexpected)
            ..bind(objectClassBuilder);
        }
        if (declaration.isMixinApplication) {
          cls.mixedInType = declaration.mixedInTypeBuilder!.buildMixedInType(
              this, declaration.charOffset, declaration.fileUri);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  void collectSourceClasses(List<SourceClassBuilder> sourceClasses) {
    Iterable<SourceLibraryBuilder>? patches = this.patchLibraries;
    if (patches != null) {
      for (SourceLibraryBuilder patchLibrary in patches) {
        patchLibrary.collectSourceClasses(sourceClasses);
      }
    }

    Iterator<Builder> iterator = this.iterator;
    while (iterator.moveNext()) {
      Builder member = iterator.current;
      if (member is SourceClassBuilder && !member.isPatch) {
        sourceClasses.add(member);
      }
    }
  }

  /// Resolve constructors (lookup names in scope) recorded in this builder and
  /// return the number of constructors resolved.
  int resolveConstructors() {
    int count = 0;

    Iterable<SourceLibraryBuilder>? patches = this.patchLibraries;
    if (patches != null) {
      for (SourceLibraryBuilder patchLibrary in patches) {
        count += patchLibrary.resolveConstructors();
      }
    }

    Iterator<Builder> iterator = this.iterator;
    while (iterator.moveNext()) {
      Builder builder = iterator.current;
      if (builder is SourceClassBuilder) {
        count += builder.resolveConstructors(this);
      }
    }
    return count;
  }

  @override
  String get fullNameForErrors {
    // TODO(ahe): Consider if we should use relativizeUri here. The downside to
    // doing that is that this URI may be used in an error message. Ideally, we
    // should create a class that represents qualified names that we can
    // relativize when printing a message, but still store the full URI in
    // .dill files.
    return name ?? "<library '$fileUri'>";
  }

  @override
  void recordAccess(int charOffset, int length, Uri fileUri) {
    accessors.add(fileUri);
    accessors.add(charOffset);
    accessors.add(length);
    if (accessProblem != null) {
      addProblem(accessProblem!, charOffset, length, fileUri);
    }
  }

  void addProblemAtAccessors(Message message) {
    if (accessProblem == null) {
      if (accessors.isEmpty && this == loader.first) {
        // This is the entry point library, and nobody access it directly. So
        // we need to report a problem.
        loader.addProblem(message, -1, 1, null);
      }
      for (int i = 0; i < accessors.length; i += 3) {
        Uri accessor = accessors[i] as Uri;
        int charOffset = accessors[i + 1] as int;
        int length = accessors[i + 2] as int;
        addProblem(message, charOffset, length, accessor);
      }
      accessProblem = message;
    }
  }

  @override
  SourceLibraryBuilder get origin => _origin ?? this;

  @override
  Uri get importUri => library.importUri;

  @override
  void addSyntheticDeclarationOfDynamic() {
    addBuilder("dynamic",
        new DynamicTypeDeclarationBuilder(const DynamicType(), this, -1), -1);
  }

  @override
  void addSyntheticDeclarationOfNever() {
    addBuilder(
        "Never",
        new NeverTypeDeclarationBuilder(
            const NeverType.nonNullable(), this, -1),
        -1);
  }

  @override
  void addSyntheticDeclarationOfNull() {
    // TODO(dmitryas): Uncomment the following when the Null class is removed
    // from the SDK.
    //addBuilder("Null", new NullTypeBuilder(const NullType(), this, -1), -1);
  }

  TypeBuilder addNamedType(Object name, NullabilityBuilder nullabilityBuilder,
      List<TypeBuilder>? arguments, int charOffset,
      {required InstanceTypeVariableAccessState instanceTypeVariableAccess}) {
    return registerUnresolvedNamedType(new NamedTypeBuilder(
        name, nullabilityBuilder, arguments, fileUri, charOffset,
        instanceTypeVariableAccess: instanceTypeVariableAccess));
  }

  TypeBuilder addMixinApplication(
      TypeBuilder? supertype, List<TypeBuilder> mixins, int charOffset) {
    return new MixinApplicationBuilder(supertype, mixins, fileUri, charOffset);
  }

  TypeBuilder addVoidType(int charOffset) {
    // 'void' is always nullable.
    return addNamedType(
        "void", const NullabilityBuilder.inherent(), null, charOffset,
        instanceTypeVariableAccess: InstanceTypeVariableAccessState.Unexpected)
      ..bind(
          new VoidTypeDeclarationBuilder(const VoidType(), this, charOffset));
  }

  void _checkBadFunctionParameter(List<TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariables) {
    if (typeVariables == null || typeVariables.isEmpty) {
      return;
    }

    for (TypeVariableBuilder type in typeVariables) {
      if (type.name == "Function") {
        addProblem(messageFunctionAsTypeParameter, type.charOffset,
            type.name.length, type.fileUri!);
      }
    }
  }

  void _checkBadFunctionDeclUse(
      String className, TypeParameterScopeKind kind, int charOffset) {
    String? decType;
    switch (kind) {
      case TypeParameterScopeKind.classDeclaration:
        decType = "class";
        break;
      case TypeParameterScopeKind.mixinDeclaration:
        decType = "mixin";
        break;
      case TypeParameterScopeKind.extensionDeclaration:
        decType = "extension";
        break;
      default:
        break;
    }
    if (className != "Function") {
      return;
    }
    if (decType == "class" && importUri.isScheme("dart")) {
      // Allow declaration of class Function in the sdk.
      return;
    }
    if (decType != null) {
      addProblem(templateFunctionUsedAsDec.withArguments(decType), charOffset,
          className.length, fileUri);
    }
  }

  /// Add a problem that might not be reported immediately.
  ///
  /// Problems will be issued after source information has been added.
  /// Once the problems has been issued, adding a new "postponed" problem will
  /// be issued immediately.
  void addPostponedProblem(
      Message message, int charOffset, int length, Uri fileUri) {
    if (postponedProblemsIssued) {
      addProblem(message, charOffset, length, fileUri);
    } else {
      postponedProblems ??= <PostponedProblem>[];
      postponedProblems!
          .add(new PostponedProblem(message, charOffset, length, fileUri));
    }
  }

  void issuePostponedProblems() {
    postponedProblemsIssued = true;
    if (postponedProblems == null) return;
    for (int i = 0; i < postponedProblems!.length; ++i) {
      PostponedProblem postponedProblem = postponedProblems![i];
      addProblem(postponedProblem.message, postponedProblem.charOffset,
          postponedProblem.length, postponedProblem.fileUri);
    }
    postponedProblems = null;
  }

  @override
  FormattedMessage? addProblem(
      Message message, int charOffset, int length, Uri? fileUri,
      {bool wasHandled: false,
      List<LocatedMessage>? context,
      Severity? severity,
      bool problemOnLibrary: false}) {
    FormattedMessage? formattedMessage = super.addProblem(
        message, charOffset, length, fileUri,
        wasHandled: wasHandled,
        context: context,
        severity: severity,
        problemOnLibrary: true);
    if (formattedMessage != null) {
      library.problemsAsJson ??= <String>[];
      library.problemsAsJson!.add(formattedMessage.toJsonString());
    }
    return formattedMessage;
  }

  void addClass(
      List<MetadataBuilder>? metadata,
      int modifiers,
      String className,
      List<TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariables,
      TypeBuilder? supertype,
      List<TypeBuilder>? interfaces,
      int startOffset,
      int nameOffset,
      int endOffset,
      int supertypeOffset,
      {required bool isMacro,
      required bool isAugmentation}) {
    _addClass(
        TypeParameterScopeKind.classDeclaration,
        metadata,
        modifiers,
        className,
        typeVariables,
        supertype,
        interfaces,
        startOffset,
        nameOffset,
        endOffset,
        supertypeOffset,
        isMacro: isMacro,
        isAugmentation: isAugmentation);
  }

  void addMixinDeclaration(
      List<MetadataBuilder>? metadata,
      int modifiers,
      String className,
      List<TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariables,
      TypeBuilder? supertype,
      List<TypeBuilder>? interfaces,
      int startOffset,
      int nameOffset,
      int endOffset,
      int supertypeOffset,
      {required bool isAugmentation}) {
    _addClass(
        TypeParameterScopeKind.mixinDeclaration,
        metadata,
        modifiers,
        className,
        typeVariables,
        supertype,
        interfaces,
        startOffset,
        nameOffset,
        endOffset,
        supertypeOffset,
        isMacro: false,
        isAugmentation: isAugmentation);
  }

  void _addClass(
      TypeParameterScopeKind kind,
      List<MetadataBuilder>? metadata,
      int modifiers,
      String className,
      List<TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariables,
      TypeBuilder? supertype,
      List<TypeBuilder>? interfaces,
      int startOffset,
      int nameOffset,
      int endOffset,
      int supertypeOffset,
      {required bool isMacro,
      required bool isAugmentation}) {
    _checkBadFunctionDeclUse(className, kind, nameOffset);
    _checkBadFunctionParameter(typeVariables);
    // Nested declaration began in `OutlineBuilder.beginClassDeclaration`.
    TypeParameterScopeBuilder declaration =
        endNestedDeclaration(kind, className)
          ..resolveNamedTypes(typeVariables, this);
    assert(declaration.parent == _libraryTypeParameterScopeBuilder);
    Map<String, Builder> members = declaration.members!;
    Map<String, MemberBuilder> constructors = declaration.constructors!;
    Map<String, MemberBuilder> setters = declaration.setters!;

    Scope classScope = new Scope(
        local: members,
        setters: setters,
        parent: scope.withTypeVariables(typeVariables),
        debugName: "class $className",
        isModifiable: false);

    // When looking up a constructor, we don't consider type variables or the
    // library scope.
    ConstructorScope constructorScope =
        new ConstructorScope(className, constructors);
    bool isMixinDeclaration = false;
    if (modifiers & mixinDeclarationMask != 0) {
      isMixinDeclaration = true;
      modifiers = (modifiers & ~mixinDeclarationMask) | abstractMask;
    }
    if (declaration.declaresConstConstructor) {
      modifiers |= declaresConstConstructorMask;
    }
    ClassBuilder classBuilder = new SourceClassBuilder(
        metadata,
        modifiers,
        className,
        typeVariables,
        applyMixins(supertype, startOffset, nameOffset, endOffset, className,
            isMixinDeclaration,
            typeVariables: typeVariables,
            isMacro: false,
            // TODO(johnniwinther): How can we support class with mixins?
            isAugmentation: false),
        interfaces,
        // TODO(johnniwinther): Add the `on` clause types of a mixin declaration
        // here.
        null,
        classScope,
        constructorScope,
        this,
        new List<ConstructorReferenceBuilder>.of(constructorReferences),
        startOffset,
        nameOffset,
        endOffset,
        _currentClassReferencesFromIndexed,
        isMixinDeclaration: isMixinDeclaration,
        isMacro: isMacro,
        isAugmentation: isAugmentation);

    constructorReferences.clear();
    Map<String, TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariablesByName =
        checkTypeVariables(typeVariables, classBuilder);
    void setParent(String name, MemberBuilder? member) {
      while (member != null) {
        member.parent = classBuilder;
        member = member.next as MemberBuilder?;
      }
    }

    void setParentAndCheckConflicts(String name, Builder member) {
      if (typeVariablesByName != null) {
        TypeVariableBuilder? tv = typeVariablesByName[name];
        if (tv != null) {
          classBuilder.addProblem(
              templateConflictsWithTypeVariable.withArguments(name),
              member.charOffset,
              name.length,
              context: [
                messageConflictsWithTypeVariableCause.withLocation(
                    tv.fileUri!, tv.charOffset, name.length)
              ]);
        }
      }
      setParent(name, member as MemberBuilder);
    }

    members.forEach(setParentAndCheckConflicts);
    constructors.forEach(setParentAndCheckConflicts);
    setters.forEach(setParentAndCheckConflicts);
    addBuilder(className, classBuilder, nameOffset,
        getterReference: _currentClassReferencesFromIndexed?.cls.reference);
  }

  Map<String, TypeVariableBuilder>? checkTypeVariables(
      List<TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariables, Builder? owner) {
    if (typeVariables == null || typeVariables.isEmpty) return null;
    Map<String, TypeVariableBuilder> typeVariablesByName =
        <String, TypeVariableBuilder>{};
    for (TypeVariableBuilder tv in typeVariables) {
      TypeVariableBuilder? existing = typeVariablesByName[tv.name];
      if (existing != null) {
        if (existing.isExtensionTypeParameter) {
          // The type parameter from the extension is shadowed by the type
          // parameter from the member. Rename the shadowed type parameter.
          existing.parameter.name = '#${existing.name}';
          typeVariablesByName[tv.name] = tv;
        } else {
          addProblem(messageTypeVariableDuplicatedName, tv.charOffset,
              tv.name.length, fileUri,
              context: [
                templateTypeVariableDuplicatedNameCause
                    .withArguments(tv.name)
                    .withLocation(
                        fileUri, existing.charOffset, existing.name.length)
              ]);
        }
      } else {
        typeVariablesByName[tv.name] = tv;
        if (owner is ClassBuilder) {
          // Only classes and type variables can't have the same name. See
          // [#29555](https://github.com/dart-lang/sdk/issues/29555).
          if (tv.name == owner.name) {
            addProblem(messageTypeVariableSameNameAsEnclosing, tv.charOffset,
                tv.name.length, fileUri);
          }
        }
      }
    }
    return typeVariablesByName;
  }

  void checkGetterSetterTypes(ProcedureBuilder getterBuilder,
      ProcedureBuilder setterBuilder, TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment) {
    DartType getterType;
    List<TypeParameter>? getterExtensionTypeParameters;
    if (getterBuilder.isExtensionInstanceMember) {
      // An extension instance getter
      //
      //     extension E<T> on A {
      //       T get property => ...
      //     }
      //
      // is encoded as a top level method
      //
      //   T# E#get#property<T#>(A #this) => ...
      //
      Procedure procedure = getterBuilder.procedure;
      getterType = procedure.function.returnType;
      getterExtensionTypeParameters = procedure.function.typeParameters;
    } else {
      getterType = getterBuilder.procedure.getterType;
    }
    DartType setterType;
    if (setterBuilder.isExtensionInstanceMember) {
      // An extension instance setter
      //
      //     extension E<T> on A {
      //       void set property(T value) { ... }
      //     }
      //
      // is encoded as a top level method
      //
      //   void E#set#property<T#>(A #this, T# value) { ... }
      //
      Procedure procedure = setterBuilder.procedure;
      setterType = procedure.function.positionalParameters[1].type;
      if (getterExtensionTypeParameters != null &&
          getterExtensionTypeParameters.isNotEmpty) {
        // We substitute the setter type parameters for the getter type
        // parameters to check them below in a shared context.
        List<TypeParameter> setterExtensionTypeParameters =
            procedure.function.typeParameters;
        assert(getterExtensionTypeParameters.length ==
            setterExtensionTypeParameters.length);
        setterType = Substitution.fromPairs(
                setterExtensionTypeParameters,
                new List<DartType>.generate(
                    getterExtensionTypeParameters.length,
                    (int index) => new TypeParameterType.forAlphaRenaming(
                        setterExtensionTypeParameters[index],
                        getterExtensionTypeParameters![index])))
            .substituteType(setterType);
      }
    } else {
      setterType = setterBuilder.procedure.setterType;
    }

    if (getterType is InvalidType || setterType is InvalidType) {
      // Don't report a problem as something else is wrong that has already
      // been reported.
    } else {
      bool isValid = typeEnvironment.isSubtypeOf(
          getterType,
          setterType,
          library.isNonNullableByDefault
              ? SubtypeCheckMode.withNullabilities
              : SubtypeCheckMode.ignoringNullabilities);
      if (!isValid && !library.isNonNullableByDefault) {
        // Allow assignability in legacy libraries.
        isValid = typeEnvironment.isSubtypeOf(
            setterType, getterType, SubtypeCheckMode.ignoringNullabilities);
      }
      if (!isValid) {
        String getterMemberName = getterBuilder.fullNameForErrors;
        String setterMemberName = setterBuilder.fullNameForErrors;
        Template<Message Function(DartType, String, DartType, String, bool)>
            template = library.isNonNullableByDefault
                ? templateInvalidGetterSetterType
                : templateInvalidGetterSetterTypeLegacy;
        addProblem(
            template.withArguments(getterType, getterMemberName, setterType,
                setterMemberName, library.isNonNullableByDefault),
            getterBuilder.charOffset,
            getterBuilder.name.length,
            getterBuilder.fileUri,
            context: [
              templateInvalidGetterSetterTypeSetterContext
                  .withArguments(setterMemberName)
                  .withLocation(setterBuilder.fileUri!,
                      setterBuilder.charOffset, setterBuilder.name.length)
            ]);
      }
    }
  }

  void addExtensionDeclaration(
      List<MetadataBuilder>? metadata,
      int modifiers,
      String extensionName,
      List<TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariables,
      TypeBuilder type,
      ExtensionTypeShowHideClauseBuilder extensionTypeShowHideClauseBuilder,
      bool isExtensionTypeDeclaration,
      int startOffset,
      int nameOffset,
      int endOffset) {
    _checkBadFunctionDeclUse(
        extensionName, TypeParameterScopeKind.extensionDeclaration, nameOffset);
    _checkBadFunctionParameter(typeVariables);
    // Nested declaration began in `OutlineBuilder.beginExtensionDeclaration`.
    TypeParameterScopeBuilder declaration = endNestedDeclaration(
        TypeParameterScopeKind.extensionDeclaration, extensionName)
      ..resolveNamedTypes(typeVariables, this);
    assert(declaration.parent == _libraryTypeParameterScopeBuilder);
    Map<String, Builder> members = declaration.members!;
    Map<String, MemberBuilder> constructors = declaration.constructors!;
    Map<String, MemberBuilder> setters = declaration.setters!;

