[vm/ffi] `address` of operator for FFI leaf calls

During FFI leaf calls, the Dart GC will not run. This means that we
can pass pointers into `TypedData` to FFI calls that take `Pointer`
arguments.

After this CL, we have three types of arguments that can flow into
`Pointer` argument in an FFI call:
* `Pointer`.
* `TypedData`: Any typed data including views.
* `_Compound`: A TypedData/Pointer and an offset in bytes.

The is only possible for `@Native external` functions, `asFunction`
does not support passing in `TypedData`. (See related GitHub issues
for discussion. TLDR: FFIgen should generate bindings without config.)

`.address` expressions on `TypedData` and `Array` elements do _not_
introduce bounds checks, even though `TypedData` and `Array` have
bounds information. E.g. `ffiNative(Uint8List(10)[20].address)` does
not throw.

Implementation details:

The CFE analyzes call-sites to `@Native external` functions. If the
arguments are `.address` expressions, it transforms the call site to
pass the compound or `TypedData`. If an additional offset needs to be
applied, the CFE constructs a new `_Compound` with the correct offset
in bytes.

The CFE then also creates a new `@Native external` function which have
`TypedData`s and `_Compound`s parameters. To avoid name clashes, these
functions are postfixed with `#` and `P`, `T`, or `C` for each Pointer
parameter.

TEST=pkg/vm/testcases/transformations/ffi/address_of_*

In the VM, `TypedData` arguments are passed as tagged values, and the
address is loaded inside the `FfiCallInstr`. `_Compound` arguments
turn into two IL definitions, one for the `TypedDataBase` (tagged),
and one for the offset in bytes (unboxed). The address is then loaded
inside the `FfiCallInstr` and the offset in bytes is applied.

Adding the offset in bytes required an extra temp register for ia32.
Also, it uncovered that the temp register in arm32 was conflicting
with the argument registers. However, TMP should suffice instead.

TEST=tests/ffi/address_of_array_generated_test.dart
TEST=tests/ffi/address_of_struct_generated_test.dart
TEST=tests/ffi/address_of_typeddata_generated_test.dart

Closes: https://github.com/dart-lang/sdk/issues/44589
Closes: https://github.com/dart-lang/sdk/issues/54771

CoreLibraryReviewExempt: VM only, unsupported in dart2wasm
Change-Id: I01fb428cfd6f9096a34689c2819c124a8003cb6b
Cq-Include-Trybots: dart/try:vm-aot-android-release-arm64c-try,vm-aot-android-release-arm_x64-try,vm-aot-linux-debug-x64-try,vm-aot-linux-debug-x64c-try,vm-aot-mac-release-arm64-try,vm-aot-mac-release-x64-try,vm-aot-obfuscate-linux-release-x64-try,vm-aot-optimization-level-linux-release-x64-try,vm-aot-win-debug-arm64-try,vm-aot-win-debug-x64c-try,vm-aot-win-release-x64-try,vm-appjit-linux-debug-x64-try,vm-asan-linux-release-x64-try,vm-checked-mac-release-arm64-try,vm-eager-optimization-linux-release-ia32-try,vm-eager-optimization-linux-release-x64-try,vm-ffi-android-debug-arm64c-try,vm-ffi-qemu-linux-release-arm-try,vm-ffi-qemu-linux-release-riscv64-try,vm-linux-debug-ia32-try,vm-linux-debug-x64-try,vm-linux-debug-x64c-try,vm-mac-debug-arm64-try,vm-mac-debug-x64-try,vm-msan-linux-release-x64-try,vm-reload-linux-debug-x64-try,vm-reload-rollback-linux-debug-x64-try,vm-ubsan-linux-release-x64-try,vm-win-debug-arm64-try,vm-win-debug-x64-try,vm-win-debug-x64c-try,vm-win-release-ia32-try
Reviewed-on: https://dart-review.googlesource.com/c/sdk/+/360882
Reviewed-by: Jens Johansen <jensj@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Wilkerson <brianwilkerson@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Martin Kustermann <kustermann@google.com>
Commit-Queue: Daco Harkes <dacoharkes@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Tess Strickland <sstrickl@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Lasse Nielsen <lrn@google.com>

https://dart.googlesource.com/sdk/+/4b66657b984d41c34250e1e7b80030fcfb6a82a8
2 files changed
tree: 2580442ffa4e73e5cb46c32d935c5716353bb048
  1. ci/
  2. tools/
  3. .gitignore
  4. commits.json
  5. DEPS
  6. OWNERS
  7. README.md
README.md

