// Copyright (c) 2013, the Dart project authors.  Please see the AUTHORS file
// for details. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a
// BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

#include "vm/block_scheduler.h"

#include "vm/allocation.h"
#include "vm/code_patcher.h"
#include "vm/flow_graph.h"

namespace dart {

DEFINE_FLAG(bool, emit_edge_counters, true, "Emit edge counters at targets.");

static intptr_t GetEdgeCount(const Array& edge_counters, intptr_t edge_id) {
  if (!FLAG_emit_edge_counters) {
    // Assume everything was visited once.
    return 1;
  }
  return Smi::Value(Smi::RawCast(edge_counters.At(edge_id)));
}


// There is an edge from instruction->successor.  Set its weight (edge count
// per function entry).
static void SetEdgeWeight(BlockEntryInstr* block,
                          BlockEntryInstr* successor,
                          const Array& edge_counters,
                          intptr_t entry_count) {
  TargetEntryInstr* target = successor->AsTargetEntry();
  if (target != NULL) {
    // If this block ends in a goto, the edge count of this edge is the same
    // as the count on the single outgoing edge. This is true as long as the
    // block does not throw an exception.
    intptr_t count = GetEdgeCount(edge_counters, target->preorder_number());
    if ((count >= 0) && (entry_count != 0)) {
      double weight =
          static_cast<double>(count) / static_cast<double>(entry_count);
      target->set_edge_weight(weight);
    }
  } else {
    GotoInstr* jump = block->last_instruction()->AsGoto();
    if (jump != NULL) {
      intptr_t count =
          GetEdgeCount(edge_counters, block->preorder_number());
      if ((count >= 0) && (entry_count != 0)) {
        double weight =
            static_cast<double>(count) / static_cast<double>(entry_count);
        jump->set_edge_weight(weight);
      }
    }
  }
}


void BlockScheduler::AssignEdgeWeights() const {
  if (!FLAG_emit_edge_counters) {
    return;
  }

  const Array& ic_data_array = Array::Handle(flow_graph()->zone(),
      flow_graph()->parsed_function().function().ic_data_array());
  Array& edge_counters = Array::Handle();
  edge_counters ^= ic_data_array.At(0);

  intptr_t entry_count = GetEdgeCount(
      edge_counters,
      flow_graph()->graph_entry()->normal_entry()->preorder_number());
  flow_graph()->graph_entry()->set_entry_count(entry_count);

  for (BlockIterator it = flow_graph()->reverse_postorder_iterator();
       !it.Done();
       it.Advance()) {
    BlockEntryInstr* block = it.Current();
    Instruction* last = block->last_instruction();
    for (intptr_t i = 0; i < last->SuccessorCount(); ++i) {
      BlockEntryInstr* succ = last->SuccessorAt(i);
      SetEdgeWeight(block, succ, edge_counters, entry_count);
    }
  }
}


// A weighted control-flow graph edge.
struct Edge {
  Edge(BlockEntryInstr* source, BlockEntryInstr* target, double weight)
      : source(source), target(target), weight(weight) { }

  static int LowestWeightFirst(const Edge* a, const Edge* b);

  BlockEntryInstr* source;
  BlockEntryInstr* target;
  double weight;
};


// A linked list node in a chain of blocks.
struct Link : public ZoneAllocated {
  Link(BlockEntryInstr* block, Link* next) : block(block), next(next) { }

  BlockEntryInstr* block;
  Link* next;
};


// A chain of blocks with first and last pointers for fast concatenation and
// a length to support adding a shorter chain's links to a longer chain.
struct Chain : public ZoneAllocated {
  explicit Chain(BlockEntryInstr* block)
      : first(new Link(block, NULL)), last(first), length(1) { }

  Link* first;
  Link* last;
  intptr_t length;
};


int Edge::LowestWeightFirst(const Edge* a, const Edge* b) {
  if (a->weight < b->weight) {
    return -1;
  }
  return (a->weight > b->weight) ? 1 : 0;
}


// Combine two chains by adding the shorter chain's links to the longer
// chain.
static void Union(GrowableArray<Chain*>* chains,
                  Chain* source_chain,
                  Chain* target_chain) {
  if (source_chain->length < target_chain->length) {
    for (Link* link = source_chain->first; link != NULL; link = link->next) {
      (*chains)[link->block->postorder_number()] = target_chain;
    }
    // Link the chains.
    source_chain->last->next = target_chain->first;
    // Update the state of the longer chain.
    target_chain->first = source_chain->first;
    target_chain->length += source_chain->length;
  } else {
    for (Link* link = target_chain->first; link != NULL; link = link->next) {
      (*chains)[link->block->postorder_number()] = source_chain;
    }
    source_chain->last->next = target_chain->first;
    source_chain->last = target_chain->last;
    source_chain->length += target_chain->length;
  }
}


void BlockScheduler::ReorderBlocks() const {
  // Add every block to a chain of length 1 and compute a list of edges
  // sorted by weight.
  intptr_t block_count = flow_graph()->preorder().length();
  GrowableArray<Edge> edges(2 * block_count);

  // A map from a block's postorder number to the chain it is in.  Used to
  // implement a simple (ordered) union-find data structure.  Chains are
  // stored by pointer so that they are aliased (mutating one mutates all
  // shared ones).  Find(n) is simply chains[n].
  GrowableArray<Chain*> chains(block_count);

  for (BlockIterator it = flow_graph()->postorder_iterator();
       !it.Done();
       it.Advance()) {
    BlockEntryInstr* block = it.Current();
    chains.Add(new Chain(block));

    Instruction* last = block->last_instruction();
    for (intptr_t i = 0; i < last->SuccessorCount(); ++i) {
      BlockEntryInstr* succ = last->SuccessorAt(i);
      double weight = 0.0;
      if (succ->IsTargetEntry()) {
        weight = succ->AsTargetEntry()->edge_weight();
      } else if (last->IsGoto()) {
        weight = last->AsGoto()->edge_weight();
      }
      edges.Add(Edge(block, succ, weight));
    }
  }

  // Handle each edge in turn.  The edges are sorted by increasing weight.
  edges.Sort(Edge::LowestWeightFirst);
  while (!edges.is_empty()) {
    Edge edge = edges.RemoveLast();
    Chain* source_chain = chains[edge.source->postorder_number()];
    Chain* target_chain = chains[edge.target->postorder_number()];

    // If the source and target are already in the same chain or if the
    // edge's source or target is not exposed at the appropriate end of a
    // chain skip this edge.
    if ((source_chain == target_chain) ||
        (edge.source != source_chain->last->block) ||
        (edge.target != target_chain->first->block)) {
      continue;
    }

    Union(&chains, source_chain, target_chain);
  }

  // Build a new block order.  Emit each chain when its first block occurs
  // in the original reverse postorder ordering (which gives a topological
  // sort of the blocks).
  for (intptr_t i = block_count - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
    if (chains[i]->first->block == flow_graph()->postorder()[i]) {
      for (Link* link = chains[i]->first; link != NULL; link = link->next) {
        flow_graph()->CodegenBlockOrder(true)->Add(link->block);
      }
    }
  }
}

}  // namespace dart