    Scope classScope = new Scope(
        local: members,
        setters: setters,
        parent: scope.withTypeVariables(typeVariables),
        debugName: "extension $extensionName",
        isModifiable: false);

    Extension? referenceFrom =
        referencesFromIndexed?.lookupExtension(extensionName);

    ExtensionBuilder extensionBuilder = new SourceExtensionBuilder(
        metadata,
        modifiers,
        extensionName,
        typeVariables,
        type,
        extensionTypeShowHideClauseBuilder,
        classScope,
        this,
        isExtensionTypeDeclaration,
        startOffset,
        nameOffset,
        endOffset,
        referenceFrom);
    constructorReferences.clear();
    Map<String, TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariablesByName =
        checkTypeVariables(typeVariables, extensionBuilder);
    void setParent(String name, MemberBuilder? member) {
      while (member != null) {
        member.parent = extensionBuilder;
        member = member.next as MemberBuilder?;
      }
    }

    void setParentAndCheckConflicts(String name, Builder member) {
      if (typeVariablesByName != null) {
        TypeVariableBuilder? tv = typeVariablesByName[name];
        if (tv != null) {
          extensionBuilder.addProblem(
              templateConflictsWithTypeVariable.withArguments(name),
              member.charOffset,
              name.length,
              context: [
                messageConflictsWithTypeVariableCause.withLocation(
                    tv.fileUri!, tv.charOffset, name.length)
              ]);
        }
      }
      setParent(name, member as MemberBuilder);
    }

    members.forEach(setParentAndCheckConflicts);
    constructors.forEach(setParentAndCheckConflicts);
    setters.forEach(setParentAndCheckConflicts);
    addBuilder(extensionName, extensionBuilder, nameOffset,
        getterReference: referenceFrom?.reference);
  }

  TypeBuilder? applyMixins(
      TypeBuilder? type,
      int startCharOffset,
      int charOffset,
      int charEndOffset,
      String subclassName,
      bool isMixinDeclaration,
      {List<MetadataBuilder>? metadata,
      String? name,
      List<TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariables,
      int modifiers: 0,
      List<TypeBuilder>? interfaces,
      required bool isMacro,
      required bool isAugmentation}) {
    if (name == null) {
      // The following parameters should only be used when building a named
      // mixin application.
      if (metadata != null) {
        unhandled("metadata", "unnamed mixin application", charOffset, fileUri);
      } else if (interfaces != null) {
        unhandled(
            "interfaces", "unnamed mixin application", charOffset, fileUri);
      }
    }
    if (type is MixinApplicationBuilder) {
      // Documentation below assumes the given mixin application is in one of
      // these forms:
      //
      //     class C extends S with M1, M2, M3;
      //     class Named = S with M1, M2, M3;
      //
      // When we refer to the subclass, we mean `C` or `Named`.

      /// The current supertype.
      ///
      /// Starts out having the value `S` and on each iteration of the loop
      /// below, it will take on the value corresponding to:
      ///
      /// 1. `S with M1`.
      /// 2. `(S with M1) with M2`.
      /// 3. `((S with M1) with M2) with M3`.
      TypeBuilder supertype = type.supertype ?? loader.target.objectType;

      /// The variable part of the mixin application's synthetic name. It
      /// starts out as the name of the superclass, but is only used after it
      /// has been combined with the name of the current mixin. In the examples
      /// from above, it will take these values:
      ///
      /// 1. `S&M1`
      /// 2. `S&M1&M2`
      /// 3. `S&M1&M2&M3`.
      ///
      /// The full name of the mixin application is obtained by prepending the
      /// name of the subclass (`C` or `Named` in the above examples) to the
      /// running name. For the example `C`, that leads to these full names:
      ///
      /// 1. `_C&S&M1`
      /// 2. `_C&S&M1&M2`
      /// 3. `_C&S&M1&M2&M3`.
      ///
      /// For a named mixin application, the last name has been given by the
      /// programmer, so for the example `Named` we see these full names:
      ///
      /// 1. `_Named&S&M1`
      /// 2. `_Named&S&M1&M2`
      /// 3. `Named`.
      String runningName = extractName(supertype.name);

      /// True when we're building a named mixin application. Notice that for
      /// the `Named` example above, this is only true on the last
      /// iteration because only the full mixin application is named.
      bool isNamedMixinApplication;

      /// The names of the type variables of the subclass.
      Set<String>? typeVariableNames;
      if (typeVariables != null) {
        typeVariableNames = new Set<String>();
        for (TypeVariableBuilder typeVariable in typeVariables) {
          typeVariableNames.add(typeVariable.name);
        }
      }

      /// Helper function that returns `true` if a type variable with a name
      /// from [typeVariableNames] is referenced in [type].
      bool usesTypeVariables(TypeBuilder? type) {
        if (type is NamedTypeBuilder) {
          if (type.declaration is TypeVariableBuilder) {
            return typeVariableNames!.contains(type.declaration!.name);
          }

          List<TypeBuilder>? typeArguments = type.arguments;
          if (typeArguments != null && typeVariables != null) {
            for (TypeBuilder argument in typeArguments) {
              if (usesTypeVariables(argument)) {
                return true;
              }
            }
          }
        } else if (type is FunctionTypeBuilder) {
          if (type.formals != null) {
            for (FormalParameterBuilder formal in type.formals!) {
              if (usesTypeVariables(formal.type)) {
                return true;
              }
            }
          }
          List<TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariables = type.typeVariables;
          if (typeVariables != null) {
            for (TypeVariableBuilder variable in typeVariables) {
              if (usesTypeVariables(variable.bound)) {
                return true;
              }
            }
          }
          return usesTypeVariables(type.returnType);
        }
        return false;
      }

      /// Iterate over the mixins from left to right. At the end of each
      /// iteration, a new [supertype] is computed that is the mixin
      /// application of [supertype] with the current mixin.
      for (int i = 0; i < type.mixins.length; i++) {
        TypeBuilder mixin = type.mixins[i];
        isNamedMixinApplication = name != null && mixin == type.mixins.last;
        bool isGeneric = false;
        if (!isNamedMixinApplication) {
          if (supertype is NamedTypeBuilder) {
            isGeneric = isGeneric || usesTypeVariables(supertype);
          }
          if (mixin is NamedTypeBuilder) {
            runningName += "&${extractName(mixin.name)}";
            isGeneric = isGeneric || usesTypeVariables(mixin);
          }
        }
        String fullname =
            isNamedMixinApplication ? name : "_$subclassName&$runningName";
        List<TypeVariableBuilder>? applicationTypeVariables;
        List<TypeBuilder>? applicationTypeArguments;
        if (isNamedMixinApplication) {
          // If this is a named mixin application, it must be given all the
          // declarated type variables.
          applicationTypeVariables = typeVariables;
        } else {
          // Otherwise, we pass the fresh type variables to the mixin
          // application in the same order as they're declared on the subclass.
          if (isGeneric) {
            this.beginNestedDeclaration(
                TypeParameterScopeKind.unnamedMixinApplication,
                "mixin application");

            applicationTypeVariables = copyTypeVariables(
                typeVariables!, currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder);

            List<NamedTypeBuilder> newTypes = <NamedTypeBuilder>[];
            if (supertype is NamedTypeBuilder && supertype.arguments != null) {
              for (int i = 0; i < supertype.arguments!.length; ++i) {
                supertype.arguments![i] = supertype.arguments![i]
                    .clone(newTypes, this, currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder);
              }
            }
            if (mixin is NamedTypeBuilder && mixin.arguments != null) {
              for (int i = 0; i < mixin.arguments!.length; ++i) {
                mixin.arguments![i] = mixin.arguments![i]
                    .clone(newTypes, this, currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder);
              }
            }
            for (NamedTypeBuilder newType in newTypes) {
              currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder
                  .registerUnresolvedNamedType(newType);
            }

            TypeParameterScopeBuilder mixinDeclaration = this
                .endNestedDeclaration(
                    TypeParameterScopeKind.unnamedMixinApplication,
                    "mixin application");
            mixinDeclaration.resolveNamedTypes(applicationTypeVariables, this);

            applicationTypeArguments = <TypeBuilder>[];
            for (TypeVariableBuilder typeVariable in typeVariables) {
              applicationTypeArguments.add(addNamedType(typeVariable.name,
                  const NullabilityBuilder.omitted(), null, charOffset,
                  instanceTypeVariableAccess:
                      InstanceTypeVariableAccessState.Allowed)
                ..bind(
                    // The type variable types passed as arguments to the
                    // generic class representing the anonymous mixin
                    // application should refer back to the type variables of
                    // the class that extend the anonymous mixin application.
                    typeVariable));
            }
          }
        }
        final int computedStartCharOffset =
            !isNamedMixinApplication || metadata == null
                ? startCharOffset
                : metadata.first.charOffset;

        IndexedClass? referencesFromIndexedClass;
        if (referencesFromIndexed != null) {
          referencesFromIndexedClass =
              referencesFromIndexed!.lookupIndexedClass(fullname);
        }

        SourceClassBuilder application = new SourceClassBuilder(
            isNamedMixinApplication ? metadata : null,
            isNamedMixinApplication
                ? modifiers | namedMixinApplicationMask
                : abstractMask,
            fullname,
            applicationTypeVariables,
            isMixinDeclaration ? null : supertype,
            isNamedMixinApplication
                ? interfaces
                : isMixinDeclaration
                    ? [supertype, mixin]
                    : null,
            null, // No `on` clause types.
            new Scope(
                local: <String, MemberBuilder>{},
                setters: <String, MemberBuilder>{},
                parent: scope.withTypeVariables(typeVariables),
                debugName: "mixin $fullname ",
                isModifiable: false),
            new ConstructorScope(fullname, <String, MemberBuilder>{}),
            this,
            <ConstructorReferenceBuilder>[],
            computedStartCharOffset,
            charOffset,
            charEndOffset,
            referencesFromIndexedClass,
            mixedInTypeBuilder: isMixinDeclaration ? null : mixin,
            isMacro: isNamedMixinApplication && isMacro,
            isAugmentation: isNamedMixinApplication && isAugmentation);
        // TODO(ahe, kmillikin): Should always be true?
        // pkg/analyzer/test/src/summary/resynthesize_kernel_test.dart can't
        // handle that :(
        application.cls.isAnonymousMixin = !isNamedMixinApplication;
        addBuilder(fullname, application, charOffset,
            getterReference: referencesFromIndexedClass?.cls.reference);
        supertype = addNamedType(fullname, const NullabilityBuilder.omitted(),
            applicationTypeArguments, charOffset,
            instanceTypeVariableAccess:
                InstanceTypeVariableAccessState.Allowed);
      }
      return supertype;
    } else {
      return type;
    }
  }

  void addNamedMixinApplication(
      List<MetadataBuilder>? metadata,
      String name,
      List<TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariables,
      int modifiers,
      TypeBuilder? mixinApplication,
      List<TypeBuilder>? interfaces,
      int startCharOffset,
      int charOffset,
      int charEndOffset,
      {required bool isMacro,
      required bool isAugmentation}) {
    // Nested declaration began in `OutlineBuilder.beginNamedMixinApplication`.
    endNestedDeclaration(TypeParameterScopeKind.namedMixinApplication, name)
        .resolveNamedTypes(typeVariables, this);
    TypeBuilder supertype = applyMixins(mixinApplication, startCharOffset,
        charOffset, charEndOffset, name, false,
        metadata: metadata,
        name: name,
        typeVariables: typeVariables,
        modifiers: modifiers,
        interfaces: interfaces,
        isMacro: isMacro,
        isAugmentation: isAugmentation)!;
    checkTypeVariables(typeVariables, supertype.declaration);
  }

  void addField(
      List<MetadataBuilder>? metadata,
      int modifiers,
      bool isTopLevel,
      TypeBuilder? type,
      String name,
      int charOffset,
      int charEndOffset,
      Token? initializerToken,
      bool hasInitializer,
      {Token? constInitializerToken}) {
    if (hasInitializer) {
      modifiers |= hasInitializerMask;
    }
    bool isLate = (modifiers & lateMask) != 0;
    bool isFinal = (modifiers & finalMask) != 0;
    bool isStatic = (modifiers & staticMask) != 0;
    bool isExternal = (modifiers & externalMask) != 0;
    final bool fieldIsLateWithLowering = isLate &&
        (loader.target.backendTarget.isLateFieldLoweringEnabled(
                hasInitializer: hasInitializer,
                isFinal: isFinal,
                isStatic: isTopLevel || isStatic) ||
            (loader.target.backendTarget.useStaticFieldLowering &&
                (isStatic || isTopLevel)));

    final bool isInstanceMember = currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.kind !=
            TypeParameterScopeKind.library &&
        (modifiers & staticMask) == 0;
    String? className;
    if (isInstanceMember) {
      className = currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.name;
    }
    final bool isExtensionMember = currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.kind ==
        TypeParameterScopeKind.extensionDeclaration;
    String? extensionName;
    if (isExtensionMember) {
      extensionName = currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.name;
    }

    Reference? fieldReference;
    Reference? fieldGetterReference;
    Reference? fieldSetterReference;
    Reference? lateIsSetFieldReference;
    Reference? lateIsSetGetterReference;
    Reference? lateIsSetSetterReference;
    Reference? lateGetterReference;
    Reference? lateSetterReference;

    NameScheme nameScheme = new NameScheme(
        isInstanceMember: isInstanceMember,
        className: className,
        isExtensionMember: isExtensionMember,
        extensionName: extensionName,
        libraryReference: referencesFrom?.reference ?? library.reference);
    if (referencesFrom != null) {
      IndexedContainer indexedContainer =
          (_currentClassReferencesFromIndexed ?? referencesFromIndexed)!;
      if (isExtensionMember && isInstanceMember && isExternal) {
        /// An external extension instance field is special. It is treated
        /// as an external getter/setter pair and is therefore encoded as a pair
        /// of top level methods using the extension instance member naming
        /// convention.
        fieldGetterReference = indexedContainer.lookupGetterReference(
            nameScheme.getProcedureName(ProcedureKind.Getter, name));
        fieldSetterReference = indexedContainer.lookupGetterReference(
            nameScheme.getProcedureName(ProcedureKind.Setter, name));
      } else {
        Name nameToLookup = nameScheme.getFieldName(FieldNameType.Field, name,
            isSynthesized: fieldIsLateWithLowering);
        fieldReference = indexedContainer.lookupFieldReference(nameToLookup);
        fieldGetterReference =
            indexedContainer.lookupGetterReference(nameToLookup);
        fieldSetterReference =
            indexedContainer.lookupSetterReference(nameToLookup);
      }

      if (fieldIsLateWithLowering) {
        Name lateIsSetName = nameScheme.getFieldName(
            FieldNameType.IsSetField, name,
            isSynthesized: fieldIsLateWithLowering);
        lateIsSetFieldReference =
            indexedContainer.lookupFieldReference(lateIsSetName);
        lateIsSetGetterReference =
            indexedContainer.lookupGetterReference(lateIsSetName);
        lateIsSetSetterReference =
            indexedContainer.lookupSetterReference(lateIsSetName);
        lateGetterReference = indexedContainer.lookupGetterReference(
            nameScheme.getFieldName(FieldNameType.Getter, name,
                isSynthesized: fieldIsLateWithLowering));
        lateSetterReference = indexedContainer.lookupSetterReference(
            nameScheme.getFieldName(FieldNameType.Setter, name,
                isSynthesized: fieldIsLateWithLowering));
      }
    }

