Allow arrow keys to navigate `MenuAnchor` independently of global shortcut definition (#155728)

This PR adjusts the implementation of handling navigational shortcuts (i.e. arrow keys) on `MenuAnchor` and `DropdownMenu`.

## Motivation
The direct outcome of this PR is to allow keyboard to enter submenus on Web: When the focus is on a `MenuAnchor` while the menu is open, pressing arrow keys should move the focus to the menu item.
* Before the PR, this works for all platforms but Web, a problem described in https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/119532#issuecomment-2274705565.

It is caused by the fact that `MenuAnchor` does not wrap itself with a `Shortcuts`, and therefore key events when the focus is on a `MenuAnchor` has been working only because the event falls back to the `Shortcuts` widget defined by `WidgetsApp`, whose default value happens to satisfy `MenuAnchor`'s needs - except on Web where arrow keys are defined to scroll instead of traverse.

Instead of defining this problem as "just a patch for Web", I think it's better to define it as a problem of all platforms: `MenuAnchor`'s shortcuts should be independent of `WidgetsApp.shortcuts`. Because even if `WidgetsApp.shortcuts` is redefined as something else, people should probably still expect arrow keys to work on `MenuAnchor`.

Therefore this PR makes `MenuAnchor` produce a `Shortcuts` by itself.

### Dropdown menu
The fix above breaks `DropdownMenu`. `DropdownMenu` uses `MenuAnchor`, while defining its own shortcuts because, when filter is enabled:
* The left and right arrow keys need to move the text carets instead
* The up and down arrow keys need to "fake" directional navigation - the focus needs to stay on the text field, while some menu item is highlighted as if it is focused.

Before the PR, `DropdownMenu` defines these shortcuts out of `MenuAnchor`. In order for the `DropdownMenu`'s shortcuts to take priority, these shortcuts are moved to between `MenuAnchor` and the `Textfield`.

A test is added to verify that the left/right keys move text carets.

Below are psuedo-widget-trees after the PR:
```
MenuAnchor
 |- Shortcuts(arrows->DirectionalFocusIntent)
    |- MenuAnchor.child
    |- menu

DropdownMenu
 |- Actions(DirectionalFocusIntent->_dropdownMenuNavigation)
    |- MenuAnchor
        |- Shortcuts(arrows->DirectionalFocusIntent)
            |- Shortcuts(leftright->ExtendSelectionByCharacterIntent, updown->_dropdownMenuArrowIntent)
            |  |- TextField
            |     |- EditableText
            |        |- Actions(DirectionalFocusIntent->DirectionalFocusAction.forTextField)
            |- menu
```

## Known issues
After this PR, traversing the menu still have quite a few problems, which are left for other PRs.
https://dart.googlesource.com/external/github.com/flutter/flutter/+/59e57437dba691e045dc417c705a9dc48db8acfb
2 files changed
tree: 17cc535b1366f5e2e99e782dedc32971e8147bd9
  1. ci/
  2. tools/
  3. .gitignore
  4. commits.json
  5. DEPS
  6. OWNERS
  7. README.md
README.md

Monorepo

A gclient solution for checking out Dart and Flutter source trees

Monorepo is:

  • Optimized for Tip-of-Tree testing: The Monorepo DEPS used to check out Dart and Flutter dependencies comes from the Flutter engine DEPS with updated dependencies from Dart.

Checking out Monorepo

With depot_tools installed and on your path, create a directory for your monorepo checkout and run these commands to create a gclient solution in that directory:

mkdir monorepo
cd monorepo
gclient config --unmanaged https://dart.googlesource.com/monorepo
gclient sync -D

This gives you a checkout in the monorepo directory that contains:

monorepo/
  DEPS - the DEPS used for this gclient checkout
  commits.json - the pinned commits for Dart, flutter/engine,
                 and flutter/flutter
  tools/ - scripts used to create monorepo DEPS
engine/src/ - the flutter/buildroot repo
    flutter/ - the flutter/engine repo
    out/ - the build directory, where Flutter engine builds are created
    third_party/ - Flutter dependencies checked out by DEPS
      dart/ - the Dart SDK checkout.
        third_party - Dart dependencies, also used by Flutter
flutter/ - the flutter/flutter repo

Building Flutter engine

Flutter's instructions for building the engine are at Compiling the engine

They can be followed closely, with a few changes:

  • Googlers working on Dart do not need to switch to Fuchsia's Goma RBE, except for Windows. The GOMA_DIR enviroment variable can just point to the .cipd_bin directory in a depot_tools installation, and just goma_ctl ensure_start is sufficient.
  • The --no-prebuilt-dart-sdk option has to be added to every gn command, so that the build is set up to build and use a local Dart SDK.
  • The --full-dart-sdk option must be added to gn for the host build target if you will be building web or desktop apps.

Example build commands that work on linux:

MONOREPO_PATH=$PWD
if [[ ! $PATH =~ (^|:)$MONOREPO_PATH/flutter/bin(:|$) ]]; then
  PATH=$MONOREPO_PATH/flutter/bin:$PATH
fi

export GOMA_DIR=$(dirname $(command -v gclient))/.cipd_bin
goma_ctl ensure_start

pushd engine/src
flutter/tools/gn --goma --no-prebuilt-dart-sdk --unoptimized --full-dart-sdk
autoninja -C out/host_debug_unopt
popd

Building Flutter apps

The Flutter commands used to build and run apps will use the locally built Flutter engine and Dart SDK, instead of the one downloaded by the Flutter tool, if the --local-engine option is provided.

For example, to build and run the Flutter spinning square sample on the web platform,

MONOREPO_PATH=$PWD
cd flutter/examples/layers
flutter --local-engine=host_debug_unopt \
  -d chrome run widgets/spinning_square.dart
cd $MONOREPO_PATH

To build for desktop, specify the desktop platform device in flutter run as -d macos or -d linux or -d windows. You may also need to run the command

flutter create --platforms=windows,macos,linux

on existing apps, such as sample apps. New apps created with flutter create already include these support files. Details of desktop support are at Desktop Support for Flutter

Testing

Tests in the Flutter source tree can be run with the flutter test command, run in the directory of a package containing tests. For example:

MONOREPO_PATH=$PWD
cd flutter/packages/flutter
flutter test --local-engine=host_debug_unopt
cd $MONOREPO_PATH

Troubleshooting

Please file an issue or email the dart-engprod team with any problems with or questions about using monorepo.

We will update this documentation to address them.

  • flutter commands may download the engine and Dart SDK files for the configured channel, even though they will be using the local engine and its SDK.

Windows

  • On Windows, gclient sync needs to be run in an administrator session, because some installed dependencies create symlinks.