Monorepo

A gclient solution for checking out Dart and Flutter source trees

Monorepo is:

  • Optimized for Tip-of-Tree testing: The Monorepo DEPS used to check out Dart and Flutter dependencies comes from the Flutter engine DEPS with updated dependencies from Dart.

Checking out Monorepo

With depot_tools installed and on your path, create a directory for your monorepo checkout and run these commands to create a gclient solution in that directory:

mkdir monorepo
cd monorepo
gclient config --unmanaged https://dart.googlesource.com/monorepo
gclient sync -D

This gives you a checkout in the monorepo directory that contains:

monorepo/
  DEPS - the DEPS used for this gclient checkout
  commits.json - the pinned commits for Dart, flutter/engine,
                 and flutter/flutter
  tools/ - scripts used to create monorepo DEPS
engine/src/ - the flutter/buildroot repo
    flutter/ - the flutter/engine repo
    out/ - the build directory, where Flutter engine builds are created
    third_party/ - Flutter dependencies checked out by DEPS
      dart/ - the Dart SDK checkout.
        third_party - Dart dependencies, also used by Flutter
flutter/ - the flutter/flutter repo

Building Flutter engine

Flutter's instructions for building the engine are at Compiling the engine

They can be followed closely, with a few changes:

  • Googlers working on Dart do not need to switch to Fuchsia's Goma RBE, except for Windows. The GOMA_DIR enviroment variable can just point to the .cipd_bin directory in a depot_tools installation, and just goma_ctl ensure_start is sufficient.
  • The --no-prebuilt-dart-sdk option has to be added to every gn command, so that the build is set up to build and use a local Dart SDK.
  • The --full-dart-sdk option must be added to gn for the host build target if you will be building web or desktop apps.

Example build commands that work on linux:

MONOREPO_PATH=$PWD
if [[ ! $PATH =~ (^|:)$MONOREPO_PATH/flutter/bin(:|$) ]]; then
  PATH=$MONOREPO_PATH/flutter/bin:$PATH
fi

export GOMA_DIR=$(dirname $(command -v gclient))/.cipd_bin
goma_ctl ensure_start

pushd engine/src
flutter/tools/gn --goma --no-prebuilt-dart-sdk --unoptimized --full-dart-sdk
autoninja -C out/host_debug_unopt
popd

Building Flutter apps

The Flutter commands used to build and run apps will use the locally built Flutter engine and Dart SDK, instead of the one downloaded by the Flutter tool, if the --local-engine option is provided.

For example, to build and run the Flutter spinning square sample on the web platform,

MONOREPO_PATH=$PWD
cd flutter/examples/layers
flutter --local-engine=host_debug_unopt \
  -d chrome run widgets/spinning_square.dart
cd $MONOREPO_PATH

To build for desktop, specify the desktop platform device in flutter run as -d macos or -d linux or -d windows. You may also need to run the command

flutter create --platforms=windows,macos,linux

on existing apps, such as sample apps. New apps created with flutter create already include these support files. Details of desktop support are at Desktop Support for Flutter

Testing

Tests in the Flutter source tree can be run with the flutter test command, run in the directory of a package containing tests. For example:

MONOREPO_PATH=$PWD
cd flutter/packages/flutter
flutter test --local-engine=host_debug_unopt
cd $MONOREPO_PATH

Troubleshooting

Please file an issue or email the dart-engprod team with any problems with or questions about using monorepo.

We will update this documentation to address them.

  • flutter commands may download the engine and Dart SDK files for the configured channel, even though they will be using the local engine and its SDK.

Windows

  • On Windows, gclient sync needs to be run in an administrator session, because some installed dependencies create symlinks.