    SourceFieldBuilder fieldBuilder = new SourceFieldBuilder(
        metadata,
        type,
        name,
        modifiers,
        isTopLevel,
        this,
        charOffset,
        charEndOffset,
        nameScheme,
        fieldReference: fieldReference,
        fieldGetterReference: fieldGetterReference,
        fieldSetterReference: fieldSetterReference,
        lateIsSetFieldReference: lateIsSetFieldReference,
        lateIsSetGetterReference: lateIsSetGetterReference,
        lateIsSetSetterReference: lateIsSetSetterReference,
        lateGetterReference: lateGetterReference,
        lateSetterReference: lateSetterReference,
        constInitializerToken: constInitializerToken);
    addBuilder(name, fieldBuilder, charOffset,
        getterReference: fieldGetterReference,
        setterReference: fieldSetterReference);
    if (type == null && fieldBuilder.next == null) {
      // Only the first one (the last one in the linked list of next pointers)
      // are added to the tree, had parent pointers and can infer correctly.
      if (initializerToken == null && fieldBuilder.isStatic) {
        // A static field without type and initializer will always be inferred
        // to have type `dynamic`.
        fieldBuilder.fieldType = const DynamicType();
      } else {
        // A field with no type and initializer or an instance field without
        // type and initializer need to have the type inferred.
        fieldBuilder.fieldType =
            new ImplicitFieldType(fieldBuilder, initializerToken);
        registerImplicitlyTypedField(fieldBuilder);
      }
    }
  }

  void addConstructor(
      List<MetadataBuilder>? metadata,
      int modifiers,
      TypeBuilder? returnType,
      final Object? name,
      String constructorName,
      List<TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariables,
      List<FormalParameterBuilder>? formals,
      int startCharOffset,
      int charOffset,
      int charOpenParenOffset,
      int charEndOffset,
      String? nativeMethodName,
      {Token? beginInitializers,
      required bool forAbstractClass}) {
    Reference? constructorReference;
    Reference? tearOffReference;
    if (_currentClassReferencesFromIndexed != null) {
      constructorReference = _currentClassReferencesFromIndexed!
          .lookupConstructorReference(new Name(
              constructorName, _currentClassReferencesFromIndexed!.library));
      tearOffReference = _currentClassReferencesFromIndexed!
          .lookupGetterReference(constructorTearOffName(
              constructorName, _currentClassReferencesFromIndexed!.library));
    }
    DeclaredSourceConstructorBuilder constructorBuilder =
        new DeclaredSourceConstructorBuilder(
            metadata,
            modifiers & ~abstractMask,
            returnType,
            constructorName,
            typeVariables,
            formals,
            this,
            startCharOffset,
            charOffset,
            charOpenParenOffset,
            charEndOffset,
            constructorReference,
            tearOffReference,
            nativeMethodName: nativeMethodName,
            forAbstractClassOrEnum: forAbstractClass);
    checkTypeVariables(typeVariables, constructorBuilder);
    // TODO(johnniwinther): There is no way to pass the tear off reference here.
    addBuilder(constructorName, constructorBuilder, charOffset,
        getterReference: constructorReference);
    if (nativeMethodName != null) {
      addNativeMethod(constructorBuilder);
    }
    if (constructorBuilder.isConst) {
      currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.declaresConstConstructor = true;
    }
    if (constructorBuilder.isConst || enableSuperParametersInLibrary) {
      // const constructors will have their initializers compiled and written
      // into the outline. In case of super-parameters language feature, the
      // super initializers are required to infer the types of super parameters.
      constructorBuilder.beginInitializers =
          beginInitializers ?? new Token.eof(-1);
    }
  }

  void addProcedure(
      List<MetadataBuilder>? metadata,
      int modifiers,
      TypeBuilder? returnType,
      String name,
      List<TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariables,
      List<FormalParameterBuilder>? formals,
      ProcedureKind kind,
      int startCharOffset,
      int charOffset,
      int charOpenParenOffset,
      int charEndOffset,
      String? nativeMethodName,
      AsyncMarker asyncModifier,
      {required bool isInstanceMember,
      required bool isExtensionMember}) {
    // ignore: unnecessary_null_comparison
    assert(isInstanceMember != null);
    // ignore: unnecessary_null_comparison
    assert(isExtensionMember != null);
    assert(!isExtensionMember ||
        currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.kind ==
            TypeParameterScopeKind.extensionDeclaration);
    String? className = (isInstanceMember && !isExtensionMember)
        ? currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.name
        : null;
    String? extensionName =
        isExtensionMember ? currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.name : null;
    NameScheme nameScheme = new NameScheme(
        isExtensionMember: isExtensionMember,
        className: className,
        extensionName: extensionName,
        isInstanceMember: isInstanceMember,
        libraryReference: referencesFrom?.reference ?? library.reference);

    if (returnType == null) {
      if (kind == ProcedureKind.Operator &&
          identical(name, indexSetName.text)) {
        returnType = addVoidType(charOffset);
      } else if (kind == ProcedureKind.Setter) {
        returnType = addVoidType(charOffset);
      }
    }
    Reference? procedureReference;
    Reference? tearOffReference;
    if (referencesFrom != null) {
      Name nameToLookup = nameScheme.getProcedureName(kind, name);
      if (_currentClassReferencesFromIndexed != null) {
        if (kind == ProcedureKind.Setter) {
          procedureReference = _currentClassReferencesFromIndexed!
              .lookupSetterReference(nameToLookup);
        } else {
          procedureReference = _currentClassReferencesFromIndexed!
              .lookupGetterReference(nameToLookup);
        }
      } else {
        if (kind == ProcedureKind.Setter &&
            // Extension instance setters are encoded as methods.
            !(isExtensionMember && isInstanceMember)) {
          procedureReference =
              referencesFromIndexed!.lookupSetterReference(nameToLookup);
        } else {
          procedureReference =
              referencesFromIndexed!.lookupGetterReference(nameToLookup);
        }
        if (isExtensionMember && kind == ProcedureKind.Method) {
          tearOffReference = referencesFromIndexed!.lookupGetterReference(
              nameScheme.getProcedureName(ProcedureKind.Getter, name));
        }
      }
    }
    SourceProcedureBuilder procedureBuilder = new SourceProcedureBuilder(
        metadata,
        modifiers,
        returnType,
        name,
        typeVariables,
        formals,
        kind,
        this,
        startCharOffset,
        charOffset,
        charOpenParenOffset,
        charEndOffset,
        procedureReference,
        tearOffReference,
        asyncModifier,
        nameScheme,
        isExtensionMember: isExtensionMember,
        isInstanceMember: isInstanceMember,
        nativeMethodName: nativeMethodName);
    checkTypeVariables(typeVariables, procedureBuilder);
    addBuilder(name, procedureBuilder, charOffset,
        getterReference: procedureReference);
    if (nativeMethodName != null) {
      addNativeMethod(procedureBuilder);
    }
  }

  void addFactoryMethod(
      List<MetadataBuilder>? metadata,
      int modifiers,
      Object name,
      List<FormalParameterBuilder>? formals,
      ConstructorReferenceBuilder? redirectionTarget,
      int startCharOffset,
      int charOffset,
      int charOpenParenOffset,
      int charEndOffset,
      String? nativeMethodName,
      AsyncMarker asyncModifier) {
    TypeBuilder returnType = addNamedType(
        currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.parent!.name,
        const NullabilityBuilder.omitted(),
        <TypeBuilder>[],
        charOffset,
        instanceTypeVariableAccess: InstanceTypeVariableAccessState.Allowed);
    if (currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.parent?.kind ==
        TypeParameterScopeKind.extensionDeclaration) {
      // Make the synthesized return type invalid for extensions.
      String name = currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.parent!.name;
      returnType.bind(new InvalidTypeDeclarationBuilder(
          name,
          messageExtensionDeclaresConstructor.withLocation(
              fileUri, charOffset, name.length)));
    }
    // Nested declaration began in `OutlineBuilder.beginFactoryMethod`.
    TypeParameterScopeBuilder factoryDeclaration = endNestedDeclaration(
        TypeParameterScopeKind.factoryMethod, "#factory_method");

    // Prepare the simple procedure name.
    String procedureName;
    String? constructorName =
        computeAndValidateConstructorName(name, charOffset, isFactory: true);
    if (constructorName != null) {
      procedureName = constructorName;
    } else {
      procedureName = name as String;
    }

    NameScheme procedureNameScheme = new NameScheme(
        isExtensionMember: false,
        className: null,
        extensionName: null,
        isInstanceMember: false,
        libraryReference: referencesFrom != null
            ? (_currentClassReferencesFromIndexed ?? referencesFromIndexed)!
                .library
                .reference
            : library.reference);

    Reference? constructorReference;
    Reference? tearOffReference;
    if (_currentClassReferencesFromIndexed != null) {
      constructorReference = _currentClassReferencesFromIndexed!
          .lookupConstructorReference(new Name(
              procedureName, _currentClassReferencesFromIndexed!.library));
      tearOffReference = _currentClassReferencesFromIndexed!
          .lookupGetterReference(constructorTearOffName(
              procedureName, _currentClassReferencesFromIndexed!.library));
    }

    SourceFactoryBuilder procedureBuilder;
    if (redirectionTarget != null) {
      procedureBuilder = new RedirectingFactoryBuilder(
          metadata,
          staticMask | modifiers,
          returnType,
          procedureName,
          copyTypeVariables(
              currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.typeVariables ??
                  const <TypeVariableBuilder>[],
              factoryDeclaration),
          formals,
          this,
          startCharOffset,
          charOffset,
          charOpenParenOffset,
          charEndOffset,
          constructorReference,
          tearOffReference,
          procedureNameScheme,
          nativeMethodName,
          redirectionTarget);
    } else {
      procedureBuilder = new SourceFactoryBuilder(
          metadata,
          staticMask | modifiers,
          returnType,
          procedureName,
          copyTypeVariables(
              currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.typeVariables ??
                  const <TypeVariableBuilder>[],
              factoryDeclaration),
          formals,
          this,
          startCharOffset,
          charOffset,
          charOpenParenOffset,
          charEndOffset,
          constructorReference,
          tearOffReference,
          asyncModifier,
          procedureNameScheme,
          nativeMethodName: nativeMethodName);
    }

    TypeParameterScopeBuilder savedDeclaration =
        currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder;
    currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder = factoryDeclaration;
    for (TypeVariableBuilder tv in procedureBuilder.typeVariables!) {
      NamedTypeBuilder t = procedureBuilder.returnType as NamedTypeBuilder;
      t.arguments!.add(addNamedType(tv.name, const NullabilityBuilder.omitted(),
          null, procedureBuilder.charOffset,
          instanceTypeVariableAccess: InstanceTypeVariableAccessState.Allowed));
    }
    currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder = savedDeclaration;

    factoryDeclaration.resolveNamedTypes(procedureBuilder.typeVariables, this);
    addBuilder(procedureName, procedureBuilder, charOffset,
        getterReference: constructorReference);
    if (nativeMethodName != null) {
      addNativeMethod(procedureBuilder);
    }
  }

  void addEnum(
      List<MetadataBuilder>? metadata,
      String name,
      List<TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariables,
      TypeBuilder? supertypeBuilder,
      List<TypeBuilder>? interfaceBuilders,
      List<EnumConstantInfo?>? enumConstantInfos,
      int startCharOffset,
      int charOffset,
      int charEndOffset) {
    IndexedClass? referencesFromIndexedClass;
    if (referencesFrom != null) {
      referencesFromIndexedClass =
          referencesFromIndexed!.lookupIndexedClass(name);
    }
    // Nested declaration began in `OutlineBuilder.beginEnum`.
    TypeParameterScopeBuilder declaration =
        endNestedDeclaration(TypeParameterScopeKind.enumDeclaration, name)
          ..resolveNamedTypes(typeVariables, this);
    Map<String, Builder> members = declaration.members!;
    Map<String, MemberBuilder> constructors = declaration.constructors!;
    Map<String, MemberBuilder> setters = declaration.setters!;

    SourceEnumBuilder enumBuilder = new SourceEnumBuilder(
        metadata,
        name,
        typeVariables,
        applyMixins(supertypeBuilder, startCharOffset, charOffset,
            charEndOffset, name, /* isMixinDeclaration = */ false,
            typeVariables: typeVariables,
            isMacro: false,
            isAugmentation: false),
        interfaceBuilders,
        enumConstantInfos,
        this,
        new List<ConstructorReferenceBuilder>.of(constructorReferences),
        startCharOffset,
        charOffset,
        charEndOffset,
        referencesFromIndexedClass,
        new Scope(
            local: members,
            setters: setters,
            parent: scope.withTypeVariables(typeVariables),
            debugName: "enum $name",
            isModifiable: false),
        new ConstructorScope(name, constructors));
    constructorReferences.clear();

    Map<String, TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariablesByName =
        checkTypeVariables(typeVariables, enumBuilder);

    void setParent(String name, MemberBuilder? member) {
      while (member != null) {
        member.parent = enumBuilder;
        member = member.next as MemberBuilder?;
      }
    }

    void setParentAndCheckConflicts(String name, Builder member) {
      if (typeVariablesByName != null) {
        TypeVariableBuilder? tv = typeVariablesByName[name];
        if (tv != null) {
          enumBuilder.addProblem(
              templateConflictsWithTypeVariable.withArguments(name),
              member.charOffset,
              name.length,
              context: [
                messageConflictsWithTypeVariableCause.withLocation(
                    tv.fileUri!, tv.charOffset, name.length)
              ]);
        }
      }
      setParent(name, member as MemberBuilder);
    }

    members.forEach(setParentAndCheckConflicts);
    constructors.forEach(setParentAndCheckConflicts);
    setters.forEach(setParentAndCheckConflicts);
    addBuilder(name, enumBuilder, charOffset,
        getterReference: referencesFromIndexedClass?.cls.reference);
  }

  void addFunctionTypeAlias(
      List<MetadataBuilder>? metadata,
      String name,
      List<TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariables,
      TypeBuilder? type,
      int charOffset) {
    if (typeVariables != null) {
      for (TypeVariableBuilder typeVariable in typeVariables) {
        typeVariable.variance = pendingVariance;
      }
    }
    Typedef? referenceFrom = referencesFromIndexed?.lookupTypedef(name);
    TypeAliasBuilder typedefBuilder = new SourceTypeAliasBuilder(
        metadata, name, typeVariables, type, this, charOffset,
        referenceFrom: referenceFrom);
    checkTypeVariables(typeVariables, typedefBuilder);
    // Nested declaration began in `OutlineBuilder.beginFunctionTypeAlias`.
    endNestedDeclaration(TypeParameterScopeKind.typedef, "#typedef")
        .resolveNamedTypes(typeVariables, this);
    addBuilder(name, typedefBuilder, charOffset,
        getterReference: referenceFrom?.reference);
  }

  FunctionTypeBuilder addFunctionType(
      TypeBuilder? returnType,
      List<TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariables,
      List<FormalParameterBuilder>? formals,
      NullabilityBuilder nullabilityBuilder,
      Uri fileUri,
      int charOffset) {
    FunctionTypeBuilder builder = new FunctionTypeBuilder(returnType,
        typeVariables, formals, nullabilityBuilder, fileUri, charOffset);
    checkTypeVariables(typeVariables, null);
    if (typeVariables != null) {
      for (TypeVariableBuilder builder in typeVariables) {
        if (builder.metadata != null) {
          if (!enableGenericMetadataInLibrary) {
            addProblem(messageAnnotationOnFunctionTypeTypeVariable,
                builder.charOffset, builder.name.length, builder.fileUri);
          }
        }
      }
    }
    // Nested declaration began in `OutlineBuilder.beginFunctionType` or
    // `OutlineBuilder.beginFunctionTypedFormalParameter`.
    endNestedDeclaration(TypeParameterScopeKind.functionType, "#function_type")
        .resolveNamedTypes(typeVariables, this);
    return builder;
  }

  FormalParameterBuilder addFormalParameter(
      List<MetadataBuilder>? metadata,
      int modifiers,
      TypeBuilder? type,
      String name,
      bool hasThis,
      bool hasSuper,
      int charOffset,
      Token? initializerToken) {
    assert(!hasThis || !hasSuper,
        "Formal parameter '${name}' has both 'this' and 'super' prefixes.");
    if (hasThis) {
      modifiers |= initializingFormalMask;
    }
    if (hasSuper) {
      modifiers |= superInitializingFormalMask;
    }
    FormalParameterBuilder formal = new FormalParameterBuilder(
        metadata, modifiers, type, name, this, charOffset,
        fileUri: fileUri)
      ..initializerToken = initializerToken
      ..hasDeclaredInitializer = (initializerToken != null);
    return formal;
  }

  TypeVariableBuilder addTypeVariable(List<MetadataBuilder>? metadata,
      String name, TypeBuilder? bound, int charOffset, Uri fileUri) {
    TypeVariableBuilder builder = new TypeVariableBuilder(
        name, this, charOffset, fileUri,
        bound: bound, metadata: metadata);

    unboundTypeVariables.add(builder);
    return builder;
  }

  void buildOutlineExpressions(
      ClassHierarchy classHierarchy,
      List<SynthesizedFunctionNode> synthesizedFunctionNodes,
      List<DelayedActionPerformer> delayedActionPerformers) {
    Iterable<SourceLibraryBuilder>? patches = this.patchLibraries;
    if (patches != null) {
      for (SourceLibraryBuilder patchLibrary in patches) {
        patchLibrary.buildOutlineExpressions(
            classHierarchy, synthesizedFunctionNodes, delayedActionPerformers);
      }
    }

    MetadataBuilder.buildAnnotations(
        library, metadata, this, null, null, fileUri, scope);

    Iterator<Builder> iterator = this.iterator;
    while (iterator.moveNext()) {
      Builder declaration = iterator.current;
      if (declaration is SourceClassBuilder) {
        declaration.buildOutlineExpressions(this, classHierarchy,
            delayedActionPerformers, synthesizedFunctionNodes);
      } else if (declaration is ExtensionBuilder) {
        declaration.buildOutlineExpressions(this, classHierarchy,
            delayedActionPerformers, synthesizedFunctionNodes);
      } else if (declaration is SourceMemberBuilder) {
        declaration.buildOutlineExpressions(this, classHierarchy,
            delayedActionPerformers, synthesizedFunctionNodes);
      } else if (declaration is SourceTypeAliasBuilder) {
        declaration.buildOutlineExpressions(this, classHierarchy,
            delayedActionPerformers, synthesizedFunctionNodes);
      } else {
        assert(
            declaration is PrefixBuilder ||
                declaration is DynamicTypeDeclarationBuilder ||
                declaration is NeverTypeDeclarationBuilder,
            "Unexpected builder in library: ${declaration} "
            "(${declaration.runtimeType}");
      }
    }
  }

  /// Builds the core AST structures for [declaration] needed for the outline.
  void buildBuilder(Builder declaration, LibraryBuilder coreLibrary) {
    String findDuplicateSuffix(Builder declaration) {
      if (declaration.next != null) {
        int count = 0;
        Builder? current = declaration.next;
        while (current != null) {
          count++;
          current = current.next;
        }
        return "#$count";
      }
      return "";
    }

    if (declaration is SourceClassBuilder) {
      Class cls = declaration.build(this, coreLibrary);
      if (!declaration.isPatch) {
        cls.name += findDuplicateSuffix(declaration);
        library.addClass(cls);
      }
    } else if (declaration is SourceExtensionBuilder) {
      Extension extension = declaration.build(this, coreLibrary,
          addMembersToLibrary: !declaration.isDuplicate);
      if (!declaration.isPatch && !declaration.isDuplicate) {
        library.addExtension(extension);
      }
    } else if (declaration is SourceMemberBuilder) {
      declaration.buildMembers(this,
          (Member member, BuiltMemberKind memberKind) {
        if (member is Field) {
          member.isStatic = true;
          if (!declaration.isPatch && !declaration.isDuplicate) {
            library.addField(member);
          }
        } else if (member is Procedure) {
          member.isStatic = true;
          if (!declaration.isPatch &&
              !declaration.isDuplicate &&
              !declaration.isConflictingSetter) {
            library.addProcedure(member);
          }
        } else {
          unhandled("${member.runtimeType}:${memberKind}", "buildBuilder",
              declaration.charOffset, declaration.fileUri);
        }
      });
    } else if (declaration is SourceTypeAliasBuilder) {
      Typedef typedef = declaration.build(this);
      if (!declaration.isPatch && !declaration.isDuplicate) {
        library.addTypedef(typedef);
      }
    } else if (declaration is SourceEnumBuilder) {
      Class cls = declaration.build(this, coreLibrary);
      if (!declaration.isPatch) {
        cls.name += findDuplicateSuffix(declaration);
        library.addClass(cls);
      }
    } else if (declaration is PrefixBuilder) {
      // Ignored. Kernel doesn't represent prefixes.
      return;
    } else if (declaration is BuiltinTypeDeclarationBuilder) {
      // Nothing needed.
      return;
    } else {
      unhandled("${declaration.runtimeType}", "buildBuilder",
          declaration.charOffset, declaration.fileUri);
    }
  }

  void addNativeDependency(String nativeImportPath) {
    MemberBuilder constructor = loader.getNativeAnnotation();
    Arguments arguments =
        new Arguments(<Expression>[new StringLiteral(nativeImportPath)]);
    Expression annotation;
    if (constructor.isConstructor) {
      annotation = new ConstructorInvocation(
          constructor.member as Constructor, arguments)
        ..isConst = true;
    } else {
      annotation =
          new StaticInvocation(constructor.member as Procedure, arguments)
            ..isConst = true;
    }
    library.addAnnotation(annotation);
  }

  void addDependencies(Library library, Set<SourceLibraryBuilder> seen) {
    if (!seen.add(this)) {
      return;
    }

    // Merge import and export lists to have the dependencies in source order.
    // This is required for the DietListener to correctly match up metadata.
    int importIndex = 0;
    int exportIndex = 0;
    while (importIndex < imports.length || exportIndex < exports.length) {
      if (exportIndex >= exports.length ||
          (importIndex < imports.length &&
              imports[importIndex].charOffset <
                  exports[exportIndex].charOffset)) {
        // Add import
        Import import = imports[importIndex++];

        // Rather than add a LibraryDependency, we attach an annotation.
        if (import.nativeImportPath != null) {
          addNativeDependency(import.nativeImportPath!);
          continue;
        }

        if (import.deferred && import.prefixBuilder?.dependency != null) {
          library.addDependency(import.prefixBuilder!.dependency!);
        } else {
          library.addDependency(new LibraryDependency.import(
              import.imported!.library,
              name: import.prefix,
              combinators: toKernelCombinators(import.combinators))
            ..fileOffset = import.charOffset);
        }
      } else {
        // Add export
        Export export = exports[exportIndex++];
        library.addDependency(new LibraryDependency.export(
            export.exported.library,
            combinators: toKernelCombinators(export.combinators))
          ..fileOffset = export.charOffset);
      }
    }

    for (LibraryBuilder part in parts) {
      if (part is SourceLibraryBuilder) {
        part.addDependencies(library, seen);
      }
    }
  }

  @override
  Builder computeAmbiguousDeclaration(
      String name, Builder declaration, Builder other, int charOffset,
      {bool isExport: false, bool isImport: false}) {
    // TODO(ahe): Can I move this to Scope or Prefix?
    if (declaration == other) return declaration;
    if (declaration is InvalidTypeDeclarationBuilder) return declaration;
    if (other is InvalidTypeDeclarationBuilder) return other;
    if (declaration is AccessErrorBuilder) {
      AccessErrorBuilder error = declaration;
      declaration = error.builder;
    }
    if (other is AccessErrorBuilder) {
      AccessErrorBuilder error = other;
      other = error.builder;
    }
    Builder? preferred;
    Uri? uri;
    Uri? otherUri;
    if (scope.lookupLocalMember(name, setter: false) == declaration) {
      preferred = declaration;
    } else {
      uri = computeLibraryUri(declaration);
      otherUri = computeLibraryUri(other);
      if (declaration is LoadLibraryBuilder) {
        preferred = declaration;
      } else if (other is LoadLibraryBuilder) {
        preferred = other;
      } else if (otherUri.isScheme("dart") && !uri.isScheme("dart")) {
        preferred = declaration;
      } else if (uri.isScheme("dart") && !otherUri.isScheme("dart")) {
        preferred = other;
      }
    }
    if (preferred != null) {
      return preferred;
    }
    if (declaration.next == null && other.next == null) {
      if (isImport && declaration is PrefixBuilder && other is PrefixBuilder) {
        // Handles the case where the same prefix is used for different
        // imports.
        return declaration
          ..exportScope.merge(other.exportScope,
              (String name, Builder existing, Builder member) {
            return computeAmbiguousDeclaration(
                name, existing, member, charOffset,
                isExport: isExport, isImport: isImport);
          });
      }
    }
    if (isExport) {
      Template<Message Function(String name, Uri uri, Uri uri2)> template =
          templateDuplicatedExport;
      Message message = template.withArguments(name, uri!, otherUri!);
      addProblem(message, charOffset, noLength, fileUri);
    }
    Template<Message Function(String name, Uri uri, Uri uri2)> builderTemplate =
        isExport
            ? templateDuplicatedExportInType
            : templateDuplicatedImportInType;
    Message message = builderTemplate.withArguments(
        name,
        // TODO(ahe): We should probably use a context object here
        // instead of including URIs in this message.
        uri!,
        otherUri!);
    // We report the error lazily (setting suppressMessage to false) because the
    // spec 18.1 states that 'It is not an error if N is introduced by two or
    // more imports but never referred to.'
    return new InvalidTypeDeclarationBuilder(
        name, message.withLocation(fileUri, charOffset, name.length),
        suppressMessage: false);
  }

  int finishDeferredLoadTearoffs() {
    int total = 0;

    Iterable<SourceLibraryBuilder>? patches = this.patchLibraries;
    if (patches != null) {
      for (SourceLibraryBuilder patchLibrary in patches) {
        total += patchLibrary.finishDeferredLoadTearoffs();
      }
    }

    for (Import import in imports) {
      if (import.deferred) {
        Procedure? tearoff = import.prefixBuilder!.loadLibraryBuilder!.tearoff;
        if (tearoff != null) {
          library.addProcedure(tearoff);
        }
        total++;
      }
    }

    return total;
  }

  int finishForwarders() {
    int count = 0;

    Iterable<SourceLibraryBuilder>? patches = this.patchLibraries;
    if (patches != null) {
      for (SourceLibraryBuilder patchLibrary in patches) {
        count += patchLibrary.finishForwarders();
      }
    }

    CloneVisitorNotMembers cloner = new CloneVisitorNotMembers();
    for (int i = 0; i < forwardersOrigins.length; i += 2) {
      Procedure forwarder = forwardersOrigins[i];
      Procedure origin = forwardersOrigins[i + 1];

      int positionalCount = origin.function.positionalParameters.length;
      if (forwarder.function.positionalParameters.length != positionalCount) {
        return unexpected(
            "$positionalCount",
            "${forwarder.function.positionalParameters.length}",
            origin.fileOffset,
            origin.fileUri);
      }
      for (int j = 0; j < positionalCount; ++j) {
        VariableDeclaration forwarderParameter =
            forwarder.function.positionalParameters[j];
        VariableDeclaration originParameter =
            origin.function.positionalParameters[j];
        if (originParameter.initializer != null) {
          forwarderParameter.initializer =
              cloner.clone(originParameter.initializer!);
          forwarderParameter.initializer!.parent = forwarderParameter;
        }
      }

      Map<String, VariableDeclaration> originNamedMap =
          <String, VariableDeclaration>{};
      for (VariableDeclaration originNamed in origin.function.namedParameters) {
        originNamedMap[originNamed.name!] = originNamed;
      }
      for (VariableDeclaration forwarderNamed
          in forwarder.function.namedParameters) {
        VariableDeclaration? originNamed = originNamedMap[forwarderNamed.name];
        if (originNamed == null) {
          return unhandled(
              "null", forwarder.name.text, origin.fileOffset, origin.fileUri);
        }
        if (originNamed.initializer == null) continue;
        forwarderNamed.initializer = cloner.clone(originNamed.initializer!);
        forwarderNamed.initializer!.parent = forwarderNamed;
      }

      ++count;
    }
    forwardersOrigins.clear();
    return count;
  }

  void addNativeMethod(SourceFunctionBuilder method) {
    nativeMethods.add(method);
  }

  int finishNativeMethods() {
    int count = 0;

    Iterable<SourceLibraryBuilder>? patches = this.patchLibraries;
    if (patches != null) {
      for (SourceLibraryBuilder patchLibrary in patches) {
        count += patchLibrary.finishNativeMethods();
      }
    }

    for (SourceFunctionBuilder method in nativeMethods) {
      method.becomeNative(loader);
    }
    count += nativeMethods.length;

    return count;
  }

  /// Creates a copy of [original] into the scope of [declaration].
  ///
  /// This is used for adding copies of class type parameters to factory
  /// methods and unnamed mixin applications, and for adding copies of
  /// extension type parameters to extension instance methods.
  ///
  /// If [synthesizeTypeParameterNames] is `true` the names of the
  /// [TypeParameter] are prefix with '#' to indicate that their synthesized.
  List<TypeVariableBuilder> copyTypeVariables(
      List<TypeVariableBuilder> original, TypeParameterScopeBuilder declaration,
      {bool isExtensionTypeParameter: false}) {
    List<NamedTypeBuilder> newTypes = <NamedTypeBuilder>[];
    List<TypeVariableBuilder> copy = <TypeVariableBuilder>[];
    for (TypeVariableBuilder variable in original) {
      TypeVariableBuilder newVariable = new TypeVariableBuilder(
          variable.name, this, variable.charOffset, variable.fileUri,
          bound: variable.bound?.clone(newTypes, this, declaration),
          isExtensionTypeParameter: isExtensionTypeParameter,
          variableVariance:
              variable.parameter.isLegacyCovariant ? null : variable.variance);
      copy.add(newVariable);
      unboundTypeVariables.add(newVariable);
    }
    for (NamedTypeBuilder newType in newTypes) {
      declaration.registerUnresolvedNamedType(newType);
    }
    return copy;
  }

  int finishTypeVariables(ClassBuilder object, TypeBuilder dynamicType) {
    int count = 0;

    Iterable<SourceLibraryBuilder>? patches = this.patchLibraries;
    if (patches != null) {
      for (SourceLibraryBuilder patchLibrary in patches) {
        count += patchLibrary.finishTypeVariables(object, dynamicType);
      }
    }

    count += unboundTypeVariables.length;

    // Ensure that type parameters are built after their dependencies by sorting
    // them topologically using references in bounds.
    for (TypeVariableBuilder builder
        in _sortTypeVariablesTopologically(unboundTypeVariables)) {
      builder.finish(this, object, dynamicType);
    }
    unboundTypeVariables.clear();

    processPendingNullabilities();

    return count;
  }

  /// Assigns nullabilities to types in [_pendingNullabilities].
  ///
  /// It's a helper function to assign the nullabilities to type-parameter types
  /// after the corresponding type parameters have their bounds set or changed.
  /// The function takes into account that some of the types in the input list
  /// may be bounds to some of the type parameters of other types from the input
  /// list.
  void processPendingNullabilities() {
    // The bounds of type parameters may be type-parameter types of other
    // parameters from the same declaration.  In this case we need to set the
    // nullability for them first.  To preserve the ordering, we implement a
    // depth-first search over the types.  We use the fact that a nullability
    // of a type parameter type can't ever be 'nullable' if computed from the
    // bound. It allows us to use 'nullable' nullability as the marker in the
    // DFS implementation.

    // We cannot set the declared nullability on the pending types to `null` so
    // we create a map of the pending type parameter type nullabilities.
    Map<TypeParameterType, Nullability?> nullabilityMap =
        new LinkedHashMap.identity();
    Nullability? getDeclaredNullability(TypeParameterType type) {
      if (nullabilityMap.containsKey(type)) {
        return nullabilityMap[type];
      }
      return type.declaredNullability;
    }

    void setDeclaredNullability(
        TypeParameterType type, Nullability nullability) {
      if (nullabilityMap.containsKey(type)) {
        nullabilityMap[type] = nullability;
      }
      type.declaredNullability = nullability;
    }

    Nullability marker = Nullability.nullable;
    List<TypeParameterType?> stack =
        new List<TypeParameterType?>.filled(_pendingNullabilities.length, null);
    int stackTop = 0;
    for (PendingNullability pendingNullability in _pendingNullabilities) {
      nullabilityMap[pendingNullability.type] = null;
    }
    for (PendingNullability pendingNullability in _pendingNullabilities) {
      TypeParameterType type = pendingNullability.type;
      if (getDeclaredNullability(type) != null) {
        // Nullability for [type] was already computed on one of the branches
        // of the depth-first search.  Continue to the next one.
        continue;
      }
      if (type.parameter.bound is TypeParameterType) {
        TypeParameterType current = type;
        TypeParameterType? next = current.parameter.bound as TypeParameterType;
        while (next != null && getDeclaredNullability(next) == null) {
          stack[stackTop++] = current;
          setDeclaredNullability(current, marker);

          current = next;
          if (current.parameter.bound is TypeParameterType) {
            next = current.parameter.bound as TypeParameterType;
            if (getDeclaredNullability(next) == marker) {
              setDeclaredNullability(next, Nullability.undetermined);
              current.parameter.bound = const InvalidType();
              current.parameter.defaultType = const InvalidType();
              addProblem(
                  templateCycleInTypeVariables.withArguments(
                      next.parameter.name!, current.parameter.name!),
                  pendingNullability.charOffset,
                  next.parameter.name!.length,
                  pendingNullability.fileUri);
              next = null;
            }
          } else {
            next = null;
          }
        }
        setDeclaredNullability(current,
            TypeParameterType.computeNullabilityFromBound(current.parameter));
        while (stackTop != 0) {
          --stackTop;
          current = stack[stackTop]!;
          setDeclaredNullability(current,
              TypeParameterType.computeNullabilityFromBound(current.parameter));
        }
      } else {
        setDeclaredNullability(type,
            TypeParameterType.computeNullabilityFromBound(type.parameter));
      }
    }
    _pendingNullabilities.clear();
  }

  /// Computes variances of type parameters on typedefs.
  ///
  /// The variance property of type parameters on typedefs is computed from the
  /// use of the parameters in the right-hand side of the typedef definition.
  int computeVariances() {
    int count = 0;

    Iterable<SourceLibraryBuilder>? patches = this.patchLibraries;
    if (patches != null) {
      for (SourceLibraryBuilder patchLibrary in patches) {
        count += patchLibrary.computeVariances();
      }
    }

    for (Builder? declaration
        in _libraryTypeParameterScopeBuilder.members!.values) {
      while (declaration != null) {
        if (declaration is TypeAliasBuilder &&
            declaration.typeVariablesCount > 0) {
          for (TypeVariableBuilder typeParameter
              in declaration.typeVariables!) {
            typeParameter.variance = computeTypeVariableBuilderVariance(
                typeParameter, declaration.type, this);
            ++count;
          }
        }
        declaration = declaration.next;
      }
    }
    return count;
  }

  /// Reports an error on generic function types used as bounds
  ///
  /// The function recursively searches for all generic function types in
  /// [typeVariable.bound] and checks the bounds of type variables of the found
  /// types for being generic function types.  Additionally, the function checks
  /// [typeVariable.bound] for being a generic function type.  Returns `true` if
  /// any errors were reported.
  bool _recursivelyReportGenericFunctionTypesAsBoundsForVariable(
      TypeVariableBuilder typeVariable) {
    if (enableGenericMetadataInLibrary) return false;

    bool hasReportedErrors = false;
    hasReportedErrors =
        _reportGenericFunctionTypeAsBoundIfNeeded(typeVariable) ||
            hasReportedErrors;
    hasReportedErrors = _recursivelyReportGenericFunctionTypesAsBoundsForType(
            typeVariable.bound) ||
        hasReportedErrors;
    return hasReportedErrors;
  }

  /// Reports an error on generic function types used as bounds
  ///
  /// The function recursively searches for all generic function types in
  /// [typeBuilder] and checks the bounds of type variables of the found types
  /// for being generic function types.  Returns `true` if any errors were
  /// reported.
  bool _recursivelyReportGenericFunctionTypesAsBoundsForType(
      TypeBuilder? typeBuilder) {
    if (enableGenericMetadataInLibrary) return false;

    List<FunctionTypeBuilder> genericFunctionTypeBuilders =
        <FunctionTypeBuilder>[];
    findUnaliasedGenericFunctionTypes(typeBuilder,
        result: genericFunctionTypeBuilders);
    bool hasReportedErrors = false;
    for (FunctionTypeBuilder genericFunctionTypeBuilder
        in genericFunctionTypeBuilders) {
      assert(
          genericFunctionTypeBuilder.typeVariables != null,
          "Function 'findUnaliasedGenericFunctionTypes' "
          "returned a function type without type variables.");
      for (TypeVariableBuilder typeVariable
          in genericFunctionTypeBuilder.typeVariables!) {
        hasReportedErrors =
            _reportGenericFunctionTypeAsBoundIfNeeded(typeVariable) ||
                hasReportedErrors;
      }
    }
    return hasReportedErrors;
  }

  /// Reports an error if [typeVariable.bound] is a generic function type
  ///
  /// Returns `true` if any errors were reported.
  bool _reportGenericFunctionTypeAsBoundIfNeeded(
      TypeVariableBuilder typeVariable) {
    if (enableGenericMetadataInLibrary) return false;

    TypeBuilder? bound = typeVariable.bound;
    bool isUnaliasedGenericFunctionType = bound is FunctionTypeBuilder &&
        bound.typeVariables != null &&
        bound.typeVariables!.isNotEmpty;
    bool isAliasedGenericFunctionType = false;
    if (bound is NamedTypeBuilder) {
      TypeDeclarationBuilder? declaration = bound.declaration;
      // TODO(dmitryas): Unalias beyond the first layer for the check.
      if (declaration is TypeAliasBuilder) {
        TypeBuilder? rhsType = declaration.type;
        if (rhsType is FunctionTypeBuilder &&
            rhsType.typeVariables != null &&
            rhsType.typeVariables!.isNotEmpty) {
          isAliasedGenericFunctionType = true;
        }
      }
    }

    if (isUnaliasedGenericFunctionType || isAliasedGenericFunctionType) {
      addProblem(messageGenericFunctionTypeInBound, typeVariable.charOffset,
          typeVariable.name.length, typeVariable.fileUri);
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  }

  /// This method instantiates type parameters to their bounds in some cases
  /// where they were omitted by the programmer and not provided by the type
  /// inference.  The method returns the number of distinct type variables
  /// that were instantiated in this library.
  int computeDefaultTypes(TypeBuilder dynamicType, TypeBuilder nullType,
      TypeBuilder bottomType, ClassBuilder objectClass) {
    int count = 0;

    Iterable<SourceLibraryBuilder>? patches = this.patchLibraries;
    if (patches != null) {
      for (SourceLibraryBuilder patchLibrary in patches) {
        count += patchLibrary.computeDefaultTypes(
            dynamicType, nullType, bottomType, objectClass);
      }
    }

    int computeDefaultTypesForVariables(List<TypeVariableBuilder>? variables,
        {required bool inErrorRecovery}) {
      if (variables == null) return 0;

      bool haveErroneousBounds = false;
      if (!inErrorRecovery) {
        if (!enableGenericMetadataInLibrary) {
          for (TypeVariableBuilder variable in variables) {
            haveErroneousBounds =
                _recursivelyReportGenericFunctionTypesAsBoundsForVariable(
                        variable) ||
                    haveErroneousBounds;
          }
        }

        if (!haveErroneousBounds) {
          List<NamedTypeBuilder> unboundTypes = [];
          List<TypeVariableBuilder> unboundTypeVariables = [];
          List<TypeBuilder> calculatedBounds = calculateBounds(
              variables,
              dynamicType,
              isNonNullableByDefault ? bottomType : nullType,
              objectClass,
              unboundTypes: unboundTypes,
              unboundTypeVariables: unboundTypeVariables);
          for (NamedTypeBuilder unboundType in unboundTypes) {
            currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder
                .registerUnresolvedNamedType(unboundType);
          }
          this.unboundTypeVariables.addAll(unboundTypeVariables);
          for (int i = 0; i < variables.length; ++i) {
            variables[i].defaultType = calculatedBounds[i];
          }
        }
      }

      if (inErrorRecovery || haveErroneousBounds) {
        // Use dynamic in case of errors.
        for (int i = 0; i < variables.length; ++i) {
          variables[i].defaultType = dynamicType;
        }
      }

      return variables.length;
    }

    void reportIssues(List<NonSimplicityIssue> issues) {
      for (NonSimplicityIssue issue in issues) {
        addProblem(issue.message, issue.declaration.charOffset,
            issue.declaration.name.length, issue.declaration.fileUri,
            context: issue.context);
      }
    }

    for (Builder declaration
        in _libraryTypeParameterScopeBuilder.members!.values) {
      if (declaration is ClassBuilder) {
        {
          List<NonSimplicityIssue> issues =
              getNonSimplicityIssuesForDeclaration(declaration,
                  performErrorRecovery: true);
          reportIssues(issues);
          count += computeDefaultTypesForVariables(declaration.typeVariables,
              inErrorRecovery: issues.isNotEmpty);

          declaration.constructorScope.forEach((String name, Builder member) {
            List<FormalParameterBuilder>? formals;
            if (member is SourceFactoryBuilder) {
              assert(member.isFactory,
                  "Unexpected constructor member (${member.runtimeType}).");
              count += computeDefaultTypesForVariables(member.typeVariables,
                  // Type variables are inherited from the class so if the class
                  // has issues, so does the factory constructors.
                  inErrorRecovery: issues.isNotEmpty);
              formals = member.formals;
            } else {
              assert(member is DeclaredSourceConstructorBuilder,
                  "Unexpected constructor member (${member.runtimeType}).");
              formals = (member as DeclaredSourceConstructorBuilder).formals;
            }
            if (formals != null && formals.isNotEmpty) {
              for (FormalParameterBuilder formal in formals) {
                List<NonSimplicityIssue> issues =
                    getInboundReferenceIssuesInType(formal.type);
                reportIssues(issues);
                _recursivelyReportGenericFunctionTypesAsBoundsForType(
                    formal.type);
              }
            }
          });
        }
        declaration.forEach((String name, Builder member) {
          if (member is SourceProcedureBuilder) {
            List<NonSimplicityIssue> issues =
                getNonSimplicityIssuesForTypeVariables(member.typeVariables);
            if (member.formals != null && member.formals!.isNotEmpty) {
              for (FormalParameterBuilder formal in member.formals!) {
                issues.addAll(getInboundReferenceIssuesInType(formal.type));
                _recursivelyReportGenericFunctionTypesAsBoundsForType(
                    formal.type);
              }
            }
            if (member.returnType != null) {
              issues.addAll(getInboundReferenceIssuesInType(member.returnType));
              _recursivelyReportGenericFunctionTypesAsBoundsForType(
                  member.returnType);
            }
            reportIssues(issues);
            count += computeDefaultTypesForVariables(member.typeVariables,
                inErrorRecovery: issues.isNotEmpty);
          } else {
            assert(member is SourceFieldBuilder,
                "Unexpected class member $member (${member.runtimeType}).");
            TypeBuilder? fieldType = (member as SourceFieldBuilder).type;
            if (fieldType != null) {
              List<NonSimplicityIssue> issues =
                  getInboundReferenceIssuesInType(fieldType);
              reportIssues(issues);
              _recursivelyReportGenericFunctionTypesAsBoundsForType(fieldType);
            }
          }
        });
      } else if (declaration is TypeAliasBuilder) {
        List<NonSimplicityIssue> issues = getNonSimplicityIssuesForDeclaration(
            declaration,
            performErrorRecovery: true);
        issues.addAll(getInboundReferenceIssuesInType(declaration.type));
        reportIssues(issues);
        count += computeDefaultTypesForVariables(declaration.typeVariables,
            inErrorRecovery: issues.isNotEmpty);
        _recursivelyReportGenericFunctionTypesAsBoundsForType(declaration.type);
      } else if (declaration is SourceFunctionBuilder) {
        List<NonSimplicityIssue> issues =
            getNonSimplicityIssuesForTypeVariables(declaration.typeVariables);
        if (declaration.formals != null && declaration.formals!.isNotEmpty) {
          for (FormalParameterBuilder formal in declaration.formals!) {
            issues.addAll(getInboundReferenceIssuesInType(formal.type));
            _recursivelyReportGenericFunctionTypesAsBoundsForType(formal.type);
          }
        }
        if (declaration.returnType != null) {
          issues
              .addAll(getInboundReferenceIssuesInType(declaration.returnType));
          _recursivelyReportGenericFunctionTypesAsBoundsForType(
              declaration.returnType);
        }
        reportIssues(issues);
        count += computeDefaultTypesForVariables(declaration.typeVariables,
            inErrorRecovery: issues.isNotEmpty);
      } else if (declaration is ExtensionBuilder) {
        {
          List<NonSimplicityIssue> issues =
              getNonSimplicityIssuesForDeclaration(declaration,
                  performErrorRecovery: true);
          reportIssues(issues);
          count += computeDefaultTypesForVariables(declaration.typeParameters,
              inErrorRecovery: issues.isNotEmpty);
        }
        declaration.forEach((String name, Builder member) {
          if (member is SourceProcedureBuilder) {
            List<NonSimplicityIssue> issues =
                getNonSimplicityIssuesForTypeVariables(member.typeVariables);
            if (member.formals != null && member.formals!.isNotEmpty) {
              for (FormalParameterBuilder formal in member.formals!) {
                issues.addAll(getInboundReferenceIssuesInType(formal.type));
                _recursivelyReportGenericFunctionTypesAsBoundsForType(
                    formal.type);
              }
            }
            if (member.returnType != null) {
              issues.addAll(getInboundReferenceIssuesInType(member.returnType));
              _recursivelyReportGenericFunctionTypesAsBoundsForType(
                  member.returnType);
            }
            reportIssues(issues);
            count += computeDefaultTypesForVariables(member.typeVariables,
                inErrorRecovery: issues.isNotEmpty);
          } else if (member is SourceFieldBuilder) {
            if (member.type != null) {
              _recursivelyReportGenericFunctionTypesAsBoundsForType(
                  member.type);
            }
          } else {
            throw new StateError(
                "Unexpected extension member $member (${member.runtimeType}).");
          }
        });
      } else if (declaration is SourceFieldBuilder) {
        if (declaration.type != null) {
          List<NonSimplicityIssue> issues =
              getInboundReferenceIssuesInType(declaration.type);
          reportIssues(issues);
          _recursivelyReportGenericFunctionTypesAsBoundsForType(
              declaration.type);
        }
      } else {
        assert(
            declaration is PrefixBuilder ||
                declaration is DynamicTypeDeclarationBuilder ||
                declaration is NeverTypeDeclarationBuilder,
            "Unexpected top level member $declaration "
            "(${declaration.runtimeType}).");
      }
    }
    for (Builder declaration
        in _libraryTypeParameterScopeBuilder.setters!.values) {
      assert(
          declaration is SourceProcedureBuilder,
          "Expected setter to be a ProcedureBuilder, "
          "but got '${declaration.runtimeType}'");
      if (declaration is SourceProcedureBuilder &&
          declaration.formals != null &&
          declaration.formals!.isNotEmpty) {
        for (FormalParameterBuilder formal in declaration.formals!) {
          reportIssues(getInboundReferenceIssuesInType(formal.type));
          _recursivelyReportGenericFunctionTypesAsBoundsForType(formal.type);
        }
      }
    }
    return count;
  }

  @override
  void applyPatches() {
    if (!isPatch) return;

    if (languageVersion != origin.languageVersion) {
      List<LocatedMessage> context = <LocatedMessage>[];
      if (origin.languageVersion.isExplicit) {
        context.add(messageLanguageVersionLibraryContext.withLocation(
            origin.languageVersion.fileUri!,
            origin.languageVersion.charOffset,
            origin.languageVersion.charCount));
      }

      if (languageVersion.isExplicit) {
        addProblem(
            messageLanguageVersionMismatchInPatch,
            languageVersion.charOffset,
            languageVersion.charCount,
            languageVersion.fileUri,
            context: context);
      } else {
        addProblem(messageLanguageVersionMismatchInPatch, -1, noLength, fileUri,
            context: context);
      }
    }

    NameIterator originDeclarations = origin.nameIterator;
    while (originDeclarations.moveNext()) {
      String name = originDeclarations.name;
      Builder member = originDeclarations.current;
      bool isSetter = member.isSetter;
      Builder? patch = scope.lookupLocalMember(name, setter: isSetter);
      if (patch != null) {
        // [patch] has the same name as a [member] in [origin] library, so it
        // must be a patch to [member].
        member.applyPatch(patch);
        // TODO(ahe): Verify that patch has the @patch annotation.
      } else {
        // No member with [name] exists in this library already. So we need to
        // import it into the patch library. This ensures that the origin
        // library is in scope of the patch library.
        if (isSetter) {
          scope.addLocalMember(name, member as MemberBuilder, setter: true);
        } else {
          scope.addLocalMember(name, member, setter: false);
        }
      }
    }
    NameIterator patchDeclarations = nameIterator;
    while (patchDeclarations.moveNext()) {
      String name = patchDeclarations.name;
      Builder member = patchDeclarations.current;
      // We need to inject all non-patch members into the origin library. This
      // should only apply to private members.
      // For augmentation libraries, all members are injected into the origin
      // library, regardless of privacy.
      if (member.isPatch) {
        // Ignore patches.
      } else if (name.startsWith("_") || isAugmentation) {
        origin.injectMemberFromPatch(name, member);
      } else {
        origin.exportMemberFromPatch(name, member);
      }
    }
  }

  int finishPatchMethods() {
    int count = 0;

    Iterable<SourceLibraryBuilder>? patches = this.patchLibraries;
    if (patches != null) {
      for (SourceLibraryBuilder patchLibrary in patches) {
        count += patchLibrary.finishPatchMethods();
      }
    }

    if (isPatch) {
      Iterator<Builder> iterator = this.iterator;
      while (iterator.moveNext()) {
        count += iterator.current.finishPatch();
      }
    }
    return count;
  }

  void injectMemberFromPatch(String name, Builder member) {
    if (member.isSetter) {
      assert(scope.lookupLocalMember(name, setter: true) == null);
      scope.addLocalMember(name, member as MemberBuilder, setter: true);
    } else {
      assert(scope.lookupLocalMember(name, setter: false) == null);
      scope.addLocalMember(name, member, setter: false);
    }
  }

  void exportMemberFromPatch(String name, Builder member) {
    if (!importUri.isScheme("dart") || !importUri.path.startsWith("_")) {
      addProblem(templatePatchInjectionFailed.withArguments(name, importUri),
          member.charOffset, noLength, member.fileUri);
    }
    // Platform-private libraries, such as "dart:_internal" have special
    // semantics: public members are injected into the origin library.
    // TODO(ahe): See if we can remove this special case.

    // If this member already exist in the origin library scope, it should
    // have been marked as patch.
    assert((member.isSetter &&
            scope.lookupLocalMember(name, setter: true) == null) ||
        (!member.isSetter &&
            scope.lookupLocalMember(name, setter: false) == null));
    addToExportScope(name, member);
  }

  void reportTypeArgumentIssues(
      Iterable<TypeArgumentIssue> issues, Uri fileUri, int offset,
      {bool? inferred,
      TypeArgumentsInfo? typeArgumentsInfo,
      DartType? targetReceiver,
      String? targetName}) {
    for (TypeArgumentIssue issue in issues) {
      DartType argument = issue.argument;
      TypeParameter? typeParameter = issue.typeParameter;

      Message message;
      bool issueInferred = inferred ??
          typeArgumentsInfo?.isInferred(issue.index) ??
          inferredTypes.contains(argument);
      offset =
          typeArgumentsInfo?.getOffsetForIndex(issue.index, offset) ?? offset;
      if (issue.isGenericTypeAsArgumentIssue) {
        if (issueInferred) {
          message = templateGenericFunctionTypeInferredAsActualTypeArgument
              .withArguments(argument, isNonNullableByDefault);
        } else {
          message = messageGenericFunctionTypeUsedAsActualTypeArgument;
        }
        typeParameter = null;
      } else {
        if (issue.enclosingType == null && targetReceiver != null) {
          if (targetName != null) {
            if (issueInferred) {
              message =
                  templateIncorrectTypeArgumentQualifiedInferred.withArguments(
                      argument,
                      typeParameter.bound,
                      typeParameter.name!,
                      targetReceiver,
                      targetName,
                      isNonNullableByDefault);
            } else {
              message = templateIncorrectTypeArgumentQualified.withArguments(
                  argument,
                  typeParameter.bound,
                  typeParameter.name!,
                  targetReceiver,
                  targetName,
                  isNonNullableByDefault);
            }
          } else {
            if (issueInferred) {
              message = templateIncorrectTypeArgumentInstantiationInferred
                  .withArguments(
                      argument,
                      typeParameter.bound,
                      typeParameter.name!,
                      targetReceiver,
                      isNonNullableByDefault);
            } else {
              message =
                  templateIncorrectTypeArgumentInstantiation.withArguments(
                      argument,
                      typeParameter.bound,
                      typeParameter.name!,
                      targetReceiver,
                      isNonNullableByDefault);
            }
          }
        } else {
          String enclosingName = issue.enclosingType == null
              ? targetName!
              : getGenericTypeName(issue.enclosingType!);
          // ignore: unnecessary_null_comparison
          assert(enclosingName != null);
          if (issueInferred) {
            message = templateIncorrectTypeArgumentInferred.withArguments(
                argument,
                typeParameter.bound,
                typeParameter.name!,
                enclosingName,
                isNonNullableByDefault);
          } else {
            message = templateIncorrectTypeArgument.withArguments(
                argument,
                typeParameter.bound,
                typeParameter.name!,
                enclosingName,
                isNonNullableByDefault);
          }
        }
      }

      // Don't show the hint about an attempted super-bounded type if the issue
      // with the argument is that it's generic.
      reportTypeArgumentIssue(message, fileUri, offset,
          typeParameter: typeParameter,
          superBoundedAttempt:
              issue.isGenericTypeAsArgumentIssue ? null : issue.enclosingType,
          superBoundedAttemptInverted:
              issue.isGenericTypeAsArgumentIssue ? null : issue.invertedType);
    }
  }

  void reportTypeArgumentIssue(Message message, Uri fileUri, int fileOffset,
      {TypeParameter? typeParameter,
      DartType? superBoundedAttempt,
      DartType? superBoundedAttemptInverted}) {
    List<LocatedMessage>? context;
    // Skip reporting location for function-type type parameters as it's a
    // limitation of Kernel.
    if (typeParameter != null &&
        typeParameter.fileOffset != -1 &&
        typeParameter.location != null) {
      // It looks like when parameters come from patch files, they don't
      // have a reportable location.
      (context ??= <LocatedMessage>[]).add(
          messageIncorrectTypeArgumentVariable.withLocation(
              typeParameter.location!.file,
              typeParameter.fileOffset,
              noLength));
    }
    if (superBoundedAttemptInverted != null && superBoundedAttempt != null) {
      (context ??= <LocatedMessage>[]).add(templateSuperBoundedHint
          .withArguments(superBoundedAttempt, superBoundedAttemptInverted,
              isNonNullableByDefault)
          .withLocation(fileUri, fileOffset, noLength));
    }
    addProblem(message, fileOffset, noLength, fileUri, context: context);
  }

  void checkTypesInField(
      SourceFieldBuilder fieldBuilder, TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment) {
    // Check the bounds in the field's type.
    checkBoundsInType(fieldBuilder.fieldType, typeEnvironment,
        fieldBuilder.fileUri, fieldBuilder.charOffset,
        allowSuperBounded: true);

    // Check that the field has an initializer if its type is potentially
    // non-nullable.
    if (isNonNullableByDefault) {
      // Only static and top-level fields are checked here.  Instance fields are
      // checked elsewhere.
      DartType fieldType = fieldBuilder.fieldType;
      if (!fieldBuilder.isDeclarationInstanceMember &&
          !fieldBuilder.isLate &&
          !fieldBuilder.isExternal &&
          fieldType is! InvalidType &&
          fieldType.isPotentiallyNonNullable &&
          !fieldBuilder.hasInitializer) {
        addProblem(
            templateFieldNonNullableWithoutInitializerError.withArguments(
                fieldBuilder.name,
                fieldBuilder.fieldType,
                isNonNullableByDefault),
            fieldBuilder.charOffset,
            fieldBuilder.name.length,
            fieldBuilder.fileUri);
      }
    }
  }

  void checkInitializersInFormals(
      List<FormalParameterBuilder> formals, TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment) {
    if (!isNonNullableByDefault) return;

    for (FormalParameterBuilder formal in formals) {
      bool isOptionalPositional = formal.isOptional && formal.isPositional;
      bool isOptionalNamed = !formal.isNamedRequired && formal.isNamed;
      bool isOptional = isOptionalPositional || isOptionalNamed;
      if (isOptional &&
          formal.variable!.type.isPotentiallyNonNullable &&
          !formal.hasDeclaredInitializer) {
        addProblem(
            templateOptionalNonNullableWithoutInitializerError.withArguments(
                formal.name, formal.variable!.type, isNonNullableByDefault),
            formal.charOffset,
            formal.name.length,
            formal.fileUri);
      }
    }
  }

  void checkBoundsInTypeParameters(TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment,
      List<TypeParameter> typeParameters, Uri fileUri) {
    // Check in bounds of own type variables.
    for (TypeParameter parameter in typeParameters) {
      List<TypeArgumentIssue> issues = findTypeArgumentIssues(
          parameter.bound,
          typeEnvironment,
          isNonNullableByDefault
              ? SubtypeCheckMode.withNullabilities
              : SubtypeCheckMode.ignoringNullabilities,
          allowSuperBounded: true,
          isNonNullableByDefault: library.isNonNullableByDefault,
          areGenericArgumentsAllowed: enableGenericMetadataInLibrary);
      for (TypeArgumentIssue issue in issues) {
        DartType argument = issue.argument;
        TypeParameter typeParameter = issue.typeParameter;
        if (inferredTypes.contains(argument)) {
          // Inference in type expressions in the supertypes boils down to
          // instantiate-to-bound which shouldn't produce anything that breaks
          // the bounds after the non-simplicity checks are done.  So, any
          // violation here is the result of non-simple bounds, and the error
          // is reported elsewhere.
          continue;
        }

        if (issue.isGenericTypeAsArgumentIssue) {
          reportTypeArgumentIssue(
              messageGenericFunctionTypeUsedAsActualTypeArgument,
              fileUri,
              parameter.fileOffset,
              typeParameter: null);
        } else {
          reportTypeArgumentIssue(
              templateIncorrectTypeArgument.withArguments(
                  argument,
                  typeParameter.bound,
                  typeParameter.name!,
                  getGenericTypeName(issue.enclosingType!),
                  library.isNonNullableByDefault),
              fileUri,
              parameter.fileOffset,
              typeParameter: typeParameter,
              superBoundedAttempt: issue.enclosingType,
              superBoundedAttemptInverted: issue.invertedType);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  void checkBoundsInFunctionNodeParts(
      TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment, Uri fileUri, int fileOffset,
      {List<TypeParameter>? typeParameters,
      List<VariableDeclaration>? positionalParameters,
      List<VariableDeclaration>? namedParameters,
      DartType? returnType,
      int? requiredParameterCount,
      bool skipReturnType = false}) {
    if (typeParameters != null) {
      for (TypeParameter parameter in typeParameters) {
        checkBoundsInType(
            parameter.bound, typeEnvironment, fileUri, parameter.fileOffset,
            allowSuperBounded: true);
      }
    }
    if (positionalParameters != null) {
      for (int i = 0; i < positionalParameters.length; ++i) {
        VariableDeclaration parameter = positionalParameters[i];
        checkBoundsInType(
            parameter.type, typeEnvironment, fileUri, parameter.fileOffset,
            allowSuperBounded: true);
      }
    }
    if (namedParameters != null) {
      for (int i = 0; i < namedParameters.length; ++i) {
        VariableDeclaration named = namedParameters[i];
        checkBoundsInType(
            named.type, typeEnvironment, fileUri, named.fileOffset,
            allowSuperBounded: true);
      }
    }
    if (!skipReturnType && returnType != null) {
      List<TypeArgumentIssue> issues = findTypeArgumentIssues(
          returnType,
          typeEnvironment,
          isNonNullableByDefault
              ? SubtypeCheckMode.withNullabilities
              : SubtypeCheckMode.ignoringNullabilities,
          allowSuperBounded: true,
          isNonNullableByDefault: library.isNonNullableByDefault,
          areGenericArgumentsAllowed: enableGenericMetadataInLibrary);
      for (TypeArgumentIssue issue in issues) {
        DartType argument = issue.argument;
        TypeParameter typeParameter = issue.typeParameter;

        // We don't need to check if [argument] was inferred or specified
        // here, because inference in return types boils down to instantiate-
        // -to-bound, and it can't provide a type that violates the bound.
        if (issue.isGenericTypeAsArgumentIssue) {
          reportTypeArgumentIssue(
              messageGenericFunctionTypeUsedAsActualTypeArgument,
              fileUri,
              fileOffset,
              typeParameter: null);
        } else {
          reportTypeArgumentIssue(
              templateIncorrectTypeArgumentInReturnType.withArguments(
                  argument,
                  typeParameter.bound,
                  typeParameter.name!,
                  getGenericTypeName(issue.enclosingType!),
                  isNonNullableByDefault),
              fileUri,
              fileOffset,
              typeParameter: typeParameter,
              superBoundedAttempt: issue.enclosingType,
              superBoundedAttemptInverted: issue.invertedType);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  void checkTypesInFunctionBuilder(
      SourceFunctionBuilder procedureBuilder, TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment) {
    checkBoundsInFunctionNode(
        procedureBuilder.function, typeEnvironment, procedureBuilder.fileUri!);
    if (procedureBuilder.formals != null &&
        !(procedureBuilder.isAbstract || procedureBuilder.isExternal)) {
      checkInitializersInFormals(procedureBuilder.formals!, typeEnvironment);
    }
  }

  void checkTypesInConstructorBuilder(
      DeclaredSourceConstructorBuilder constructorBuilder,
      TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment) {
    checkBoundsInFunctionNode(
        constructorBuilder.constructor.function, typeEnvironment, fileUri);
    if (!constructorBuilder.isExternal && constructorBuilder.formals != null) {
      checkInitializersInFormals(constructorBuilder.formals!, typeEnvironment);
    }
  }

  void checkTypesInRedirectingFactoryBuilder(
      RedirectingFactoryBuilder redirectingFactoryBuilder,
      TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment) {
    checkBoundsInFunctionNode(redirectingFactoryBuilder.function,
        typeEnvironment, redirectingFactoryBuilder.fileUri);
    // Default values are not required on redirecting factory constructors so
    // we don't call [checkInitializersInFormals].
  }

  void checkBoundsInFunctionNode(
      FunctionNode function, TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment, Uri fileUri,
      {bool skipReturnType = false}) {
    checkBoundsInFunctionNodeParts(
        typeEnvironment, fileUri, function.fileOffset,
        typeParameters: function.typeParameters,
        positionalParameters: function.positionalParameters,
        namedParameters: function.namedParameters,
        returnType: function.returnType,
        requiredParameterCount: function.requiredParameterCount,
        skipReturnType: skipReturnType);
  }

  void checkBoundsInListLiteral(
      ListLiteral node, TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment, Uri fileUri,
      {bool inferred = false}) {
    checkBoundsInType(
        node.typeArgument, typeEnvironment, fileUri, node.fileOffset,
        inferred: inferred, allowSuperBounded: true);
  }

  void checkBoundsInSetLiteral(
      SetLiteral node, TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment, Uri fileUri,
      {bool inferred = false}) {
    checkBoundsInType(
        node.typeArgument, typeEnvironment, fileUri, node.fileOffset,
        inferred: inferred, allowSuperBounded: true);
  }

  void checkBoundsInMapLiteral(
      MapLiteral node, TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment, Uri fileUri,
      {bool inferred = false}) {
    checkBoundsInType(node.keyType, typeEnvironment, fileUri, node.fileOffset,
        inferred: inferred, allowSuperBounded: true);
    checkBoundsInType(node.valueType, typeEnvironment, fileUri, node.fileOffset,
        inferred: inferred, allowSuperBounded: true);
  }

  void checkBoundsInType(
      DartType type, TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment, Uri fileUri, int offset,
      {bool? inferred, bool allowSuperBounded = true}) {
    List<TypeArgumentIssue> issues = findTypeArgumentIssues(
        type,
        typeEnvironment,
        isNonNullableByDefault
            ? SubtypeCheckMode.withNullabilities
            : SubtypeCheckMode.ignoringNullabilities,
        allowSuperBounded: allowSuperBounded,
        isNonNullableByDefault: library.isNonNullableByDefault,
        areGenericArgumentsAllowed: enableGenericMetadataInLibrary);
    reportTypeArgumentIssues(issues, fileUri, offset, inferred: inferred);
  }

  void checkBoundsInVariableDeclaration(
      VariableDeclaration node, TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment, Uri fileUri,
      {bool inferred = false}) {
    // ignore: unnecessary_null_comparison
    if (node.type == null) return;
    checkBoundsInType(node.type, typeEnvironment, fileUri, node.fileOffset,
        inferred: inferred, allowSuperBounded: true);
  }

  void checkBoundsInConstructorInvocation(
      ConstructorInvocation node, TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment, Uri fileUri,
      {bool inferred = false}) {
    if (node.arguments.types.isEmpty) return;
    Constructor constructor = node.target;
    Class klass = constructor.enclosingClass;
    DartType constructedType = new InterfaceType(
        klass, klass.enclosingLibrary.nonNullable, node.arguments.types);
    checkBoundsInType(
        constructedType, typeEnvironment, fileUri, node.fileOffset,
        inferred: inferred, allowSuperBounded: false);
  }

  void checkBoundsInFactoryInvocation(
      StaticInvocation node, TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment, Uri fileUri,
      {bool inferred = false}) {
    if (node.arguments.types.isEmpty) return;
    Procedure factory = node.target;
    assert(factory.isFactory);
    Class klass = factory.enclosingClass!;
    DartType constructedType = new InterfaceType(
        klass, klass.enclosingLibrary.nonNullable, node.arguments.types);
    checkBoundsInType(
        constructedType, typeEnvironment, fileUri, node.fileOffset,
        inferred: inferred, allowSuperBounded: false);
  }

  void checkBoundsInStaticInvocation(
      StaticInvocation node,
      TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment,
      Uri fileUri,
      TypeArgumentsInfo typeArgumentsInfo) {
    // TODO(johnniwinther): Handle partially inferred type arguments in
    // extension method calls. Currently all are considered inferred in the
    // error messages.
    if (node.arguments.types.isEmpty) return;
    Class? klass = node.target.enclosingClass;
    List<TypeParameter> parameters = node.target.function.typeParameters;
    List<DartType> arguments = node.arguments.types;
    // The following error is to be reported elsewhere.
    if (parameters.length != arguments.length) return;

    final DartType bottomType = isNonNullableByDefault
        ? const NeverType.nonNullable()
        : const NullType();
    List<TypeArgumentIssue> issues = findTypeArgumentIssuesForInvocation(
        parameters,
        arguments,
        typeEnvironment,
        isNonNullableByDefault
            ? SubtypeCheckMode.withNullabilities
            : SubtypeCheckMode.ignoringNullabilities,
        bottomType,
        isNonNullableByDefault: library.isNonNullableByDefault,
        areGenericArgumentsAllowed: enableGenericMetadataInLibrary);
    if (issues.isNotEmpty) {
      DartType? targetReceiver;
      if (klass != null) {
        targetReceiver =
            new InterfaceType(klass, klass.enclosingLibrary.nonNullable);
      }
      String targetName = node.target.name.text;
      reportTypeArgumentIssues(issues, fileUri, node.fileOffset,
          typeArgumentsInfo: typeArgumentsInfo,
          targetReceiver: targetReceiver,
          targetName: targetName);
    }
  }

  void checkBoundsInMethodInvocation(
      DartType receiverType,
      TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment,
      ClassHierarchy hierarchy,
      TypeInferrer typeInferrer,
      Name name,
      Member? interfaceTarget,
      Arguments arguments,
      Uri fileUri,
      int offset) {
    if (arguments.types.isEmpty) return;
    Class klass;
    List<DartType> receiverTypeArguments;
    Map<TypeParameter, DartType> substitutionMap = <TypeParameter, DartType>{};
    if (receiverType is InterfaceType) {
      klass = receiverType.classNode;
      receiverTypeArguments = receiverType.typeArguments;
      for (int i = 0; i < receiverTypeArguments.length; ++i) {
        substitutionMap[klass.typeParameters[i]] = receiverTypeArguments[i];
      }
    } else {
      return;
    }
    // TODO(dmitryas): Find a better way than relying on [interfaceTarget].
    Member? method =
        hierarchy.getDispatchTarget(klass, name) ?? interfaceTarget;
    // ignore: unnecessary_null_comparison
    if (method == null || method is! Procedure) {
      return;
    }
    if (klass != method.enclosingClass) {
      Supertype parent =
          hierarchy.getClassAsInstanceOf(klass, method.enclosingClass!)!;
      klass = method.enclosingClass!;
      receiverTypeArguments = parent.typeArguments;
      Map<TypeParameter, DartType> instanceSubstitutionMap = substitutionMap;
      substitutionMap = <TypeParameter, DartType>{};
      for (int i = 0; i < receiverTypeArguments.length; ++i) {
        substitutionMap[klass.typeParameters[i]] =
            substitute(receiverTypeArguments[i], instanceSubstitutionMap);
      }
    }
    List<TypeParameter> methodParameters = method.function.typeParameters;
    // The error is to be reported elsewhere.
    if (methodParameters.length != arguments.types.length) return;
    List<TypeParameter> instantiatedMethodParameters =
        new List<TypeParameter>.generate(methodParameters.length, (int i) {
      TypeParameter instantiatedMethodParameter =
          new TypeParameter(methodParameters[i].name);
      substitutionMap[methodParameters[i]] =
          new TypeParameterType.forAlphaRenaming(
              methodParameters[i], instantiatedMethodParameter);
      return instantiatedMethodParameter;
    }, growable: false);
    for (int i = 0; i < instantiatedMethodParameters.length; ++i) {
      instantiatedMethodParameters[i].bound =
          substitute(methodParameters[i].bound, substitutionMap);
    }

    final DartType bottomType = isNonNullableByDefault
        ? const NeverType.nonNullable()
        : const NullType();
    List<TypeArgumentIssue> issues = findTypeArgumentIssuesForInvocation(
        instantiatedMethodParameters,
        arguments.types,
        typeEnvironment,
        isNonNullableByDefault
            ? SubtypeCheckMode.withNullabilities
            : SubtypeCheckMode.ignoringNullabilities,
        bottomType,
        isNonNullableByDefault: library.isNonNullableByDefault,
        areGenericArgumentsAllowed: enableGenericMetadataInLibrary);
    reportTypeArgumentIssues(issues, fileUri, offset,
        typeArgumentsInfo: getTypeArgumentsInfo(arguments),
        targetReceiver: receiverType,
        targetName: name.text);
  }

  void checkBoundsInFunctionInvocation(
      TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment,
      ClassHierarchy hierarchy,
      TypeInferrer typeInferrer,
      FunctionType functionType,
      String? localName,
      Arguments arguments,
      Uri fileUri,
      int offset) {
    if (arguments.types.isEmpty) return;

    List<TypeParameter> functionTypeParameters = functionType.typeParameters;
    // The error is to be reported elsewhere.
    if (functionTypeParameters.length != arguments.types.length) return;
    final DartType bottomType = isNonNullableByDefault
        ? const NeverType.nonNullable()
        : const NullType();
    List<TypeArgumentIssue> issues = findTypeArgumentIssuesForInvocation(
        functionTypeParameters,
        arguments.types,
        typeEnvironment,
        isNonNullableByDefault
            ? SubtypeCheckMode.withNullabilities
            : SubtypeCheckMode.ignoringNullabilities,
        bottomType,
        isNonNullableByDefault: library.isNonNullableByDefault,
        areGenericArgumentsAllowed: enableGenericMetadataInLibrary);
    reportTypeArgumentIssues(issues, fileUri, offset,
        typeArgumentsInfo: getTypeArgumentsInfo(arguments),
        // TODO(johnniwinther): Special-case messaging on function type
        //  invocation to avoid reference to 'call' and use the function type
        //  instead.
        targetName: localName ?? 'call');
  }

  void checkBoundsInInstantiation(
      TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment,
      ClassHierarchy hierarchy,
      TypeInferrer typeInferrer,
      FunctionType functionType,
      List<DartType> typeArguments,
      Uri fileUri,
      int offset,
      {required bool inferred}) {
    // ignore: unnecessary_null_comparison
    assert(inferred != null);
    if (typeArguments.isEmpty) return;

    List<TypeParameter> functionTypeParameters = functionType.typeParameters;
    // The error is to be reported elsewhere.
    if (functionTypeParameters.length != typeArguments.length) return;
    final DartType bottomType = isNonNullableByDefault
        ? const NeverType.nonNullable()
        : const NullType();
    List<TypeArgumentIssue> issues = findTypeArgumentIssuesForInvocation(
        functionTypeParameters,
        typeArguments,
        typeEnvironment,
        isNonNullableByDefault
            ? SubtypeCheckMode.withNullabilities
            : SubtypeCheckMode.ignoringNullabilities,
        bottomType,
        isNonNullableByDefault: library.isNonNullableByDefault,
        areGenericArgumentsAllowed: enableGenericMetadataInLibrary);
    reportTypeArgumentIssues(issues, fileUri, offset,
        targetReceiver: functionType,
        typeArgumentsInfo: inferred
            ? const AllInferredTypeArgumentsInfo()
            : const NoneInferredTypeArgumentsInfo());
  }

  void checkTypesInOutline(TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment) {
    Iterable<SourceLibraryBuilder>? patches = this.patchLibraries;
    if (patches != null) {
      for (SourceLibraryBuilder patchLibrary in patches) {
        patchLibrary.checkTypesInOutline(typeEnvironment);
      }
    }

    Iterator<Builder> iterator = this.iterator;
    while (iterator.moveNext()) {
      Builder declaration = iterator.current;
      if (declaration is SourceFieldBuilder) {
        declaration.checkTypes(this, typeEnvironment);
      } else if (declaration is SourceProcedureBuilder) {
        declaration.checkTypes(this, typeEnvironment);
        if (declaration.isGetter) {
          Builder? setterDeclaration =
              scope.lookupLocalMember(declaration.name, setter: true);
          if (setterDeclaration != null) {
            checkGetterSetterTypes(declaration,
                setterDeclaration as ProcedureBuilder, typeEnvironment);
          }
        }
      } else if (declaration is SourceClassBuilder) {
        declaration.checkTypesInOutline(typeEnvironment);
      } else if (declaration is SourceExtensionBuilder) {
        declaration.checkTypesInOutline(typeEnvironment);
      } else if (declaration is SourceTypeAliasBuilder) {
        declaration.checkTypesInOutline(typeEnvironment);
      } else {
        assert(
            declaration is! TypeDeclarationBuilder ||
                declaration is BuiltinTypeDeclarationBuilder,
            "Unexpected declaration ${declaration.runtimeType}");
      }
    }
    inferredTypes.clear();
    checkUncheckedTypedefTypes(typeEnvironment);
  }

  void computeShowHideElements(ClassMembersBuilder membersBuilder) {
    Iterable<SourceLibraryBuilder>? patches = this.patchLibraries;
    if (patches != null) {
      for (SourceLibraryBuilder patchLibrary in patches) {
        patchLibrary.computeShowHideElements(membersBuilder);
      }
    }

    assert(currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.kind ==
        TypeParameterScopeKind.library);
    for (ExtensionBuilder _extensionBuilder
        in currentTypeParameterScopeBuilder.extensions!) {
      ExtensionBuilder extensionBuilder = _extensionBuilder;
      if (extensionBuilder is! SourceExtensionBuilder) continue;
      DartType onType = extensionBuilder.extension.onType;
      if (onType is InterfaceType) {
        ExtensionTypeShowHideClause showHideClause =
            extensionBuilder.extension.showHideClause ??
                new ExtensionTypeShowHideClause();

        // TODO(dmitryas): Handle private names.
        List<Supertype> supertypes = membersBuilder.hierarchyBuilder
            .getNodeFromClass(onType.classNode)
            .superclasses;
        Map<String, Supertype> supertypesByName = <String, Supertype>{};
        for (Supertype supertype in supertypes) {
          // TODO(dmitryas): Should only non-generic supertypes be allowed?
          supertypesByName[supertype.classNode.name] = supertype;
        }

        // Handling elements of the 'show' clause.
        for (String memberOrTypeName in extensionBuilder
            .extensionTypeShowHideClauseBuilder.shownMembersOrTypes) {
          Member? getableMember = membersBuilder.getInterfaceMember(
              onType.classNode, new Name(memberOrTypeName));
          if (getableMember != null) {
            if (getableMember is Field) {
              showHideClause.shownGetters.add(getableMember.getterReference);
            } else if (getableMember.hasGetter) {
              showHideClause.shownGetters.add(getableMember.reference);
            }
          }
          if (getableMember is Procedure &&
              getableMember.kind == ProcedureKind.Method) {
            showHideClause.shownMethods.add(getableMember.reference);
          }
          Member? setableMember = membersBuilder.getInterfaceMember(
              onType.classNode, new Name(memberOrTypeName),
              setter: true);
          if (setableMember != null) {
            if (setableMember is Field) {
              if (setableMember.setterReference != null) {
                showHideClause.shownSetters.add(setableMember.setterReference!);
              } else {
                // TODO(dmitryas): Report an error.
              }
            } else if (setableMember.hasSetter) {
              showHideClause.shownSetters.add(setableMember.reference);
            } else {
              // TODO(dmitryas): Report an error.
            }
          }
          if (getableMember == null && setableMember == null) {
            if (supertypesByName.containsKey(memberOrTypeName)) {
              showHideClause.shownSupertypes
                  .add(supertypesByName[memberOrTypeName]!);
            } else {
              // TODO(dmitryas): Report an error.
            }
          }
        }
        for (String getterName in extensionBuilder
            .extensionTypeShowHideClauseBuilder.shownGetters) {
          Member? member = membersBuilder.getInterfaceMember(
              onType.classNode, new Name(getterName));
          if (member != null) {
            if (member is Field) {
              showHideClause.shownGetters.add(member.getterReference);
            } else if (member.hasGetter) {
              showHideClause.shownGetters.add(member.reference);
            } else {
              // TODO(dmitryas): Handle the erroneous case.
            }
          } else {
            // TODO(dmitryas): Handle the erroneous case.
          }
        }
        for (String setterName in extensionBuilder
            .extensionTypeShowHideClauseBuilder.shownSetters) {
          Member? member = membersBuilder.getInterfaceMember(
              onType.classNode, new Name(setterName),
              setter: true);
          if (member != null) {
            if (member is Field) {
              if (member.setterReference != null) {
                showHideClause.shownSetters.add(member.setterReference!);
              } else {
                // TODO(dmitryas): Report an error.
              }
            } else if (member.hasSetter) {
              showHideClause.shownSetters.add(member.reference);
            } else {
              // TODO(dmitryas): Report an error.
            }
          } else {
            // TODO(dmitryas): Search for a non-setter and report an error.
          }
        }
        for (Operator operator in extensionBuilder
            .extensionTypeShowHideClauseBuilder.shownOperators) {
          Member? member = membersBuilder.getInterfaceMember(
              onType.classNode, new Name(operatorToString(operator)));
          if (member != null) {
            showHideClause.shownOperators.add(member.reference);
          } else {
            // TODO(dmitryas): Handle the erroneous case.
          }
        }

        // TODO(dmitryas): Add a helper function to share logic between
        // handling the 'show' and 'hide' parts.

        // Handling elements of the 'hide' clause.
        for (String memberOrTypeName in extensionBuilder
            .extensionTypeShowHideClauseBuilder.hiddenMembersOrTypes) {
          Member? getableMember = membersBuilder.getInterfaceMember(
              onType.classNode, new Name(memberOrTypeName));
          if (getableMember != null) {
            if (getableMember is Field) {
              showHideClause.hiddenGetters.add(getableMember.getterReference);
            } else if (getableMember.hasGetter) {
              showHideClause.hiddenGetters.add(getableMember.reference);
            }
          }
          if (getableMember is Procedure &&
              getableMember.kind == ProcedureKind.Method) {
            showHideClause.hiddenMethods.add(getableMember.reference);
          }
          Member? setableMember = membersBuilder.getInterfaceMember(
              onType.classNode, new Name(memberOrTypeName),
              setter: true);
          if (setableMember != null) {
            if (setableMember is Field) {
              if (setableMember.setterReference != null) {
                showHideClause.hiddenSetters
                    .add(setableMember.setterReference!);
              } else {
                // TODO(dmitryas): Report an error.
              }
            } else if (setableMember.hasSetter) {
              showHideClause.hiddenSetters.add(setableMember.reference);
            } else {
              // TODO(dmitryas): Report an error.
            }
          }
          if (getableMember == null && setableMember == null) {
            if (supertypesByName.containsKey(memberOrTypeName)) {
              showHideClause.hiddenSupertypes
                  .add(supertypesByName[memberOrTypeName]!);
            } else {
              // TODO(dmitryas): Report an error.
            }
          }
        }
        for (String getterName in extensionBuilder
            .extensionTypeShowHideClauseBuilder.hiddenGetters) {
          Member? member = membersBuilder.getInterfaceMember(
              onType.classNode, new Name(getterName));
          if (member != null) {
            if (member is Field) {
              showHideClause.hiddenGetters.add(member.getterReference);
            } else if (member.hasGetter) {
              showHideClause.hiddenGetters.add(member.reference);
            } else {
              // TODO(dmitryas): Handle the erroneous case.
            }
          } else {
            // TODO(dmitryas): Handle the erroneous case.
          }
        }
        for (String setterName in extensionBuilder
            .extensionTypeShowHideClauseBuilder.hiddenSetters) {
          Member? member = membersBuilder.getInterfaceMember(
              onType.classNode, new Name(setterName),
              setter: true);
          if (member != null) {
            if (member is Field) {
              if (member.setterReference != null) {
                showHideClause.hiddenSetters.add(member.setterReference!);
              } else {
                // TODO(dmitryas): Report an error.
              }
            } else if (member.hasSetter) {
              showHideClause.hiddenSetters.add(member.reference);
            } else {
              // TODO(dmitryas): Report an error.
            }
          } else {
            // TODO(dmitryas): Search for a non-setter and report an error.
          }
        }
        for (Operator operator in extensionBuilder
            .extensionTypeShowHideClauseBuilder.hiddenOperators) {
          Member? member = membersBuilder.getInterfaceMember(
              onType.classNode, new Name(operatorToString(operator)));
          if (member != null) {
            showHideClause.hiddenOperators.add(member.reference);
          } else {
            // TODO(dmitryas): Handle the erroneous case.
          }
        }

        extensionBuilder.extension.showHideClause ??= showHideClause;
      }
    }
  }

  void registerImplicitlyTypedField(SourceFieldBuilder fieldBuilder) {
    (_implicitlyTypedFields ??= <SourceFieldBuilder>[]).add(fieldBuilder);
  }

  void collectImplicitlyTypedFields(
      List<FieldBuilder> implicitlyTypedFieldBuilders) {
    Iterable<SourceLibraryBuilder>? patches = this.patchLibraries;
    if (patches != null) {
      for (SourceLibraryBuilder patchLibrary in patches) {
        patchLibrary.collectImplicitlyTypedFields(implicitlyTypedFieldBuilders);
      }
    }

    if (_implicitlyTypedFields != null) {
      implicitlyTypedFieldBuilders.addAll(_implicitlyTypedFields!);
      _implicitlyTypedFields = null;
    }
  }

  void forEachExtensionInScope(void Function(ExtensionBuilder) f) {
    if (_extensionsInScope == null) {
      _extensionsInScope = <ExtensionBuilder>{};
      scope.forEachExtension((e) {
        if (!e.extension.isExtensionTypeDeclaration) {
          _extensionsInScope!.add(e);
        }
      });
      if (_prefixBuilders != null) {
        for (PrefixBuilder prefix in _prefixBuilders!) {
          prefix.exportScope.forEachExtension((e) {
            if (!e.extension.isExtensionTypeDeclaration) {
              _extensionsInScope!.add(e);
            }
          });
        }
      }
    }
    _extensionsInScope!.forEach(f);
  }

  void clearExtensionsInScopeCache() {
    _extensionsInScope = null;
  }

  /// Set to some non-null name when entering a class; set to null when leaving
  /// the class.
  ///
  /// Called in OutlineBuilder.beginClassDeclaration,
  /// OutlineBuilder.endClassDeclaration,
  /// OutlineBuilder.beginMixinDeclaration,
  /// OutlineBuilder.endMixinDeclaration.
  void setCurrentClassName(String? name) {
    if (name == null) {
      _currentClassReferencesFromIndexed = null;
    } else if (referencesFrom != null) {
      _currentClassReferencesFromIndexed =
          referencesFromIndexed!.lookupIndexedClass(name);
    }
  }

  void registerPendingNullability(
      Uri fileUri, int charOffset, TypeParameterType type) {
    _pendingNullabilities
        .add(new PendingNullability(fileUri, charOffset, type));
  }

  /// Performs delayed bounds checks on [TypedefType]s for the library
  ///
  /// As [TypedefType]s are built, they are eagerly unaliased, making it
  /// impossible to perform the bounds checks on them at the time when the
  /// checks can be done. To perform the checks, [TypedefType]s are added to
  /// [uncheckedTypedefTypes] as they are built.  This method performs the
  /// checks and clears the list of the types for the delayed check.
  void checkUncheckedTypedefTypes(TypeEnvironment typeEnvironment) {
    for (UncheckedTypedefType uncheckedTypedefType in uncheckedTypedefTypes) {
      checkBoundsInType(uncheckedTypedefType.typeToCheck, typeEnvironment,
          uncheckedTypedefType.fileUri!, uncheckedTypedefType.offset!);
    }
    uncheckedTypedefTypes.clear();
  }

  void installTypedefTearOffs() {
    Iterable<SourceLibraryBuilder>? patches = this.patchLibraries;
    if (patches != null) {
      for (SourceLibraryBuilder patchLibrary in patches) {
        patchLibrary.installTypedefTearOffs();
      }
    }

    Iterator<Builder> iterator = this.iterator;
    while (iterator.moveNext()) {
      Builder? declaration = iterator.current;
      while (declaration != null) {
        if (declaration is SourceTypeAliasBuilder) {
          declaration.buildTypedefTearOffs(this, (Procedure procedure) {
            procedure.isStatic = true;
            if (!declaration!.isPatch && !declaration.isDuplicate) {
              library.addProcedure(procedure);
            }
          });
        }
        declaration = declaration.next;
      }
    }
  }
}

// The kind of type parameter scope built by a [TypeParameterScopeBuilder]
// object.
enum TypeParameterScopeKind {
  library,
  classOrNamedMixinApplication,
  classDeclaration,
  mixinDeclaration,
  unnamedMixinApplication,
  namedMixinApplication,
  extensionDeclaration,
  typedef,
  staticMethod,
  instanceMethod,
  constructor,
  topLevelMethod,
  factoryMethod,
  functionType,
  enumDeclaration,
}

/// A builder object preparing for building declarations that can introduce type
/// parameter and/or members.
///
/// Unlike [Scope], this scope is used during construction of builders to
/// ensure types and members are added to and resolved in the correct location.
class TypeParameterScopeBuilder {
  TypeParameterScopeKind _kind;

  final TypeParameterScopeBuilder? parent;

  final Map<String, Builder>? members;

  final Map<String, MemberBuilder>? constructors;

  final Map<String, MemberBuilder>? setters;

  final Set<ExtensionBuilder>? extensions;

  final List<NamedTypeBuilder> unresolvedNamedTypes = <NamedTypeBuilder>[];

  // TODO(johnniwinther): Stop using [_name] for determining the declaration
  // kind.
  String _name;

  /// Offset of name token, updated by the outline builder along
  /// with the name as the current declaration changes.
  int _charOffset;

  List<TypeVariableBuilder>? _typeVariables;

  /// The type of `this` in instance methods declared in extension declarations.
  ///
  /// Instance methods declared in extension declarations methods are extended
  /// with a synthesized parameter of this type.
  TypeBuilder? _extensionThisType;

  bool declaresConstConstructor = false;

  TypeParameterScopeBuilder(
      this._kind,
      this.members,
      this.setters,
      this.constructors,
      this.extensions,
      this._name,
      this._charOffset,
      this.parent) {
    // ignore: unnecessary_null_comparison
    assert(_name != null);
  }

  TypeParameterScopeBuilder.library()
      : this(
            TypeParameterScopeKind.library,
            <String, Builder>{},
            <String, MemberBuilder>{},
            null, // No support for constructors in library scopes.
            <ExtensionBuilder>{},
            "<library>",
            -1,
            null);

  TypeParameterScopeBuilder createNested(
      TypeParameterScopeKind kind, String name, bool hasMembers) {
    return new TypeParameterScopeBuilder(
        kind,
        hasMembers ? <String, MemberBuilder>{} : null,
        hasMembers ? <String, MemberBuilder>{} : null,
        hasMembers ? <String, MemberBuilder>{} : null,
        null, // No support for extensions in nested scopes.
        name,
        -1,
        this);
  }

  /// Registers that this builder is preparing for a class declaration with the
  /// given [name] and [typeVariables] located [charOffset].
  void markAsClassDeclaration(
      String name, int charOffset, List<TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariables) {
    assert(_kind == TypeParameterScopeKind.classOrNamedMixinApplication,
        "Unexpected declaration kind: $_kind");
    _kind = TypeParameterScopeKind.classDeclaration;
    _name = name;
    _charOffset = charOffset;
    _typeVariables = typeVariables;
  }

  /// Registers that this builder is preparing for a named mixin application
  /// with the given [name] and [typeVariables] located [charOffset].
  void markAsNamedMixinApplication(
      String name, int charOffset, List<TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariables) {
    assert(_kind == TypeParameterScopeKind.classOrNamedMixinApplication,
        "Unexpected declaration kind: $_kind");
    _kind = TypeParameterScopeKind.namedMixinApplication;
    _name = name;
    _charOffset = charOffset;
    _typeVariables = typeVariables;
  }

  /// Registers that this builder is preparing for a mixin declaration with the
  /// given [name] and [typeVariables] located [charOffset].
  void markAsMixinDeclaration(
      String name, int charOffset, List<TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariables) {
    // TODO(johnniwinther): Avoid using 'classOrNamedMixinApplication' for mixin
    // declaration. These are syntactically distinct so we don't need the
    // transition.
    assert(_kind == TypeParameterScopeKind.classOrNamedMixinApplication,
        "Unexpected declaration kind: $_kind");
    _kind = TypeParameterScopeKind.mixinDeclaration;
    _name = name;
    _charOffset = charOffset;
    _typeVariables = typeVariables;
  }

  /// Registers that this builder is preparing for an extension declaration with
  /// the given [name] and [typeVariables] located [charOffset].
  void markAsExtensionDeclaration(
      String name, int charOffset, List<TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariables) {
    assert(_kind == TypeParameterScopeKind.extensionDeclaration,
        "Unexpected declaration kind: $_kind");
    _name = name;
    _charOffset = charOffset;
    _typeVariables = typeVariables;
  }

  /// Registers that this builder is preparing for an enum declaration with
  /// the given [name] and [typeVariables] located [charOffset].
  void markAsEnumDeclaration(
      String name, int charOffset, List<TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariables) {
    assert(_kind == TypeParameterScopeKind.enumDeclaration,
        "Unexpected declaration kind: $_kind");
    _name = name;
    _charOffset = charOffset;
    _typeVariables = typeVariables;
  }

  /// Registers the 'extension this type' of the extension declaration prepared
  /// for by this builder.
  ///
  /// See [extensionThisType] for terminology.
  void registerExtensionThisType(TypeBuilder type) {
    assert(_kind == TypeParameterScopeKind.extensionDeclaration,
        "DeclarationBuilder.registerExtensionThisType is not supported $_kind");
    assert(_extensionThisType == null,
        "Extension this type has already been set.");
    _extensionThisType = type;
  }

  /// Returns what kind of declaration this [TypeParameterScopeBuilder] is
  /// preparing for.
  ///
  /// This information is transient for some declarations. In particular
  /// classes and named mixin applications are initially created with the kind
  /// [TypeParameterScopeKind.classOrNamedMixinApplication] before a call to
  /// either [markAsClassDeclaration] or [markAsNamedMixinApplication] sets the
  /// value to its actual kind.
  // TODO(johnniwinther): Avoid the transition currently used on mixin
  // declarations.
  TypeParameterScopeKind get kind => _kind;

  String get name => _name;

  int get charOffset => _charOffset;

  List<TypeVariableBuilder>? get typeVariables => _typeVariables;

  /// Returns the 'extension this type' of the extension declaration prepared
  /// for by this builder.
  ///
  /// The 'extension this type' is the type mentioned in the on-clause of the
  /// extension declaration. For instance `B` in this extension declaration:
  ///
  ///     extension A on B {
  ///       B method() => this;
  ///     }
  ///
  /// The 'extension this type' is the type if `this` expression in instance
  /// methods declared in extension declarations.
  TypeBuilder get extensionThisType {
    assert(kind == TypeParameterScopeKind.extensionDeclaration,
        "DeclarationBuilder.extensionThisType not supported on $kind.");
    assert(_extensionThisType != null,
        "DeclarationBuilder.extensionThisType has not been set on $this.");
    return _extensionThisType!;
  }

  /// Adds the yet unresolved [type] to this scope builder.
  ///
  /// Unresolved type will be resolved through [resolveNamedTypes] when the
  /// scope is fully built. This allows for resolving self-referencing types,
  /// like type parameter used in their own bound, for instance
  /// `<T extends A<T>>`.
  void registerUnresolvedNamedType(NamedTypeBuilder type) {
    unresolvedNamedTypes.add(type);
  }

  /// Resolves type variables in [unresolvedNamedTypes] and propagate other
  /// types to [parent].
  void resolveNamedTypes(
      List<TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariables, SourceLibraryBuilder library) {
    Map<String, TypeVariableBuilder>? map;
    if (typeVariables != null) {
      map = <String, TypeVariableBuilder>{};
      for (TypeVariableBuilder builder in typeVariables) {
        map[builder.name] = builder;
      }
    }
    Scope? scope;
    for (NamedTypeBuilder namedTypeBuilder in unresolvedNamedTypes) {
      Object? nameOrQualified = namedTypeBuilder.name;
      String? name = nameOrQualified is QualifiedName
          ? nameOrQualified.qualifier as String
          : nameOrQualified as String?;
      Builder? declaration;
      if (name != null) {
        if (members != null) {
          declaration = members![name];
        }
        if (declaration == null && map != null) {
          declaration = map[name];
        }
      }
      if (declaration == null) {
        // Since name didn't resolve in this scope, propagate it to the
        // parent declaration.
        parent!.registerUnresolvedNamedType(namedTypeBuilder);
      } else if (nameOrQualified is QualifiedName) {
        // Attempt to use a member or type variable as a prefix.
        Message message = templateNotAPrefixInTypeAnnotation.withArguments(
            flattenName(nameOrQualified.qualifier, namedTypeBuilder.charOffset!,
                namedTypeBuilder.fileUri!),
            nameOrQualified.name);
        library.addProblem(
            message,
            namedTypeBuilder.charOffset!,
            nameOrQualified.endCharOffset - namedTypeBuilder.charOffset!,
            namedTypeBuilder.fileUri!);
        namedTypeBuilder.bind(namedTypeBuilder
            .buildInvalidTypeDeclarationBuilder(message.withLocation(
                namedTypeBuilder.fileUri!,
                namedTypeBuilder.charOffset!,
                nameOrQualified.endCharOffset - namedTypeBuilder.charOffset!)));
      } else {
        scope ??= toScope(null).withTypeVariables(typeVariables);
        namedTypeBuilder.resolveIn(scope, namedTypeBuilder.charOffset!,
            namedTypeBuilder.fileUri!, library);
      }
    }
    unresolvedNamedTypes.clear();
  }

  Scope toScope(Scope? parent) {
    return new Scope(
        local: members ?? const {},
        setters: setters,
        extensions: extensions,
        parent: parent,
        debugName: name,
        isModifiable: false);
  }

  @override
  String toString() => 'DeclarationBuilder(${hashCode}:kind=$kind,name=$name)';
}

class FieldInfo {
  final String name;
  final int charOffset;
  final Token? initializerToken;
  final Token? beforeLast;
  final int charEndOffset;

  const FieldInfo(this.name, this.charOffset, this.initializerToken,
      this.beforeLast, this.charEndOffset);
}

Uri computeLibraryUri(Builder declaration) {
  Builder? current = declaration;
  while (current != null) {
    if (current is LibraryBuilder) return current.importUri;
    current = current.parent;
  }
  return unhandled("no library parent", "${declaration.runtimeType}",
      declaration.charOffset, declaration.fileUri);
}

String extractName(name) => name is QualifiedName ? name.name : name;

class PostponedProblem {
  final Message message;
  final int charOffset;
  final int length;
  final Uri fileUri;

  PostponedProblem(this.message, this.charOffset, this.length, this.fileUri);
}

class LanguageVersion {
  final Version version;
  final Uri? fileUri;
  final int charOffset;
  final int charCount;
  bool isFinal = false;

  LanguageVersion(this.version, this.fileUri, this.charOffset, this.charCount);

  bool get isExplicit => true;

  bool get valid => true;

  @override
  int get hashCode => version.hashCode * 13 + isExplicit.hashCode * 19;

  @override
  bool operator ==(Object other) {
    if (identical(this, other)) return true;
    return other is LanguageVersion &&
        version == other.version &&
        isExplicit == other.isExplicit;
  }

  @override
  String toString() {
    return 'LanguageVersion(version=$version,isExplicit=$isExplicit,'
        'fileUri=$fileUri,charOffset=$charOffset,charCount=$charCount)';
  }
}

class InvalidLanguageVersion implements LanguageVersion {
  @override
  final Uri fileUri;
  @override
  final int charOffset;
  @override
  final int charCount;
  @override
  final Version version;
  @override
  final bool isExplicit;
  @override
  bool isFinal = false;

  InvalidLanguageVersion(this.fileUri, this.charOffset, this.charCount,
      this.version, this.isExplicit);

  @override
  bool get valid => false;

  @override
  int get hashCode => isExplicit.hashCode * 19;

  @override
  bool operator ==(Object other) {
    if (identical(this, other)) return true;
    return other is InvalidLanguageVersion && isExplicit == other.isExplicit;
  }

  @override
  String toString() {
    return 'InvalidLanguageVersion(isExplicit=$isExplicit,'
        'fileUri=$fileUri,charOffset=$charOffset,charCount=$charCount)';
  }
}

class ImplicitLanguageVersion implements LanguageVersion {
  @override
  final Version version;
  @override
  bool isFinal = false;

  ImplicitLanguageVersion(this.version);

  @override
  bool get valid => true;

  @override
  Uri? get fileUri => null;

  @override
  int get charOffset => -1;

  @override
  int get charCount => noLength;

  @override
  bool get isExplicit => false;

  @override
  bool operator ==(Object other) {
    if (identical(this, other)) return true;
    return other is ImplicitLanguageVersion && version == other.version;
  }

  @override
  String toString() {
    return 'ImplicitLanguageVersion(version=$version)';
  }
}

List<TypeVariableBuilder> _sortTypeVariablesTopologically(
    Iterable<TypeVariableBuilder> typeVariables) {
  Set<TypeVariableBuilder> unhandled = new Set<TypeVariableBuilder>.identity()
    ..addAll(typeVariables);
  List<TypeVariableBuilder> result = <TypeVariableBuilder>[];
  while (unhandled.isNotEmpty) {
    TypeVariableBuilder rootVariable = unhandled.first;
    unhandled.remove(rootVariable);
    if (rootVariable.bound != null) {
      _sortTypeVariablesTopologicallyFromRoot(
          rootVariable.bound!, unhandled, result);
    }
    result.add(rootVariable);
  }
  return result;
}

void _sortTypeVariablesTopologicallyFromRoot(TypeBuilder root,
    Set<TypeVariableBuilder> unhandled, List<TypeVariableBuilder> result) {
  // ignore: unnecessary_null_comparison
  assert(root != null);

  List<TypeVariableBuilder>? typeVariables;
  List<TypeBuilder>? internalDependents;

  if (root is NamedTypeBuilder) {
    TypeDeclarationBuilder? declaration = root.declaration;
    if (declaration is ClassBuilder) {
      if (declaration.typeVariables != null &&
          declaration.typeVariables!.isNotEmpty) {
        typeVariables = declaration.typeVariables;
      }
    } else if (declaration is TypeAliasBuilder) {
      if (declaration.typeVariables != null &&
          declaration.typeVariables!.isNotEmpty) {
        typeVariables = declaration.typeVariables;
      }
      internalDependents = <TypeBuilder>[declaration.type!];
    } else if (declaration is TypeVariableBuilder) {
      typeVariables = <TypeVariableBuilder>[declaration];
    }
  } else if (root is FunctionTypeBuilder) {
    if (root.typeVariables != null && root.typeVariables!.isNotEmpty) {
      typeVariables = root.typeVariables;
    }
    if (root.formals != null && root.formals!.isNotEmpty) {
      internalDependents = <TypeBuilder>[];
      for (FormalParameterBuilder formal in root.formals!) {
        internalDependents.add(formal.type!);
      }
    }
    if (root.returnType != null) {
      (internalDependents ??= <TypeBuilder>[]).add(root.returnType!);
    }
  }

  if (typeVariables != null && typeVariables.isNotEmpty) {
    for (TypeVariableBuilder variable in typeVariables) {
      if (unhandled.contains(variable)) {
        unhandled.remove(variable);
        if (variable.bound != null) {
          _sortTypeVariablesTopologicallyFromRoot(
              variable.bound!, unhandled, result);
        }
        result.add(variable);
      }
    }
  }
  if (internalDependents != null && internalDependents.isNotEmpty) {
    for (TypeBuilder type in internalDependents) {
      _sortTypeVariablesTopologicallyFromRoot(type, unhandled, result);
    }
  }
}

class PendingNullability {
  final Uri fileUri;
  final int charOffset;
  final TypeParameterType type;

  PendingNullability(this.fileUri, this.charOffset, this.type);
}

class UncheckedTypedefType {
  final TypedefType typeToCheck;

  int? offset;
  Uri? fileUri;

  UncheckedTypedefType(this.typeToCheck);
}